Poplity Chapter 35 MCQs - Local Self-Government (स्थानीय स्वशासन)

Poplity Chapter 35 MCQs - Local Self-Government (स्थानीय स्वशासन)

1 Which Constitutional Amendment gave constitutional status to Panchayati Raj Institutions in India?

भारत में पंचायती राज संस्थाओं को संवैधानिक दर्जा किस संविधान संशोधन द्वारा दिया गया?

1. 61st Constitutional Amendment

   61वाँ संविधान संशोधन

2. 69th Constitutional Amendment

   69वाँ संविधान संशोधन

3. 73rd Constitutional Amendment

   73वाँ संविधान संशोधन

4. 74th Constitutional Amendment

   74वाँ संविधान संशोधन

Correct Answer: (3) 73rd Constitutional Amendment

The 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 gave constitutional status to Panchayati Raj Institutions and inserted Part IX and the Eleventh Schedule into the Constitution. It came into force on 24 April 1993.

2 The 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 is primarily associated with:

74वाँ संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम, 1992 मुख्यतः किससे संबंधित है?

1. Panchayati Raj Institutions

   पंचायती राज संस्थाओं से

2. Cooperative Societies

   सहकारी समितियों से

3. Urban Local Bodies

   शहरी स्थानीय निकायों से

4. Municipal Courts

   नगरपालिका न्यायालयों से

Correct Answer: (3) Urban Local Bodies

The 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 gave constitutional status to urban local bodies. It inserted Part IX-A and the Twelfth Schedule into the Constitution and came into force on 1 June 1993.

3 Which Part of the Constitution deals with Panchayats?

संविधान का कौन-सा भाग पंचायतों से संबंधित है?

1. Part VIII

   भाग VIII

2. Part IX

   भाग IX

3. Part IX-A

   भाग IX-A

4. Part X

   भाग X

Correct Answer: (2) Part IX

Part IX of the Constitution, titled "The Panchayats", contains Articles 243 to 243-O and establishes the constitutional framework for rural local self-government.

4 Part IX-A of the Constitution deals with:

संविधान का भाग IX-A किससे संबंधित है?

1. Scheduled Areas

   अनुसूचित क्षेत्रों से

2. Panchayats

   पंचायतों से

3. Municipalities

   नगरपालिकाओं से

4. Cooperative Societies

   सहकारी समितियों से

Correct Answer: (3) Municipalities

Part IX-A, inserted by the 74th Constitutional Amendment, deals with Municipalities and contains Articles 243P to 243ZG.

5 Which Article of the Constitution directs the State to organize village panchayats?

संविधान का कौन-सा अनुच्छेद राज्य को ग्राम पंचायतों का संगठन करने का निर्देश देता है?

1. Article 38

   अनुच्छेद 38

2. Article 40

   अनुच्छेद 40

3. Article 43

   अनुच्छेद 43

4. Article 48

   अनुच्छेद 48

Correct Answer: (2) Article 40

Article 40, a Directive Principle of State Policy, directs the State to organize village panchayats and endow them with such powers and authority as may be necessary to enable them to function as units of self-government.

6 Which committee is generally regarded as the first major committee to recommend a three-tier Panchayati Raj system in India?

भारत में त्रिस्तरीय पंचायती राज व्यवस्था की सिफारिश करने वाली पहली प्रमुख समिति के रूप में सामान्यतः किस समिति को माना जाता है?

1. G.V.K. Rao Committee

   जी.वी.के. राव समिति

2. Balwant Rai Mehta Committee

   बलवंत राय मेहता समिति

3. Balwant Rai Mehta Committee

   बलवंत राय मेहता समिति

4. L.M. Singhvi Committee

   एल.एम. सिंघवी समिति

Correct Answer: (3) Balwant Rai Mehta Committee

The Balwant Rai Mehta Committee, appointed in 1957, recommended democratic decentralization through a three-tier Panchayati Raj system consisting of Gram Panchayat, Panchayat Samiti and Zila Parishad.

7 The Balwant Rai Mehta Committee was appointed primarily to examine the working of:

बलवंत राय मेहता समिति की नियुक्ति मुख्यतः किसकी कार्यप्रणाली की जांच के लिए की गई थी?

1. Public Sector Undertakings

   सार्वजनिक क्षेत्र के उपक्रमों की

2. Community Development Programme and National Extension Service

   सामुदायिक विकास कार्यक्रम और राष्ट्रीय विस्तार सेवा की

3. Community Development Programme and National Extension Service

   सामुदायिक विकास कार्यक्रम और राष्ट्रीय विस्तार सेवा की

4. Municipal Corporations only

   केवल नगर निगमों की

Correct Answer: (3) Community Development Programme and National Extension Service

The Balwant Rai Mehta Committee was appointed to examine the working of the Community Development Programme and National Extension Service and recommended democratic decentralization through Panchayati Raj institutions.

8 Which committee recommended constitutional recognition of Panchayati Raj Institutions?

किस समिति ने पंचायती राज संस्थाओं को संवैधानिक मान्यता देने की सिफारिश की थी?

1. Balwant Rai Mehta Committee

   बलवंत राय मेहता समिति

2. G.V.K. Rao Committee

   जी.वी.के. राव समिति

3. L.M. Singhvi Committee

   एल.एम. सिंघवी समिति

4. Ashok Mehta Committee

   अशोक मेहता समिति

Correct Answer: (3) L.M. Singhvi Committee

The L.M. Singhvi Committee, appointed in 1986, recommended constitutional recognition and protection for Panchayati Raj Institutions and emphasized the Gram Sabha as the foundation of decentralized democracy.

9 The Ashok Mehta Committee recommended a two-tier system consisting of:

अशोक मेहता समिति ने किस द्विस्तरीय व्यवस्था की सिफारिश की थी?

1. Gram Sabha and Gram Panchayat

   ग्राम सभा और ग्राम पंचायत

2. Zila Parishad and Mandal Panchayat

   जिला परिषद और मंडल पंचायत

3. Panchayat Samiti and Municipal Council

   पंचायत समिति और नगर परिषद

4. Gram Panchayat and Zila Parishad

   ग्राम पंचायत और जिला परिषद

Correct Answer: (2) Zila Parishad and Mandal Panchayat

The Ashok Mehta Committee, appointed in 1977, recommended a two-tier Panchayati Raj structure with Zila Parishad at the district level and Mandal Panchayat below it.

10 The 73rd Constitutional Amendment added which Schedule to the Constitution?

73वें संविधान संशोधन द्वारा संविधान में कौन-सी अनुसूची जोड़ी गई?

1. Ninth Schedule

   नौवीं अनुसूची

2. Tenth Schedule

   दसवीं अनुसूची

3. Eleventh Schedule

   ग्यारहवीं अनुसूची

4. Twelfth Schedule

   बारहवीं अनुसूची

Correct Answer: (3) Eleventh Schedule

The 73rd Constitutional Amendment added the Eleventh Schedule, containing 29 subjects that may be entrusted to Panchayats under Article 243G.

11 The Eleventh Schedule contains how many subjects?

ग्यारहवीं अनुसूची में कितने विषय शामिल हैं?

1. 18

   18

2. 22

   22

3. 29

   29

4. 30

   30

Correct Answer: (3) 29

The Eleventh Schedule contains 29 subjects, including agriculture, rural housing, drinking water, roads, rural electrification, poverty alleviation programmes, education, health and sanitation.

12 The Twelfth Schedule, added by the 74th Constitutional Amendment, contains how many subjects?

74वें संविधान संशोधन द्वारा जोड़ी गई बारहवीं अनुसूची में कितने विषय हैं?

1. 18

   18

2. 22

   22

3. 18

   18

4. 29

   29

Correct Answer: (3) 18

The Twelfth Schedule contains 18 subjects relating to urban local bodies, including urban planning, regulation of land use, roads, water supply, sanitation, fire services and urban forestry.

13 The Gram Sabha is defined under which Article of the Constitution?

ग्राम सभा को संविधान के किस अनुच्छेद के तहत परिभाषित किया गया है?

1. Article 243

   अनुच्छेद 243

2. Article 243(b)

   अनुच्छेद 243(b)

3. Article 243A

   अनुच्छेद 243A

4. Article 243G

   अनुच्छेद 243G

Correct Answer: (2) Article 243(b)

Article 243(b) defines Gram Sabha as a body consisting of persons registered in the electoral rolls relating to a village comprised within the area of a Panchayat at the village level.

14 Which Article empowers the Gram Sabha to exercise powers and perform functions at the village level as provided by State law?

कौन-सा अनुच्छेद ग्राम सभा को राज्य कानून द्वारा प्रदत्त शक्तियों का प्रयोग और कार्य करने का अधिकार देता है?

1. Article 243

   अनुच्छेद 243

2. Article 243A

   अनुच्छेद 243A

3. Article 243D

   अनुच्छेद 243D

4. Article 243G

   अनुच्छेद 243G

Correct Answer: (2) Article 243A

Article 243A provides that a Gram Sabha may exercise such powers and perform such functions at the village level as the Legislature of a State may provide by law.

15 Which of the following is NOT one of the constitutionally recognized types of Municipalities under Article 243Q?

निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा अनुच्छेद 243Q के तहत संवैधानिक रूप से मान्यता प्राप्त नगरपालिकाओं का प्रकार नहीं है?

1. Nagar Panchayat

   नगर पंचायत

2. Municipal Council

   नगर परिषद

3. Municipal Corporation

   नगर निगम

4. Zila Parishad

   जिला परिषद

Correct Answer: (4) Zila Parishad

Article 243Q provides for three types of Municipalities: Nagar Panchayat for a transitional area, Municipal Council for a smaller urban area and Municipal Corporation for a larger urban area.

16 A Nagar Panchayat is constituted for a:

नगर पंचायत का गठन किस क्षेत्र के लिए किया जाता है?

1. Larger urban area

   बड़े शहरी क्षेत्र के लिए

2. Smaller urban area

   छोटे शहरी क्षेत्र के लिए

3. Transitional area from a rural to an urban area

   ग्रामीण से शहरी क्षेत्र में संक्रमणशील क्षेत्र के लिए

4. Entire district

   पूरे जिले के लिए

Correct Answer: (3) Transitional area from a rural to an urban area

Article 243Q provides for a Nagar Panchayat for a transitional area, that is, an area in transition from a rural area to an urban area.

17 Which Article provides for the constitution of Panchayats at the village, intermediate and district levels?

कौन-सा अनुच्छेद ग्राम, मध्यवर्ती और जिला स्तर पर पंचायतों के गठन का प्रावधान करता है?

1. Article 243A

   अनुच्छेद 243A

2. Article 243B

   अनुच्छेद 243B

3. Article 243C

   अनुच्छेद 243C

4. Article 243G

   अनुच्छेद 243G

Correct Answer: (2) Article 243B

Article 243B provides for the constitution of Panchayats at the village, intermediate and district levels. However, a State with a population not exceeding twenty lakh may choose not to constitute Panchayats at the intermediate level.

18 A State having a population not exceeding twenty lakh may constitutionally choose not to constitute a Panchayat at which level?

बीस लाख से अधिक जनसंख्या न रखने वाला राज्य संवैधानिक रूप से किस स्तर पर पंचायत का गठन न करने का विकल्प चुन सकता है?

1. Village level

   ग्राम स्तर

2. Intermediate level

   मध्यवर्ती स्तर

3. District level

   जिला स्तर

4. All levels

   सभी स्तरों पर

Correct Answer: (2) Intermediate level

The proviso to Article 243B(2) allows a State having a population not exceeding twenty lakh to choose not to constitute Panchayats at the intermediate level.

19 Which of the following is a mandatory feature of Panchayati Raj under Part IX?

भाग IX के तहत निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सी पंचायती राज व्यवस्था की अनिवार्य विशेषता है?

1. Direct election of the Chairperson of every Panchayat at every level

   हर स्तर पर प्रत्येक पंचायत के अध्यक्ष का प्रत्यक्ष चुनाव

2. Reservation of all seats for women

   सभी सीटों पर महिलाओं के लिए आरक्षण

3. Regular elections to Panchayats

   पंचायतों के नियमित चुनाव

4. Uniform taxation powers throughout India

   पूरे भारत में समान कराधान शक्तियां

Correct Answer: (3) Regular elections to Panchayats

Part IX provides a constitutional framework for regular elections to Panchayats. The State Election Commission is responsible for the superintendence, direction and control of these elections.

20 What is the normal constitutional duration of a Panchayat?

पंचायत का सामान्य संवैधानिक कार्यकाल कितना होता है?

1. 3 years

   3 वर्ष

2. 5 years

   5 वर्ष

3. 6 years

   6 वर्ष

4. 7 years

   7 वर्ष

Correct Answer: (2) 5 years

Article 243E provides that every Panchayat shall continue for five years from the date appointed for its first meeting, unless sooner dissolved under law.

21 If a Panchayat is dissolved before the expiry of its five-year term, elections to constitute the new Panchayat should ordinarily be completed within:

यदि किसी पंचायत को उसके पाँच वर्ष के कार्यकाल की समाप्ति से पहले भंग कर दिया जाता है, तो नई पंचायत के गठन के लिए चुनाव सामान्यतः कितने समय के भीतर पूरा किया जाना चाहिए?

1. 3 months

   3 महीने

2. 6 months

   6 महीने

3. 9 months

   9 महीने

4. 1 year

   1 वर्ष

Correct Answer: (2) 6 months

Under Article 243E, an election to constitute a Panchayat should be completed before the expiry of its duration or, in the case of dissolution, before the expiration of six months from the date of dissolution, subject to the constitutional exception where the remaining period is less than six months.

22 Which authority conducts elections to Panchayats and Municipalities?

पंचायतों और नगरपालिकाओं के चुनाव कौन कराता है?

1. Election Commission of India

   भारत निर्वाचन आयोग

2. State Public Service Commission

   राज्य लोक सेवा आयोग

3. State Election Commission

   राज्य निर्वाचन आयोग

4. State Legislative Assembly

   राज्य विधान सभा

Correct Answer: (3) State Election Commission

Article 243K provides for the State Election Commission for Panchayat elections, while Article 243ZA extends the State Election Commission's constitutional role to Municipal elections.

23 Who appoints the State Election Commissioner?

राज्य निर्वाचन आयुक्त की नियुक्ति कौन करता है?

1. President of India

   भारत के राष्ट्रपति

2. Prime Minister

   प्रधानमंत्री

3. Governor of the State

   राज्य का राज्यपाल

4. Chief Justice of the High Court

   उच्च न्यायालय के मुख्य न्यायाधीश

Correct Answer: (3) Governor of the State

Under Article 243K, the State Election Commissioner is appointed by the Governor. The State Election Commissioner can be removed from office only in the manner and on the grounds prescribed for removal of a Judge of a High Court.

24 The superintendence, direction and control of preparation of electoral rolls and conduct of Panchayat elections is vested in the:

निर्वाचक नामावलियों की तैयारी तथा पंचायत चुनावों के संचालन का अधीक्षण, निर्देशन और नियंत्रण किसमें निहित है?

1. Election Commission of India

   भारत निर्वाचन आयोग

2. Governor

   राज्यपाल

3. State Legislature

   राज्य विधानमंडल

4. State Election Commission

   राज्य निर्वाचन आयोग

Correct Answer: (4) State Election Commission

Article 243K vests the superintendence, direction and control of electoral rolls and the conduct of all elections to Panchayats in the State Election Commission.

25 Reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in Panchayats is provided under:

पंचायतों में अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों के लिए सीटों का आरक्षण किस अनुच्छेद के तहत किया जाता है?

1. Article 243C

   अनुच्छेद 243C

2. Article 243D

   अनुच्छेद 243D

3. Article 243E

   अनुच्छेद 243E

4. Article 243G

   अनुच्छेद 243G

Correct Answer: (2) Article 243D

Article 243D provides reservation of seats for SCs and STs in every Panchayat in proportion to their population in the Panchayat area, along with reservation of not less than one-third of seats for women.

26 The Constitution provides that not less than what fraction of the total number of seats filled by direct election in every Panchayat shall be reserved for women?

संविधान के अनुसार प्रत्येक पंचायत में प्रत्यक्ष निर्वाचन द्वारा भरी जाने वाली कुल सीटों में से कम-से-कम कितने भाग के बराबर सीटें महिलाओं के लिए आरक्षित होंगी?

1. One-fourth

   एक-चौथाई

2. One-third

   एक-तिहाई

3. One-half

   आधा

4. Two-thirds

   दो-तिहाई

Correct Answer: (2) One-third

Article 243D provides that not less than one-third of the total number of seats filled by direct election in every Panchayat shall be reserved for women. This includes seats reserved for SC and ST women.

27 Reservation of offices of Chairpersons in Panchayats for women is:

पंचायतों में अध्यक्षों के पदों का महिलाओं के लिए आरक्षण:

1. Not permitted by the Constitution

   संविधान द्वारा अनुमत नहीं है

2. Fixed uniformly at one-half by the Constitution

   संविधान द्वारा समान रूप से आधा निर्धारित है

3. Provided for not less than one-third of the total number of offices at each level

   प्रत्येक स्तर पर कुल अध्यक्ष पदों में कम-से-कम एक-तिहाई के लिए प्रावधान है

4. Limited only to village Panchayats

   केवल ग्राम पंचायतों तक सीमित है

Correct Answer: (3) Provided for not less than one-third of the total number of offices at each level

Article 243D provides that not less than one-third of the total number of offices of Chairpersons in Panchayats at each level shall be reserved for women in the manner provided by State law.

28 Which statement about reservation in Panchayats is constitutionally correct?

पंचायतों में आरक्षण के संबंध में कौन-सा कथन संवैधानिक रूप से सही है?

1. SC/ST reservation is identical in every State irrespective of population

   SC/ST आरक्षण प्रत्येक राज्य में जनसंख्या की परवाह किए बिना समान होता है

2. Women can be reserved only in unreserved seats

   महिलाओं को केवल अनारक्षित सीटों पर ही आरक्षण दिया जा सकता है

3. Seats reserved for SC/ST women are included within the reservation for women

   SC/ST महिलाओं के लिए आरक्षित सीटें महिलाओं के आरक्षण में शामिल होती हैं

4. Reservation for women is prohibited at the Chairperson level

   अध्यक्ष स्तर पर महिलाओं के लिए आरक्षण निषिद्ध है

Correct Answer: (3) Seats reserved for SC/ST women are included within the reservation for women

Article 243D expressly provides that the seats reserved for women shall include seats reserved for women belonging to SCs and STs.

29 The power to authorize a Panchayat to levy, collect and appropriate taxes, duties, tolls and fees is primarily provided through:

पंचायत को कर, शुल्क, पथकर और फीस लगाने, एकत्र करने और विनियोजित करने के लिए अधिकृत करने का प्रावधान मुख्यतः किससे संबंधित है?

1. Article 243D

   अनुच्छेद 243D

2. Article 243E

   अनुच्छेद 243E

3. Article 243H

   अनुच्छेद 243H

4. Article 243K

   अनुच्छेद 243K

Correct Answer: (3) Article 243H

Article 243H enables a State Legislature to authorize Panchayats to levy, collect and appropriate taxes, duties, tolls and fees, assign State-collected revenues to Panchayats, provide grants-in-aid and create Panchayat funds.

30 The State Finance Commission is constituted by the Governor every:

राज्य वित्त आयोग का गठन राज्यपाल द्वारा प्रत्येक कितने वर्ष में किया जाता है?

1. 3 years

   3 वर्ष

2. 5 years

   5 वर्ष

3. 6 years

   6 वर्ष

4. 10 years

   10 वर्ष

Correct Answer: (2) 5 years

Under Article 243-I, the Governor constitutes a Finance Commission every five years to review the financial position of Panchayats and recommend principles regarding distribution of revenues, taxes, grants and other financial matters.

31 Which constitutional body reviews the financial position of both Panchayats and Municipalities at the State level?

राज्य स्तर पर पंचायतों और नगरपालिकाओं दोनों की वित्तीय स्थिति की समीक्षा कौन-सा संवैधानिक निकाय करता है?

1. Union Finance Commission

   केंद्रीय वित्त आयोग

2. State Public Accounts Committee

   राज्य लोक लेखा समिति

3. State Finance Commission

   राज्य वित्त आयोग

4. State Election Commission

   राज्य निर्वाचन आयोग

Correct Answer: (3) State Finance Commission

The State Finance Commission, constituted under Article 243-I for Panchayats and extended to Municipalities through Article 243Y, reviews local bodies' finances and recommends principles for financial devolution.

32 The recommendations of the State Finance Commission are submitted to the:

राज्य वित्त आयोग की सिफारिशें किसके समक्ष प्रस्तुत की जाती हैं?

1. President of India

   भारत के राष्ट्रपति

2. Prime Minister

   प्रधानमंत्री

3. Governor of the State

   राज्य के राज्यपाल

4. State Election Commissioner

   राज्य निर्वाचन आयुक्त

Correct Answer: (3) Governor of the State

The State Finance Commission submits its recommendations to the Governor. The Governor causes the recommendations and an explanatory memorandum on the action taken to be laid before the State Legislature.

33 Which Article provides for the constitution of a District Planning Committee?

जिला योजना समिति के गठन का प्रावधान किस अनुच्छेद में है?

1. Article 243W

   अनुच्छेद 243W

2. Article 243ZD

   अनुच्छेद 243ZD

3. Article 243ZE

   अनुच्छेद 243ZE

4. Article 280

   अनुच्छेद 280

Correct Answer: (2) Article 243ZD

Article 243ZD provides for a District Planning Committee in every State at the district level to consolidate plans prepared by Panchayats and Municipalities and prepare a draft development plan for the district.

34 The Metropolitan Planning Committee is provided for under which Article?

महानगर योजना समिति का प्रावधान किस अनुच्छेद के तहत किया गया है?

1. Article 243W

   अनुच्छेद 243W

2. Article 243ZD

   अनुच्छेद 243ZD

3. Article 243ZE

   अनुच्छेद 243ZE

4. Article 244

   अनुच्छेद 244

Correct Answer: (3) Article 243ZE

Article 243ZE provides for a Metropolitan Planning Committee for every metropolitan area to prepare a draft development plan for the metropolitan area as a whole.

35 In a District Planning Committee, not less than what proportion of the members are elected by and from among the elected members of Panchayats and Municipalities in the district?

जिला योजना समिति में कम-से-कम कितने अनुपात में सदस्य जिले की पंचायतों और नगरपालिकाओं के निर्वाचित सदस्यों में से चुने जाते हैं?

1. One-half

   आधा

2. Two-thirds

   दो-तिहाई

3. Four-fifths

   चार-पाँचवाँ

4. Three-fourths

   तीन-चौथाई

Correct Answer: (3) Four-fifths

Article 243ZD provides that not less than four-fifths of the members of a District Planning Committee shall be elected by and from among the elected members of Panchayats at the district level and Municipalities in the district.

36 The Constitution requires not less than what proportion of the members of a Metropolitan Planning Committee to be elected by and from among elected members of Municipalities and Chairpersons of Panchayats in the metropolitan area?

संविधान के अनुसार महानगर योजना समिति के कम-से-कम कितने अनुपात में सदस्य महानगरीय क्षेत्र की नगरपालिकाओं के निर्वाचित सदस्यों और पंचायतों के अध्यक्षों में से चुने जाने चाहिए?

1. One-half

   आधा

2. Two-thirds

   दो-तिहाई

3. Three-fourths

   तीन-चौथाई

4. Four-fifths

   चार-पाँचवाँ

Correct Answer: (2) Two-thirds

Article 243ZE provides that not less than two-thirds of the members of a Metropolitan Planning Committee shall be elected by and from among the elected members of Municipalities and Chairpersons of Panchayats in the metropolitan area.

37 Which Article provides for the powers and responsibilities of Panchayats?

पंचायतों की शक्तियों और उत्तरदायित्वों का प्रावधान किस अनुच्छेद में है?

1. Article 243D

   अनुच्छेद 243D

2. Article 243H

   अनुच्छेद 243H

3. Article 243G

   अनुच्छेद 243G

4. Article 243K

   अनुच्छेद 243K

Correct Answer: (3) Article 243G

Article 243G enables State Legislatures to endow Panchayats with powers and authority necessary to function as institutions of self-government, including responsibilities concerning economic development and social justice.

38 Which Article provides for the powers and responsibilities of Municipalities?

नगरपालिकाओं की शक्तियों और उत्तरदायित्वों का प्रावधान किस अनुच्छेद में है?

1. Article 243T

   अनुच्छेद 243T

2. Article 243U

   अनुच्छेद 243U

3. Article 243W

   अनुच्छेद 243W

4. Article 243ZA

   अनुच्छेद 243ZA

Correct Answer: (3) Article 243W

Article 243W enables State Legislatures to endow Municipalities with such powers and authority as may be necessary to function as institutions of self-government and to perform functions relating to the Twelfth Schedule.

39 Which of the following subjects is included in the Eleventh Schedule but NOT in the Twelfth Schedule?

निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा विषय ग्यारहवीं अनुसूची में शामिल है लेकिन बारहवीं अनुसूची में नहीं?

1. Urban planning

   शहरी नियोजन

2. Fire services

   अग्निशमन सेवाएँ

3. Agriculture

   कृषि

4. Urban forestry

   शहरी वानिकी

Correct Answer: (3) Agriculture

Agriculture is one of the 29 subjects in the Eleventh Schedule relating to Panchayats. Urban planning, fire services and urban forestry are among the 18 subjects in the Twelfth Schedule relating to Municipalities.

40 Which of the following is included in the Twelfth Schedule?

निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा बारहवीं अनुसूची में शामिल है?

1. Animal husbandry

   पशुपालन

2. Minor irrigation

   लघु सिंचाई

3. Urban planning

   शहरी नियोजन

4. Fisheries

   मत्स्य पालन

Correct Answer: (3) Urban planning

Urban planning, including town planning, is the first subject listed in the Twelfth Schedule. The other options are primarily subjects listed in the Eleventh Schedule concerning Panchayats.

41 Which of the following constitutional provisions enables Parliament to extend Part IX to Scheduled Areas and tribal areas with modifications and exceptions?

कौन-सा संवैधानिक प्रावधान संसद को भाग IX को अनुसूचित क्षेत्रों और जनजातीय क्षेत्रों तक अपवादों और संशोधनों के साथ विस्तारित करने में सक्षम बनाता है?

1. Article 243M

   अनुच्छेद 243M

2. Article 243G

   अनुच्छेद 243G

3. Article 243M read with the PESA framework

   अनुच्छेद 243M तथा PESA व्यवस्था के संदर्भ में

4. Article 244A only

   केवल अनुच्छेद 244A

Correct Answer: (3) Article 243M read with the PESA framework

Article 243M excludes certain Scheduled and tribal areas from the automatic application of Part IX. Parliament subsequently enacted the Panchayats (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996, commonly known as PESA, to extend Panchayat provisions to Scheduled Areas with special modifications.

42 The Panchayats (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996 is popularly known as:

पंचायत (अनुसूचित क्षेत्रों तक विस्तार) अधिनियम, 1996 को सामान्यतः किस नाम से जाना जाता है?

1. POSCO Act

   पॉक्सो अधिनियम

2. PESA Act

   पेसा अधिनियम

3. FRA Act

   एफआरए अधिनियम

4. Fifth Amendment Act

   पाँचवाँ संशोधन अधिनियम

Correct Answer: (2) PESA Act

The Panchayats (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996 is popularly known as PESA. It extends the Panchayati Raj framework to Fifth Schedule Scheduled Areas while recognizing important traditional and community rights of tribal populations.

43 Under PESA, which body is recognized as particularly important in safeguarding community resources and customary practices in Scheduled Areas?

PESA के तहत अनुसूचित क्षेत्रों में सामुदायिक संसाधनों और प्रथागत परंपराओं की सुरक्षा में किस निकाय को विशेष महत्व दिया गया है?

1. Zila Parishad

   जिला परिषद

2. Municipal Corporation

   नगर निगम

3. Gram Sabha

   ग्राम सभा

4. State Finance Commission

   राज्य वित्त आयोग

Correct Answer: (3) Gram Sabha

PESA gives the Gram Sabha a central role in Scheduled Areas, including safeguarding traditions, customs, cultural identity and community resources, and providing a basis for participation in local governance.

44 Which of the following is a distinctive feature of PESA with respect to minor forest produce?

लघु वनोपज के संबंध में PESA की विशिष्ट विशेषता क्या है?

1. Central Government exclusively controls minor forest produce

   केंद्र सरकार का लघु वनोपज पर विशेष नियंत्रण है

2. Municipalities control all minor forest produce

   नगरपालिकाओं का सभी लघु वनोपज पर नियंत्रण है

3. Gram Sabha or Panchayats at the appropriate level are empowered over ownership of minor forest produce as provided by PESA

   PESA के अनुसार ग्राम सभा या उपयुक्त स्तर की पंचायतों को लघु वनोपज के स्वामित्व की शक्ति दी गई है

4. Minor forest produce is constitutionally excluded from tribal areas

   लघु वनोपज को जनजातीय क्षेत्रों से संवैधानिक रूप से बाहर रखा गया है

Correct Answer: (3) Gram Sabha or Panchayats at the appropriate level are empowered over ownership of minor forest produce as provided by PESA

PESA recognizes the role of Gram Sabhas and Panchayats at the appropriate level in relation to ownership of minor forest produce, reflecting the Act's emphasis on community control and tribal self-governance.

45 Which Article bars courts from interfering in electoral matters of Panchayats?

कौन-सा अनुच्छेद पंचायतों के चुनाव संबंधी मामलों में न्यायालयों के हस्तक्षेप पर रोक लगाता है?

1. Article 243K

   अनुच्छेद 243K

2. Article 243L

   अनुच्छेद 243L

3. Article 243-O

   अनुच्छेद 243-O

4. Article 243ZA

   अनुच्छेद 243ZA

Correct Answer: (3) Article 243-O

Article 243-O bars courts from questioning the validity of laws relating to delimitation or allotment of seats in Panchayats and provides that Panchayat elections can be challenged only through an election petition in the manner provided by State law.

46 Which Article bars courts from interfering in electoral matters of Municipalities?

कौन-सा अनुच्छेद नगरपालिकाओं के चुनाव संबंधी मामलों में न्यायालयों के हस्तक्षेप पर रोक लगाता है?

1. Article 243T

   अनुच्छेद 243T

2. Article 243W

   अनुच्छेद 243W

3. Article 243ZA

   अनुच्छेद 243ZA

4. Article 243ZG

   अनुच्छेद 243ZG

Correct Answer: (4) Article 243ZG

Article 243ZG bars courts from interfering with electoral matters relating to Municipalities, including delimitation and allotment of seats, and provides for challenges to elections through election petitions as prescribed by State law.

47 Which statement regarding the 74th Constitutional Amendment is correct?

74वें संविधान संशोधन के संबंध में कौन-सा कथन सही है?

1. It inserted Part IX only

   इसने केवल भाग IX जोड़ा

2. It constitutionalized only Municipal Corporations

   इसने केवल नगर निगमों को संवैधानिक दर्जा दिया

3. It inserted Part IX-A and the Twelfth Schedule

   इसने भाग IX-A और बारहवीं अनुसूची जोड़ी

4. It abolished all State control over municipalities

   इसने नगरपालिकाओं पर राज्य का समस्त नियंत्रण समाप्त कर दिया

Correct Answer: (3) It inserted Part IX-A and the Twelfth Schedule

The 74th Amendment inserted Part IX-A, containing Articles 243P to 243ZG, and added the Twelfth Schedule containing 18 subjects relating to urban local government.

48 Which of the following is NOT a constitutional requirement applicable to Municipalities under Part IX-A?

निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा भाग IX-A के तहत नगरपालिकाओं पर लागू संवैधानिक आवश्यकता नहीं है?

1. Five-year duration

   पाँच वर्ष का कार्यकाल

2. Regular elections

   नियमित चुनाव

3. Reservation for SCs, STs and women as constitutionally prescribed

   संविधान के अनुसार SC, ST और महिलाओं के लिए आरक्षण

4. Uniform municipal tax rates throughout India

   पूरे भारत में नगरपालिकाओं के लिए समान कर दरें

Correct Answer: (4) Uniform municipal tax rates throughout India

The Constitution provides a framework for Municipalities but does not prescribe uniform tax rates throughout India. Taxation powers and financial arrangements are primarily determined by State law within the constitutional framework.

49 Consider the following statements regarding the 73rd Constitutional Amendment: I. It inserted Part IX. II. It added the Eleventh Schedule. III. It constitutionalized the State Election Commission for Panchayat elections. IV. It abolished Gram Sabha. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

73वें संविधान संशोधन के संबंध में निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार कीजिए: I. इसने भाग IX जोड़ा। II. इसने ग्यारहवीं अनुसूची जोड़ी। III. इसने पंचायत चुनावों के लिए राज्य निर्वाचन आयोग को संवैधानिक आधार दिया। IV. इसने ग्राम सभा को समाप्त कर दिया। उपर्युक्त में से कौन-सा/से कथन सही है/हैं?

1. Only I and II

   केवल I और II

2. Only II and IV

   केवल II और IV

3. I, II and III only

   केवल I, II और III

4. I, II, III and IV

   I, II, III और IV

Correct Answer: (3) I, II and III only

The 73rd Amendment inserted Part IX, added the Eleventh Schedule and provided a constitutional framework for State Election Commissions. It did not abolish the Gram Sabha; rather, it constitutionally recognized it under Article 243A.

50 Consider the following statements regarding local self-government in India: I. The 73rd Amendment relates to rural local bodies. II. The 74th Amendment relates to urban local bodies. III. The Eleventh Schedule contains 29 subjects. IV. The Twelfth Schedule contains 18 subjects. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

भारत में स्थानीय स्वशासन के संबंध में निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार कीजिए: I. 73वाँ संशोधन ग्रामीण स्थानीय निकायों से संबंधित है। II. 74वाँ संशोधन शहरी स्थानीय निकायों से संबंधित है। III. ग्यारहवीं अनुसूची में 29 विषय हैं। IV. बारहवीं अनुसूची में 18 विषय हैं। उपर्युक्त में से कौन-सा/से कथन सही है/हैं?

1. Only I and II

   केवल I और II

2. Only II and III

   केवल II और III

3. Only I, III and IV

   केवल I, III और IV

4. I, II, III and IV

   I, II, III और IV

Correct Answer: (4) I, II, III and IV

The 73rd Amendment constitutionalized rural Panchayati Raj institutions and added the Eleventh Schedule with 29 subjects. The 74th Amendment constitutionalized urban Municipalities and added the Twelfth Schedule with 18 subjects. Together, these amendments form the constitutional foundation of local self-government in India.

1 Which of the following statements correctly describes the constitutional status of Panchayats after the 73rd Constitutional Amendment?

1. Panchayats were made part of the Union List.

   पंचायतों को संघ सूची का विषय बना दिया गया।

2. Only Gram Panchayats were given constitutional recognition.

   केवल ग्राम पंचायतों को संवैधानिक मान्यता दी गई।

3. Panchayats were given constitutional status and a framework was added through Part IX of the Constitution.

   पंचायतों को संवैधानिक दर्जा दिया गया और संविधान के भाग IX के माध्यम से एक रूपरेखा जोड़ी गई।

4. The 73rd Amendment abolished Panchayati Raj institutions.

   73वें संशोधन ने पंचायती राज संस्थाओं को समाप्त कर दिया।

Correct Answer: (3) Panchayats were given constitutional status and a framework was added through Part IX of the Constitution.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Panchayats are primarily associated with the State sphere, not the Union List.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - The constitutional framework covers a broader three-tier Panchayati Raj structure, subject to constitutional exceptions.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - The 73rd Amendment Act, 1992 inserted Part IX dealing with Panchayats.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - The 73rd Amendment strengthened and constitutionalized Panchayati Raj rather than abolishing it.

2 The provisions relating to Panchayats are contained in which Part of the Constitution?

1. Part VIII

   भाग VIII

2. Part IX

   भाग IX

3. Part IX-A

   भाग IX-A

4. Part X

   भाग X

Correct Answer: (2) Part IX

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Part VIII deals with Union Territories.
2. Statement 2 (✅) - Part IX, covering Articles 243 to 243-O, deals with Panchayats.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Part IX-A deals with Municipalities.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Part X deals with Scheduled and Tribal Areas and related matters.

3 Which Constitutional Amendment Act is associated with the constitutionalization of Panchayati Raj institutions?

1. 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976

   42वां संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम, 1976

2. 61st Constitutional Amendment Act, 1988

   61वां संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम, 1988

3. 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992

   74वां संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम, 1992

4. 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992

   73वां संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम, 1992

Correct Answer: (4) 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The 42nd Amendment made wide-ranging constitutional changes but did not constitutionalize Panchayats.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - The 61st Amendment reduced the voting age from 21 to 18 years.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - The 74th Amendment constitutionalized urban local bodies.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - The 73rd Amendment provided constitutional status to Panchayati Raj institutions.

4 Which of the following statements about the Gram Sabha is correct?

1. It consists only of elected members of the Gram Panchayat.

   इसमें केवल ग्राम पंचायत के निर्वाचित सदस्य शामिल होते हैं।

2. It consists only of the Sarpanch and Panchayat officials.

   इसमें केवल सरपंच और पंचायत अधिकारी शामिल होते हैं।

3. It is a body constituted by Parliament for every village.

   यह प्रत्येक गांव के लिए संसद द्वारा गठित निकाय है।

4. It consists of persons registered in the electoral rolls relating to a village or group of villages within the area of a Panchayat at the village level.

   इसमें पंचायत के ग्राम स्तर के क्षेत्र में आने वाले गांव या गांवों के समूह की मतदाता सूची में पंजीकृत व्यक्ति शामिल होते हैं।

Correct Answer: (4) It consists of persons registered in the electoral rolls relating to a village or group of villages within the area of a Panchayat at the village level.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Gram Sabha is much broader than the elected Gram Panchayat.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - It includes eligible registered voters, not merely officials and the Sarpanch.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Gram Sabha is a constitutional village-level body, with its powers determined according to the constitutional and State-law framework.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - Article 243(b) defines Gram Sabha in terms of persons registered in the electoral rolls relating to the village-level area.

5 Consider the following statements regarding the three-tier Panchayati Raj system. Which one is correct?

1. It constitutionally requires a three-tier system in every State without exception.

   यह प्रत्येक राज्य में बिना किसी अपवाद के तीन-स्तरीय व्यवस्था को अनिवार्य करता है।

2. It provides only for village and district levels.

   यह केवल ग्राम और जिला स्तर का प्रावधान करता है।

3. The Constitution envisages Panchayats at village, intermediate and district levels, but States having a population not exceeding twenty lakhs may omit the intermediate level.

   संविधान ग्राम, मध्यवर्ती और जिला स्तर पर पंचायतों की परिकल्पना करता है, लेकिन 20 लाख से अधिक न होने वाली जनसंख्या वाले राज्य मध्यवर्ती स्तर को छोड़ सकते हैं।

4. The Constitution requires only the district-level Panchayat.

   संविधान केवल जिला स्तर की पंचायत को अनिवार्य करता है।

Correct Answer: (3) The Constitution envisages Panchayats at village, intermediate and district levels, but States having a population not exceeding twenty lakhs may omit the intermediate level.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - There is a constitutional exception for States with population not exceeding twenty lakhs.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - The constitutional framework includes the intermediate level, subject to the population exception.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - Article 243B provides for Panchayats at village, intermediate and district levels, with the stated exception.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - The Constitution provides for more than merely district-level Panchayats.

6 Which of the following is NOT a feature directly provided by the 73rd Constitutional Amendment?

1. Constitutional recognition of Panchayats

   पंचायतों को संवैधानिक मान्यता

2. Reservation of seats for SCs and STs in Panchayats

   पंचायतों में अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों के लिए सीटों का आरक्षण

3. Five-year tenure of Panchayats

   पंचायतों का पांच वर्ष का कार्यकाल

4. Constitutional reservation of one-half of all Panchayat seats exclusively for women throughout India

   पूरे भारत में पंचायतों की सभी सीटों में आधी सीटों का महिलाओं के लिए संवैधानिक आरक्षण

Correct Answer: (4) Constitutional reservation of one-half of all Panchayat seats exclusively for women throughout India

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (✅) - Constitutional status for Panchayats is a core feature of the 73rd Amendment.
2. Statement 2 (✅) - Article 243D provides reservation for SCs and STs in Panchayats.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - Article 243E provides a five-year duration for Panchayats.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - The Constitution originally prescribed not less than one-third reservation for women; States may provide a higher percentage through law. A constitutional nationwide 50% minimum was not created by the 73rd Amendment.

7 Which Article provides for reservation of seats in Panchayats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes?

1. Article 243A

   अनुच्छेद 243A

2. Article 243C

   अनुच्छेद 243C

3. Article 243D

   अनुच्छेद 243D

4. Article 243G

   अनुच्छेद 243G

Correct Answer: (3) Article 243D

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Article 243A concerns powers of the Gram Sabha.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Article 243C deals with composition of Panchayats.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - Article 243D deals with reservation of seats in Panchayats.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Article 243G deals with powers, authority and responsibilities of Panchayats.

8 Consider the following statements regarding reservation for women in Panchayats. Which one is correct?

1. Women are constitutionally entitled to reservation of not less than one-third of the total number of seats to be filled by direct election in every Panchayat.

   महिलाओं को प्रत्येक पंचायत में प्रत्यक्ष चुनाव से भरी जाने वाली कुल सीटों में कम से कम एक-तिहाई सीटों के आरक्षण का संवैधानिक अधिकार है।

2. Women are constitutionally guaranteed exactly one-half of all Panchayat seats.

   महिलाओं को सभी पंचायत सीटों में ठीक आधी सीटों का संवैधानिक आरक्षण प्राप्त है।

3. Women can be reserved seats only at the village level.

   महिलाओं के लिए केवल ग्राम स्तर पर सीटें आरक्षित की जा सकती हैं।

4. Women have no constitutional reservation in Panchayats.

   पंचायतों में महिलाओं के लिए कोई संवैधानिक आरक्षण नहीं है।

Correct Answer: (1) Women are constitutionally entitled to reservation of not less than one-third of the total number of seats to be filled by direct election in every Panchayat.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (✅) - Article 243D provides for not less than one-third reservation for women in directly elected Panchayat seats, including within SC/ST reserved seats.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - The constitutional minimum is one-third, not one-half.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - The provision applies across Panchayat levels.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Women have explicit constitutional reservation under Article 243D.

9 Which of the following statements about reservation of Chairperson offices in Panchayats is correct?

1. Chairperson offices can never be reserved for women.

   पंचायतों में अध्यक्ष के पद कभी भी महिलाओं के लिए आरक्षित नहीं किए जा सकते।

2. Only the Central Government can decide such reservation.

   ऐसे आरक्षण का निर्णय केवल केंद्र सरकार कर सकती है।

3. Not less than one-third of the total number of offices of Chairpersons at each level of Panchayats shall be reserved for women, in accordance with constitutional provisions.

   पंचायतों के प्रत्येक स्तर पर अध्यक्षों के कुल पदों में कम से कम एक-तिहाई पद संविधान के अनुसार महिलाओं के लिए आरक्षित किए जाएंगे।

4. Chairperson reservation applies only to District Panchayats.

   अध्यक्ष पद का आरक्षण केवल जिला पंचायतों में लागू होता है।

Correct Answer: (3) Not less than one-third of the total number of offices of Chairpersons at each level of Panchayats shall be reserved for women, in accordance with constitutional provisions.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The Constitution expressly provides reservation of Chairperson offices for women.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - The constitutional framework operates through State law and the constitutional requirements, not unilateral Central Government determination.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - Article 243D provides for not less than one-third reservation of Chairperson offices for women.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - The provision covers each level of Panchayats.

10 The tenure of a Panchayat under Article 243E is generally:

1. Three years

   तीन वर्ष

2. Five years

   पांच वर्ष

3. Six years

   छह वर्ष

4. Seven years

   सात वर्ष

Correct Answer: (2) Five years

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The normal constitutional duration is five years.
2. Statement 2 (✅) - Article 243E provides a five-year duration for every Panchayat unless sooner dissolved.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Six years is not the constitutional tenure of Panchayats.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Seven years is not the constitutional tenure of Panchayats.

11 If a Panchayat is dissolved before completion of its five-year term, which statement is correct?

1. Election to constitute the new Panchayat must generally be completed before the expiry of six months from the date of dissolution.

   नई पंचायत के गठन का चुनाव सामान्यतः पंचायत के विघटन की तारीख से छह महीने की अवधि समाप्त होने से पहले पूरा किया जाना चाहिए।

2. The dissolved Panchayat automatically continues for another five years.

   विघटित पंचायत स्वतः अगले पांच वर्षों तक जारी रहती है।

3. The President must conduct the election.

   राष्ट्रपति को चुनाव कराना होता है।

4. No election is constitutionally required after dissolution.

   विघटन के बाद कोई चुनाव संवैधानिक रूप से आवश्यक नहीं है।

Correct Answer: (1) Election to constitute the new Panchayat must generally be completed before the expiry of six months from the date of dissolution.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (✅) - Article 243E provides for election within six months of dissolution, subject to the constitutional exception where the remainder of the term is less than six months.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Dissolution terminates the existing Panchayat.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Panchayat elections are conducted under the State Election Commission.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - The Constitution provides for reconstitution after dissolution, subject to its conditions.

12 Which authority conducts elections to Panchayats?

1. Election Commission of India

   भारत निर्वाचन आयोग

2. State Public Service Commission

   राज्य लोक सेवा आयोग

3. State Government alone

   केवल राज्य सरकार

4. State Election Commission

   राज्य निर्वाचन आयोग

Correct Answer: (4) State Election Commission

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The Election Commission of India conducts elections to Parliament, State Legislatures and certain other offices, not Panchayat elections.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - State Public Service Commissions conduct recruitment examinations and related functions, not Panchayat elections.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - The Constitution establishes an independent State Election Commission for local-body elections.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - Article 243K vests superintendence, direction and control of Panchayat elections in the State Election Commission.

13 Which of the following statements about the State Election Commissioner is correct?

1. The State Election Commissioner is appointed by the Chief Minister.

   राज्य निर्वाचन आयुक्त की नियुक्ति मुख्यमंत्री करते हैं।

2. The State Election Commissioner can be removed at the pleasure of the Governor.

   राज्य निर्वाचन आयुक्त को राज्यपाल की इच्छा पर हटाया जा सकता है।

3. The State Election Commissioner can be removed from office only in like manner and on like grounds as a Judge of a High Court.

   राज्य निर्वाचन आयुक्त को केवल उसी रीति और उन्हीं आधारों पर पद से हटाया जा सकता है जिस प्रकार उच्च न्यायालय के न्यायाधीश को हटाया जाता है।

4. The State Election Commissioner is a member of the Election Commission of India.

   राज्य निर्वाचन आयुक्त भारत निर्वाचन आयोग के सदस्य होते हैं।

Correct Answer: (3) The State Election Commissioner can be removed from office only in like manner and on like grounds as a Judge of a High Court.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The Governor appoints the State Election Commissioner.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - The Constitution gives the State Election Commissioner significant security of tenure.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - Article 243K provides removal protection comparable to that of a High Court Judge.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - The State Election Commission is constitutionally distinct from the Election Commission of India.

14 Which Article deals with the powers, authority and responsibilities of Panchayats?

1. Article 243D

   अनुच्छेद 243D

2. Article 243E

   अनुच्छेद 243E

3. Article 243K

   अनुच्छेद 243K

4. Article 243G

   अनुच्छेद 243G

Correct Answer: (4) Article 243G

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Article 243D deals with reservation of seats in Panchayats.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Article 243E deals with duration of Panchayats.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Article 243K deals with elections to Panchayats.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - Article 243G concerns powers, authority and responsibilities of Panchayats.

15 Which Schedule contains the subjects that may be devolved to Panchayats?

1. Eleventh Schedule

   ग्यारहवीं अनुसूची

2. Twelfth Schedule

   बारहवीं अनुसूची

3. Seventh Schedule

   सातवीं अनुसूची

4. Eleventh Schedule

   ग्यारहवीं अनुसूची

Correct Answer: (1) Eleventh Schedule

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (✅) - The Eleventh Schedule contains 29 subjects that may be entrusted to Panchayats under Article 243G.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - The Twelfth Schedule contains subjects relating to Municipalities.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - The Seventh Schedule distributes legislative subjects between Union, State and Concurrent Lists.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - The Eleventh Schedule is the relevant Schedule for Panchayats.

16 Which of the following pairs is correctly matched?

1. 73rd Amendment — Municipalities

   73वां संशोधन — नगरपालिकाएं

2. 74th Amendment — Panchayats

   74वां संशोधन — पंचायतें

3. 73rd Amendment — Eleventh Schedule

   73वां संशोधन — ग्यारहवीं अनुसूची

4. 74th Amendment — Eleventh Schedule

   74वां संशोधन — ग्यारहवीं अनुसूची

Correct Answer: (3) 73rd Amendment — Eleventh Schedule

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The 74th Amendment deals with Municipalities.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - The 73rd Amendment deals with Panchayats.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - The 73rd Amendment added the Eleventh Schedule containing 29 subjects.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - The 74th Amendment added the Twelfth Schedule.

17 Which of the following statements about the Eleventh Schedule is correct?

1. It contains 18 subjects relating to Municipalities.

   इसमें नगरपालिकाओं से संबंधित 18 विषय हैं।

2. It contains 29 subjects relating to Parliament.

   इसमें संसद से संबंधित 29 विषय हैं।

3. It contains 12 subjects relating to State Legislatures.

   इसमें राज्य विधानसभाओं से संबंधित 12 विषय हैं।

4. It contains 29 subjects that may be entrusted to Panchayats.

   इसमें 29 विषय हैं जिन्हें पंचायतों को सौंपा जा सकता है।

Correct Answer: (4) It contains 29 subjects that may be entrusted to Panchayats.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The Twelfth Schedule contains 18 subjects relating to Municipalities.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - The Eleventh Schedule concerns Panchayats.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - It does not contain 12 subjects for State Legislatures.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - The Eleventh Schedule contains 29 subjects under Article 243G.

18 Which of the following statements about the 74th Constitutional Amendment is correct?

1. It constitutionalized Panchayats.

   इसने पंचायतों को संवैधानिक दर्जा दिया।

2. It gave constitutional recognition to urban local bodies and inserted Part IX-A.

   इसने शहरी स्थानीय निकायों को संवैधानिक मान्यता दी और भाग IX-A जोड़ा।

3. It abolished Municipalities.

   इसने नगरपालिकाओं को समाप्त कर दिया।

4. It introduced the Eleventh Schedule.

   इसने ग्यारहवीं अनुसूची लागू की।

Correct Answer: (2) It gave constitutional recognition to urban local bodies and inserted Part IX-A.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Panchayats were constitutionalized by the 73rd Amendment.
2. Statement 2 (✅) - The 74th Amendment inserted Part IX-A dealing with Municipalities.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - The Amendment strengthened the constitutional framework of Municipalities.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - The Eleventh Schedule was associated with the 73rd Amendment; the 74th added the Twelfth Schedule.

19 Which Part of the Constitution deals with Municipalities?

1. Part VIII

   भाग VIII

2. Part IX

   भाग IX

3. Part IX-A

   भाग IX-A

4. Part X

   भाग X

Correct Answer: (3) Part IX-A

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Part VIII deals with Union Territories.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Part IX deals with Panchayats.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - Part IX-A, comprising Articles 243P to 243ZG, deals with Municipalities.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Part X concerns Scheduled and Tribal Areas and related matters.

20 Which of the following is NOT one of the three constitutional types of Municipalities under Article 243Q?

1. Nagar Panchayat

   नगर पंचायत

2. Municipal Council

   नगर परिषद

3. Municipal Corporation

   नगर निगम

4. Zila Parishad

   जिला परिषद

Correct Answer: (4) Zila Parishad

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (✅) - Nagar Panchayat is for a transitional area moving from rural to urban.
2. Statement 2 (✅) - Municipal Council is for a smaller urban area.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - Municipal Corporation is for a larger urban area.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Zila Parishad is a Panchayati Raj institution at the district level, not a Municipality.

21 Which of the following correctly describes a Nagar Panchayat?

1. It is constituted for a large urban area.

   यह बड़े शहरी क्षेत्र के लिए गठित की जाती है।

2. It is constituted exclusively for rural areas.

   यह केवल ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों के लिए गठित की जाती है।

3. It is constituted for a transitional area, that is, an area transitioning from rural to urban.

   यह संक्रमणशील क्षेत्र अर्थात ग्रामीण से शहरी क्षेत्र में परिवर्तित हो रहे क्षेत्र के लिए गठित की जाती है।

4. It is the highest urban local body in a State.

   यह किसी राज्य का सर्वोच्च शहरी स्थानीय निकाय है।

Correct Answer: (3) It is constituted for a transitional area, that is, an area transitioning from rural to urban.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - A Municipal Corporation is generally associated with a larger urban area.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Nagar Panchayat is an urban local body for a transitional area.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - Article 243Q provides for a Nagar Panchayat for a transitional area.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - A Nagar Panchayat is not the highest urban local body.

22 Which of the following statements regarding the Twelfth Schedule is correct?

1. It contains 29 subjects relating to Panchayats.

   इसमें पंचायतों से संबंधित 29 विषय हैं।

2. It contains 18 subjects relating to Parliament.

   इसमें संसद से संबंधित 18 विषय हैं।

3. It contains 12 subjects relating to Municipalities.

   इसमें नगरपालिकाओं से संबंधित 12 विषय हैं।

4. It contains 18 subjects that may be entrusted to Municipalities.

   इसमें 18 विषय हैं जिन्हें नगरपालिकाओं को सौंपा जा सकता है।

Correct Answer: (4) It contains 18 subjects that may be entrusted to Municipalities.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The Eleventh Schedule contains 29 subjects for Panchayats.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - The Twelfth Schedule concerns Municipalities.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - It contains 18, not 12, subjects.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - The Twelfth Schedule contains 18 subjects under Article 243W.

23 Which Article deals with the powers, authority and responsibilities of Municipalities?

1. Article 243T

   अनुच्छेद 243T

2. Article 243W

   अनुच्छेद 243W

3. Article 243X

   अनुच्छेद 243X

4. Article 243ZA

   अनुच्छेद 243ZA

Correct Answer: (2) Article 243W

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Article 243T concerns reservation of seats in Municipalities.
2. Statement 2 (✅) - Article 243W deals with powers, authority and responsibilities of Municipalities.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Article 243X concerns power to impose taxes by Municipalities.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Article 243ZA deals with elections to Municipalities.

24 Which of the following statements about reservation in Municipalities is correct?

1. Article 243T provides no reservation for SCs and STs.

   अनुच्छेद 243T अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों के लिए कोई आरक्षण प्रदान नहीं करता।

2. Women can never be reserved seats in Municipalities.

   नगरपालिकाओं में महिलाओं के लिए कभी भी सीटें आरक्षित नहीं की जा सकतीं।

3. Article 243T provides for reservation of seats for SCs and STs and not less than one-third of directly elected seats for women.

   अनुच्छेद 243T अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों के लिए सीटों तथा प्रत्यक्ष चुनाव से भरी जाने वाली कम से कम एक-तिहाई सीटों के महिलाओं के लिए आरक्षण का प्रावधान करता है।

4. Reservation in Municipalities is exclusively a matter under the Union List.

   नगरपालिकाओं में आरक्षण विशेष रूप से संघ सूची का विषय है।

Correct Answer: (3) Article 243T provides for reservation of seats for SCs and STs and not less than one-third of directly elected seats for women.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Article 243T expressly provides reservation for SCs and STs.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - The Constitution provides a minimum one-third reservation for women in directly elected Municipal seats.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - This accurately reflects the constitutional reservation framework under Article 243T.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Local government is primarily within the State sphere, subject to the constitutional framework.

25 Which constitutional body is responsible for reviewing the financial position of Panchayats and Municipalities and recommending principles for distribution of certain revenues?

1. Election Commission of India

   भारत निर्वाचन आयोग

2. Finance Commission of India only

   केवल भारत का वित्त आयोग

3. State Finance Commission

   राज्य वित्त आयोग

4. State Public Service Commission

   राज्य लोक सेवा आयोग

Correct Answer: (3) State Finance Commission

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The Election Commission deals with elections, not local-body financial devolution.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - The relevant constitutional institution at the State level is the State Finance Commission.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - Article 243I provides for a State Finance Commission for Panchayats, and Article 243Y extends the relevant framework to Municipalities.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - State Public Service Commissions deal primarily with recruitment and related service matters.

26 The State Finance Commission is constituted by the Governor at intervals of:

1. Every two years

   प्रत्येक दो वर्ष

2. Every three years

   प्रत्येक तीन वर्ष

3. Every ten years

   प्रत्येक दस वर्ष

4. Every five years

   प्रत्येक पांच वर्ष

Correct Answer: (4) Every five years

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The Constitution does not prescribe a two-year interval.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - The constitutional interval is five years.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Ten years is not the prescribed interval.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - Under Article 243I, the Governor constitutes a State Finance Commission every five years.

27 Which of the following statements about the State Finance Commission is correct?

1. It is appointed by the President.

   इसकी नियुक्ति राष्ट्रपति करते हैं।

2. It recommends principles governing the distribution between the State and Panchayats of the net proceeds of taxes, duties, tolls and fees leviable by the State.

   यह राज्य और पंचायतों के बीच राज्य द्वारा लगाए जाने वाले करों, शुल्कों, पथकरों और फीस की शुद्ध आय के वितरण के सिद्धांतों की सिफारिश करता है।

3. It conducts Panchayat elections.

   यह पंचायत चुनाव कराता है।

4. It audits the accounts of all Panchayats directly.

   यह सभी पंचायतों के खातों का सीधे लेखा-परीक्षण करता है।

Correct Answer: (2) It recommends principles governing the distribution between the State and Panchayats of the net proceeds of taxes, duties, tolls and fees leviable by the State.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The Governor constitutes the State Finance Commission.
2. Statement 2 (✅) - Financial devolution between the State and Panchayats is a core function under Article 243I.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Panchayat elections are under the State Election Commission.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Direct constitutional responsibility for auditing all Panchayat accounts is not the defining function of the State Finance Commission.

28 Which of the following correctly describes Article 243H?

1. It deals with Panchayat elections.

   यह पंचायत चुनावों से संबंधित है।

2. It provides for reservation in Panchayats.

   यह पंचायतों में आरक्षण का प्रावधान करता है।

3. It concerns the powers of Panchayats to impose taxes and the constitution of Panchayat funds, subject to State law.

   यह राज्य कानून के अधीन पंचायतों की कर लगाने की शक्तियों और पंचायत निधियों के गठन से संबंधित है।

4. It deals with Municipal Corporation elections.

   यह नगर निगम चुनावों से संबंधित है।

Correct Answer: (3) It concerns the powers of Panchayats to impose taxes and the constitution of Panchayat funds, subject to State law.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Panchayat elections are dealt with under Article 243K.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Reservation is dealt with under Article 243D.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - Article 243H deals with taxation powers and Panchayat funds.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Municipal elections are dealt with under Part IX-A.

29 Which of the following statements regarding the financial powers of Municipalities is correct?

1. Municipalities have unlimited constitutional power to impose any tax.

   नगरपालिकाओं को किसी भी कर को लगाने की असीमित संवैधानिक शक्ति प्राप्त है।

2. Municipalities cannot receive any State-assigned revenues.

   नगरपालिकाओं को राज्य द्वारा सौंपा गया कोई राजस्व प्राप्त नहीं हो सकता।

3. State Legislatures may authorize Municipalities to levy, collect and appropriate taxes, duties, tolls and fees in accordance with law.

   राज्य विधानमंडल कानून के अनुसार नगरपालिकाओं को कर, शुल्क, पथकर और फीस लगाने, एकत्र करने तथा विनियोजित करने के लिए अधिकृत कर सकते हैं।

4. Only Parliament can authorize Municipal taxation.

   केवल संसद नगरपालिकाओं को कर लगाने के लिए अधिकृत कर सकती है।

Correct Answer: (3) State Legislatures may authorize Municipalities to levy, collect and appropriate taxes, duties, tolls and fees in accordance with law.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Municipal taxation is subject to constitutional and State-law limitations.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Municipalities may receive State-assigned revenues and grants according to the constitutional and statutory framework.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - Article 243X provides for such authorization by State Legislatures.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - The primary constitutional authorization is through State law, not Parliament alone.

30 Which of the following statements about District Planning Committee is correct?

1. It is constituted only in metropolitan areas.

   यह केवल महानगरीय क्षेत्रों में गठित की जाती है।

2. It prepares only the Union Budget.

   यह केवल केंद्रीय बजट तैयार करती है।

3. It consolidates the plans prepared by Panchayats and Municipalities in the district and prepares a draft development plan for the district as a whole.

   यह जिले में पंचायतों और नगरपालिकाओं द्वारा तैयार योजनाओं को समेकित करके पूरे जिले के लिए एक प्रारूप विकास योजना तैयार करती है।

4. It replaces the State Finance Commission.

   यह राज्य वित्त आयोग का स्थान लेती है।

Correct Answer: (3) It consolidates the plans prepared by Panchayats and Municipalities in the district and prepares a draft development plan for the district as a whole.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - District Planning Committees concern districts generally; Metropolitan Planning Committees are a separate constitutional institution.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - It deals with district-level development planning, not the Union Budget.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - Article 243ZD provides for the District Planning Committee.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - It is separate from the State Finance Commission.

31 Under Article 243ZD, what proportion of the members of a District Planning Committee shall be elected from among the elected members of Panchayats and Municipalities in the district?

1. Not less than one-half

   कम से कम आधे

2. Not less than one-third

   कम से कम एक-तिहाई

3. Not less than two-thirds

   कम से कम दो-तिहाई

4. Not less than four-fifths

   कम से कम चार-पांचवां

Correct Answer: (4) Not less than four-fifths

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The Constitution requires a higher proportion than one-half.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - One-third is not the constitutional proportion for DPC membership.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - The constitutional requirement is four-fifths.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - Not less than four-fifths of the members of a DPC are to be elected from among elected members of Panchayats and Municipalities in the district.

32 Which of the following statements regarding the Metropolitan Planning Committee is correct?

1. It is constituted for every village.

   यह प्रत्येक गांव के लिए गठित की जाती है।

2. It is constituted in every metropolitan area to prepare a draft development plan for the metropolitan area as a whole.

   यह प्रत्येक महानगरीय क्षेत्र में पूरे महानगरीय क्षेत्र के लिए प्रारूप विकास योजना तैयार करने हेतु गठित की जाती है।

3. It conducts elections to Municipalities.

   यह नगरपालिकाओं के चुनाव कराती है।

4. It replaces Municipal Corporations.

   यह नगर निगमों का स्थान लेती है।

Correct Answer: (2) It is constituted in every metropolitan area to prepare a draft development plan for the metropolitan area as a whole.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Metropolitan Planning Committees concern metropolitan areas, not villages.
2. Statement 2 (✅) - Article 243ZE provides for a Metropolitan Planning Committee for every metropolitan area.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Municipal elections are under the State Election Commission.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - An MPC is a planning body and does not replace Municipal Corporations.

33 Which one of the following is the correct constitutional population threshold for a metropolitan area?

1. Five lakh or more

   पांच लाख या अधिक

2. Ten lakh or more

   दस लाख या अधिक

3. Ten lakh or more, as specified in Article 243P for a metropolitan area

   अनुच्छेद 243P के अनुसार दस लाख या अधिक जनसंख्या वाला क्षेत्र

4. Twenty lakh or more

   बीस लाख या अधिक

Correct Answer: (3) Ten lakh or more, as specified in Article 243P for a metropolitan area

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Five lakh is not the constitutional threshold for a metropolitan area.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - The threshold is ten lakh, but this statement lacks the precise constitutional context presented in Statement 3.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - Article 243P defines metropolitan area as an area having a population of ten lakhs or more, comprising one or more districts and consisting of two or more Municipalities or Panchayats or other contiguous areas.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Twenty lakh is not the constitutional threshold for defining a metropolitan area.

34 Which of the following statements about Article 243O is correct?

1. Courts may freely question the validity of delimitation orders during Panchayat elections.

   पंचायत चुनावों के दौरान न्यायालय परिसीमन आदेशों की वैधता पर स्वतंत्र रूप से प्रश्न उठा सकते हैं।

2. It provides for judicial review of every election dispute by the Supreme Court directly.

   यह प्रत्येक चुनाव विवाद की सीधे सर्वोच्च न्यायालय द्वारा न्यायिक समीक्षा का प्रावधान करता है।

3. The validity of laws relating to delimitation or allotment of seats in Panchayats cannot be questioned in court, and elections can generally be challenged only through an election petition as provided by State law.

   पंचायतों के परिसीमन या सीटों के आवंटन से संबंधित कानूनों की वैधता को न्यायालय में प्रश्नगत नहीं किया जा सकता और चुनावों को सामान्यतः राज्य कानून द्वारा निर्धारित चुनाव याचिका के माध्यम से ही चुनौती दी जा सकती है।

4. Article 243O abolishes all judicial remedies concerning Panchayat elections.

   अनुच्छेद 243O पंचायत चुनावों से संबंधित सभी न्यायिक उपायों को समाप्त करता है।

Correct Answer: (3) The validity of laws relating to delimitation or allotment of seats in Panchayats cannot be questioned in court, and elections can generally be challenged only through an election petition as provided by State law.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Article 243O restricts judicial interference in delimitation and allotment matters.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - It does not create a direct Supreme Court election-dispute mechanism.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - Article 243O contains both the delimitation/allotment bar and the election-petition principle.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - It does not eliminate all judicial remedies; election disputes may be raised through the prescribed election-petition mechanism.

35 Which of the following statements regarding the State Election Commission and local-body elections is correct?

1. The State Election Commission is subordinate to the Election Commission of India.

   राज्य निर्वाचन आयोग भारत निर्वाचन आयोग के अधीन होता है।

2. The Governor has complete control over local-body elections.

   राज्यपाल का स्थानीय निकाय चुनावों पर पूर्ण नियंत्रण होता है।

3. The State Election Commission conducts only Municipal elections and not Panchayat elections.

   राज्य निर्वाचन आयोग केवल नगरपालिका चुनाव कराता है, पंचायत चुनाव नहीं।

4. The State Election Commission has constitutional responsibility for elections to Panchayats and Municipalities.

   राज्य निर्वाचन आयोग पर पंचायतों और नगरपालिकाओं के चुनावों की संवैधानिक जिम्मेदारी होती है।

Correct Answer: (4) The State Election Commission has constitutional responsibility for elections to Panchayats and Municipalities.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The State Election Commission is a constitutionally distinct institution.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - The Governor has specified constitutional roles but does not have complete control over local-body elections.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - The State Election Commission conducts elections to both Panchayats and Municipalities.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - Articles 243K and 243ZA provide for the State Election Commission's role in local-body elections.

36 Which of the following statements correctly describes the relationship between the 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments?

1. Both amendments dealt exclusively with Panchayats.

   दोनों संशोधन केवल पंचायतों से संबंधित थे।

2. Both amendments dealt exclusively with Municipalities.

   दोनों संशोधन केवल नगरपालिकाओं से संबंधित थे।

3. The 73rd Amendment dealt with rural local government, while the 74th Amendment dealt with urban local government.

   73वां संशोधन ग्रामीण स्थानीय शासन से, जबकि 74वां संशोधन शहरी स्थानीय शासन से संबंधित था।

4. The 73rd Amendment dealt with Municipalities and the 74th with Panchayats.

   73वां संशोधन नगरपालिकाओं और 74वां संशोधन पंचायतों से संबंधित था।

Correct Answer: (3) The 73rd Amendment dealt with rural local government, while the 74th Amendment dealt with urban local government.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The 74th Amendment concerns urban local bodies.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - The 73rd Amendment concerns Panchayati Raj institutions.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - This is the basic distinction between the two landmark amendments.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - The subjects are reversed in this statement.

37 Which of the following subjects is included in the Eleventh Schedule and may be entrusted to Panchayats?

1. Defence of India

   भारत की रक्षा

2. Atomic energy

   परमाणु ऊर्जा

3. Foreign affairs

   विदेश मामले

4. Agriculture

   कृषि

Correct Answer: (4) Agriculture

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Defence is a Union subject and is not an Eleventh Schedule subject.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Atomic energy is a Union subject.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Foreign affairs is a Union subject.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - Agriculture is one of the subjects listed in the Eleventh Schedule.

38 Which of the following subjects is included in the Twelfth Schedule?

1. Defence services

   रक्षा सेवाएं

2. Urban planning including town planning

   नगर एवं नगर नियोजन सहित शहरी नियोजन

3. Foreign affairs

   विदेश मामले

4. Currency and coinage

   मुद्रा और सिक्का निर्माण

Correct Answer: (2) Urban planning including town planning

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Defence is not a Twelfth Schedule subject.
2. Statement 2 (✅) - Urban planning, including town planning, is listed in the Twelfth Schedule.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Foreign affairs is a Union subject.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Currency and coinage are Union subjects.

39 Consider the following statements regarding the Directive Principle associated with local self-government. Which one is correct?

1. Article 40 directs the State to organize village Panchayats and endow them with powers necessary to function as units of self-government.

   अनुच्छेद 40 राज्य को ग्राम पंचायतों का संगठन करने और उन्हें स्वशासन की इकाइयों के रूप में कार्य करने के लिए आवश्यक शक्तियां प्रदान करने का निर्देश देता है।

2. Article 40 is a Fundamental Right.

   अनुच्छेद 40 एक मौलिक अधिकार है।

3. Article 40 deals with Municipal Corporations only.

   अनुच्छेद 40 केवल नगर निगमों से संबंधित है।

4. Article 40 was inserted by the 74th Amendment.

   अनुच्छेद 40 को 74वें संशोधन द्वारा जोड़ा गया था।

Correct Answer: (1) Article 40 directs the State to organize village Panchayats and endow them with powers necessary to function as units of self-government.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (✅) - Article 40 is the key Directive Principle relating to village Panchayats and local self-government.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Article 40 is a Directive Principle of State Policy, not a Fundamental Right.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Article 40 specifically refers to village Panchayats.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Article 40 was part of the original Constitution.

40 Which of the following statements correctly distinguishes Gram Sabha from Gram Panchayat?

1. Gram Sabha consists only of elected representatives, while Gram Panchayat consists of all voters.

   ग्राम सभा में केवल निर्वाचित प्रतिनिधि होते हैं, जबकि ग्राम पंचायत में सभी मतदाता होते हैं।

2. Both are constitutionally identical bodies with exactly the same composition.

   दोनों संवैधानिक रूप से समान निकाय हैं और उनकी संरचना बिल्कुल एक जैसी है।

3. Gram Sabha is the body of registered voters at the village level, whereas Gram Panchayat is the elected Panchayat institution at that level.

   ग्राम सभा ग्राम स्तर के पंजीकृत मतदाताओं का निकाय है, जबकि ग्राम पंचायत उस स्तर की निर्वाचित पंचायत संस्था है।

4. Gram Sabha is an urban body and Gram Panchayat is a State-level body.

   ग्राम सभा एक शहरी निकाय और ग्राम पंचायत राज्य स्तरीय निकाय है।

Correct Answer: (3) Gram Sabha is the body of registered voters at the village level, whereas Gram Panchayat is the elected Panchayat institution at that level.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The composition is reversed.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Gram Sabha and Gram Panchayat are distinct concepts.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - Gram Sabha represents the registered electorate, while Gram Panchayat is the elected local-government institution.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Both are associated with rural local self-government at the village level.

41 Which of the following statements regarding the intermediate level of Panchayati Raj is correct?

1. It is mandatory even in States with a population below twenty lakhs.

   बीस लाख से कम जनसंख्या वाले राज्यों में भी यह अनिवार्य है।

2. A State having a population not exceeding twenty lakhs may choose not to constitute Panchayats at the intermediate level.

   बीस लाख से अधिक न होने वाली जनसंख्या वाला राज्य मध्यवर्ती स्तर पर पंचायतों का गठन न करने का विकल्प चुन सकता है।

3. It refers to the Municipal Corporation level.

   यह नगर निगम स्तर को संदर्भित करता है।

4. It is the same as the Gram Sabha.

   यह ग्राम सभा के समान है।

Correct Answer: (2) A State having a population not exceeding twenty lakhs may choose not to constitute Panchayats at the intermediate level.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The Constitution specifically permits the omission of the intermediate level for such States.
2. Statement 2 (✅) - Article 243B contains this population-based exception.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Municipal Corporation is an urban local body.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Gram Sabha and the intermediate Panchayat are distinct institutions.

42 Which of the following statements regarding the composition of Panchayats is correct?

1. The Constitution itself fixes an identical number of members for every Panchayat throughout India.

   संविधान पूरे भारत में प्रत्येक पंचायत के लिए सदस्यों की समान संख्या निर्धारित करता है।

2. Parliament alone determines the composition of every Panchayat.

   प्रत्येक पंचायत की संरचना केवल संसद निर्धारित करती है।

3. The President determines the number of Panchayat members for every State.

   राष्ट्रपति प्रत्येक राज्य के लिए पंचायत सदस्यों की संख्या निर्धारित करते हैं।

4. The State Legislature determines the composition of Panchayats by law, subject to the constitutional framework.

   राज्य विधानमंडल संवैधानिक ढांचे के अधीन कानून द्वारा पंचायतों की संरचना निर्धारित करता है।

Correct Answer: (4) The State Legislature determines the composition of Panchayats by law, subject to the constitutional framework.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The Constitution does not prescribe identical membership numbers for every Panchayat.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Panchayat composition is primarily governed by State legislation within constitutional limits.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - The President does not determine the detailed composition of Panchayats.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - Article 243C provides the constitutional framework for composition, with details determined by State law.

43 Which of the following statements about the right to vote in local-body elections is correct?

1. The Constitution directly fixes a separate voting age for Panchayat elections.

   संविधान पंचायत चुनावों के लिए अलग मतदान आयु सीधे निर्धारित करता है।

2. Only government employees can vote in Panchayat elections.

   केवल सरकारी कर्मचारी पंचायत चुनावों में मतदान कर सकते हैं।

3. The electoral process for Panchayats and Municipalities is governed through State electoral laws and the constitutional framework administered by the State Election Commission.

   पंचायतों और नगरपालिकाओं की चुनावी प्रक्रिया राज्य के निर्वाचन कानूनों और राज्य निर्वाचन आयोग द्वारा प्रशासित संवैधानिक ढांचे के अनुसार संचालित होती है।

4. The Election Commission of India conducts all local-body elections.

   भारत निर्वाचन आयोग सभी स्थानीय निकाय चुनाव कराता है।

Correct Answer: (3) The electoral process for Panchayats and Municipalities is governed through State electoral laws and the constitutional framework administered by the State Election Commission.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The Constitution does not prescribe a separate local-body voting age distinct from the general constitutional voting framework.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Eligible electors, not merely government employees, participate in local elections.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - Local-body elections operate under the State constitutional and statutory framework and are supervised by the State Election Commission.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - The State Election Commission, not the Election Commission of India, conducts Panchayat and Municipality elections.

44 Which of the following statements about the application of Part IX to Scheduled and Tribal Areas is correct?

1. Part IX automatically applies in exactly the same manner to all Scheduled Areas.

   भाग IX सभी अनुसूचित क्षेत्रों में बिल्कुल उसी प्रकार स्वतः लागू होता है।

2. Part IX does not automatically apply to Scheduled Areas and tribal areas referred to in Article 244, subject to the constitutional framework and special legislation such as the PESA Act.

   भाग IX अनुच्छेद 244 में उल्लिखित अनुसूचित क्षेत्रों और जनजातीय क्षेत्रों पर स्वतः लागू नहीं होता; यह संवैधानिक ढांचे और PESA जैसे विशेष कानूनों के अधीन है।

3. Part IX applies only to urban areas.

   भाग IX केवल शहरी क्षेत्रों पर लागू होता है।

4. Part IX abolished the Fifth and Sixth Schedules.

   भाग IX ने पांचवीं और छठी अनुसूचियों को समाप्त कर दिया।

Correct Answer: (2) Part IX does not automatically apply to Scheduled Areas and tribal areas referred to in Article 244, subject to the constitutional framework and special legislation such as the PESA Act.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The Constitution contains specific exclusions and enables special treatment for these areas.
2. Statement 2 (✅) - Article 243M excludes certain Scheduled and Tribal Areas from the automatic application of Part IX; PESA provides a special framework for Scheduled Areas.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Part IX deals with rural local government.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - The 73rd Amendment did not abolish the Fifth or Sixth Schedules.

45 The Panchayats (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996 is popularly known as:

1. FRA Act

   FRA अधिनियम

2. 73A Act

   73A अधिनियम

3. PESA Act

   PESA अधिनियम

4. Fifth Amendment Act

   पांचवां संशोधन अधिनियम

Correct Answer: (3) PESA Act

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - FRA refers to the Forest Rights Act, 2006, a different law.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - There is no such standard name for the 1996 law.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - The Panchayats (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996 is commonly called PESA.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - PESA is an ordinary parliamentary legislation extending Panchayati Raj provisions with modifications to Scheduled Areas.

46 Which of the following statements about PESA is correct?

1. It extends Part IX to Scheduled Areas without any modification.

   यह भाग IX को बिना किसी संशोधन के अनुसूचित क्षेत्रों तक विस्तारित करता है।

2. It applies exclusively to Municipal Corporations.

   यह केवल नगर निगमों पर लागू होता है।

3. It abolished the Gram Sabha in Scheduled Areas.

   इसने अनुसूचित क्षेत्रों में ग्राम सभा को समाप्त कर दिया।

4. It extends Panchayati Raj provisions to Scheduled Areas with special provisions recognizing the role and powers of Gram Sabhas and tribal communities.

   यह अनुसूचित क्षेत्रों में विशेष प्रावधानों के साथ पंचायती राज व्यवस्था का विस्तार करता है और ग्राम सभाओं तथा जनजातीय समुदायों की भूमिका और शक्तियों को मान्यता देता है।

Correct Answer: (4) It extends Panchayati Raj provisions to Scheduled Areas with special provisions recognizing the role and powers of Gram Sabhas and tribal communities.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - PESA extends Part IX with modifications and special provisions.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - PESA concerns Panchayati Raj in Scheduled Areas, not Municipal Corporations.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - PESA strengthens the role of Gram Sabha rather than abolishing it.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - Recognition of Gram Sabha and tribal customary practices is a central feature of PESA.

47 Which of the following statements regarding local self-government in Bihar is correct?

1. Bihar has no constitutional framework for Panchayati Raj institutions.

   बिहार में पंचायती राज संस्थाओं के लिए कोई संवैधानिक ढांचा नहीं है।

2. All local-body elections in Bihar are conducted by the Election Commission of India.

   बिहार में सभी स्थानीय निकाय चुनाव भारत निर्वाचन आयोग द्वारा कराए जाते हैं।

3. Bihar has a three-tier Panchayati Raj structure consisting of Gram Panchayat, Panchayat Samiti and Zila Parishad.

   बिहार में ग्राम पंचायत, पंचायत समिति और जिला परिषद से युक्त त्रिस्तरीय पंचायती राज व्यवस्था है।

4. Bihar has only Gram Panchayats and no district-level Panchayat institution.

   बिहार में केवल ग्राम पंचायतें हैं और जिला स्तर की कोई पंचायत संस्था नहीं है।

Correct Answer: (3) Bihar has a three-tier Panchayati Raj structure consisting of Gram Panchayat, Panchayat Samiti and Zila Parishad.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Bihar's Panchayati Raj institutions operate within the constitutional framework of Part IX.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Local-body elections are conducted by the Bihar State Election Commission, as part of the constitutional State Election Commission framework.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - Bihar follows the three-tier rural Panchayati Raj structure of Gram Panchayat, Panchayat Samiti and Zila Parishad.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Zila Parishad is the district-level Panchayati Raj institution.

48 Which of the following statements about the 11th and 12th Schedules is correct?

1. The Eleventh Schedule contains 18 subjects and the Twelfth contains 29 subjects.

   ग्यारहवीं अनुसूची में 18 विषय और बारहवीं अनुसूची में 29 विषय हैं।

2. The Eleventh Schedule contains 29 subjects relating to Panchayats, while the Twelfth Schedule contains 18 subjects relating to Municipalities.

   ग्यारहवीं अनुसूची में पंचायतों से संबंधित 29 विषय, जबकि बारहवीं अनुसूची में नगरपालिकाओं से संबंधित 18 विषय हैं।

3. Both Schedules contain exactly the same subjects.

   दोनों अनुसूचियों में बिल्कुल समान विषय हैं।

4. Both Schedules concern only Parliament.

   दोनों अनुसूचियां केवल संसद से संबंधित हैं।

Correct Answer: (2) The Eleventh Schedule contains 29 subjects relating to Panchayats, while the Twelfth Schedule contains 18 subjects relating to Municipalities.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The numbers are reversed.
2. Statement 2 (✅) - The Eleventh Schedule has 29 Panchayat subjects and the Twelfth Schedule has 18 Municipal subjects.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - The two Schedules deal with different spheres of local government.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Neither Schedule is primarily concerned with Parliament.

49 Consider the following statements about constitutional provisions for local self-government. Which one is correct?

1. Part IX deals with Municipalities and Part IX-A deals with Panchayats.

   भाग IX नगरपालिकाओं और भाग IX-A पंचायतों से संबंधित है।

2. Article 243K deals with State Finance Commission.

   अनुच्छेद 243K राज्य वित्त आयोग से संबंधित है।

3. Article 243I deals with elections to Panchayats.

   अनुच्छेद 243I पंचायतों के चुनाव से संबंधित है।

4. Part IX deals with Panchayats, Part IX-A deals with Municipalities, Article 243I concerns State Finance Commission for Panchayats, and Article 243K concerns Panchayat elections.

   भाग IX पंचायतों, भाग IX-A नगरपालिकाओं, अनुच्छेद 243I पंचायतों के लिए राज्य वित्त आयोग और अनुच्छेद 243K पंचायत चुनावों से संबंधित है।

Correct Answer: (4) Part IX deals with Panchayats, Part IX-A deals with Municipalities, Article 243I concerns State Finance Commission for Panchayats, and Article 243K concerns Panchayat elections.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The subjects are reversed.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Article 243K concerns elections to Panchayats; Article 243I concerns the State Finance Commission.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Article 243I concerns the State Finance Commission; Panchayat elections are under Article 243K.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - All the constitutional article-Part relationships stated here are correct.

50 Consider the following statements regarding Local Self-Government in India. Which one is correct?

1. The 73rd Amendment deals with Panchayats, the 74th with Municipalities, and both provide constitutional frameworks for local self-government.

   73वां संशोधन पंचायतों और 74वां संशोधन नगरपालिकाओं से संबंधित है तथा दोनों स्थानीय स्वशासन के लिए संवैधानिक ढांचा प्रदान करते हैं।

2. The State Election Commission is responsible for conducting elections to Panchayats and Municipalities.

   राज्य निर्वाचन आयोग पंचायतों और नगरपालिकाओं के चुनाव कराने के लिए जिम्मेदार है।

3. The State Finance Commission periodically reviews the finances of local bodies and recommends principles of financial devolution.

   राज्य वित्त आयोग समय-समय पर स्थानीय निकायों की वित्तीय स्थिति की समीक्षा करता है और वित्तीय हस्तांतरण के सिद्धांतों की सिफारिश करता है।

4. All of the above

   उपरोक्त सभी

Correct Answer: (4) All of the above

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (✅) - The 73rd Amendment constitutionalized Panchayats through Part IX, while the 74th Amendment constitutionalized Municipalities through Part IX-A.
2. Statement 2 (✅) - Articles 243K and 243ZA provide the State Election Commission with responsibility for local-body elections.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - Articles 243I and 243Y provide for the State Finance Commission's role concerning Panchayats and Municipalities.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - The option is the correct combination because Statements 1, 2 and 3 are all correct.

1 Match the Following:

73rd Constitutional Amendment 74th Constitutional Amendment Part IX of the Constitution Part IX-A of the Constitution

Panchayats Municipalities Rural Local Government Urban Local Government Cooperative Societies

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	A	B	C	D
(B)	A	B	A	B
(C)	C	D	A	B
(D)	B	A	D	C

Correct Answer: (B)

1. 73rd Constitutional Amendment - A - It gave constitutional status to Panchayats..
2. 74th Constitutional Amendment - B - It gave constitutional status to Municipalities..
3. Part IX of the Constitution - A - It deals with Panchayats..
4. Part IX-A of the Constitution - B - It deals with Municipalities..

2 Match the Following:

Gram Sabha Gram Panchayat Panchayat Samiti Zila Parishad

District level Village level Intermediate level Electoral body of village State level

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	D	C	A
(B)	D	C	A	B
(C)	D	B	C	A
(D)	C	B	D	A

Correct Answer: (C)

1. Gram Sabha - D - It consists of persons registered in the electoral rolls of a village-level Panchayat area..
2. Gram Panchayat - B - It functions at the village level..
3. Panchayat Samiti - C - It functions at the intermediate level..
4. Zila Parishad - A - It functions at the district level..

3 Match the Following:

Article 243A Article 243B Article 243C Article 243D

Constitution of Panchayats Gram Sabha Composition of Panchayats Reservation of seats Finance Commission

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	A	C	D
(B)	A	B	D	C
(C)	C	A	B	D
(D)	D	C	A	B

Correct Answer: (A)

1. Article 243A - B - It deals with Gram Sabha..
2. Article 243B - A - It provides for the constitution of Panchayats..
3. Article 243C - C - It deals with the composition of Panchayats..
4. Article 243D - D - It provides for reservation of seats..

4 Match the Following:

Article 243E Article 243F Article 243G Article 243H

Disqualifications Duration of Panchayats Powers and responsibilities Powers to impose taxes State Election Commission

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	C	A	B	D
(B)	B	A	C	D
(C)	A	C	D	B
(D)	D	B	A	C

Correct Answer: (B)

1. Article 243E - B - It specifies the duration of Panchayats..
2. Article 243F - A - It deals with disqualifications for membership..
3. Article 243G - C - It concerns powers, authority and responsibilities of Panchayats..
4. Article 243H - D - It concerns powers to impose taxes and financial resources..

5 Match the Following:

Article 243I Article 243J Article 243K Article 243L

Audit of Panchayat accounts Application to Union Territories State Finance Commission State Election Commission Inter-State Council

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	A	C	D	B
(B)	C	A	B	D
(C)	C	A	D	B
(D)	D	B	C	A

Correct Answer: (C)

1. Article 243I - C - It provides for the State Finance Commission..
2. Article 243J - A - It concerns audit of Panchayat accounts..
3. Article 243K - D - It provides for the State Election Commission..
4. Article 243L - B - It deals with application to Union Territories..

6 Match the Following:

Article 243M Article 243N Article 243O Eleventh Schedule

Bar to interference by courts in electoral matters Continuance of existing laws and Panchayats Exceptions to Part IX 29 subjects 18 subjects

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	C	B	A	D
(B)	B	C	D	A
(C)	D	A	B	C
(D)	A	D	C	B

Correct Answer: (A)

1. Article 243M - C - It specifies exceptions to the application of Part IX..
2. Article 243N - B - It deals with continuance of existing laws and Panchayats..
3. Article 243O - A - It bars certain court interference in Panchayat electoral matters..
4. Eleventh Schedule - D - It contains 29 subjects for Panchayats..

7 Match the Following:

Article 243P Article 243Q Article 243R Article 243S

Composition of Municipalities Constitution of Municipalities Definitions Wards Committees Municipal taxation

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	A	B	C	D
(B)	C	B	A	D
(C)	D	A	B	C
(D)	B	C	D	A

Correct Answer: (B)

1. Article 243P - C - It contains definitions for Part IX-A..
2. Article 243Q - B - It provides for constitution of Municipalities..
3. Article 243R - A - It deals with composition of Municipalities..
4. Article 243S - D - It provides for Wards Committees..

8 Match the Following:

Nagar Panchayat Municipal Council Municipal Corporation Wards Committee

Transitional area Larger urban area Smaller urban area Area within municipality as prescribed Rural area

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	A	C	B	D
(B)	C	A	D	B
(C)	B	D	A	C
(D)	D	B	C	A

Correct Answer: (A)

1. Nagar Panchayat - A - It is for a transitional area moving from rural to urban..
2. Municipal Council - C - It is for a smaller urban area..
3. Municipal Corporation - B - It is for a larger urban area..
4. Wards Committee - D - It is constituted for prescribed municipal areas..

9 Match the Following:

Article 243T Article 243U Article 243V Article 243W

Duration of Municipalities Powers and responsibilities Reservation of seats Disqualifications Municipal Finance Commission

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	A	C	D	B
(B)	C	A	D	B
(C)	D	B	C	A
(D)	B	D	A	C

Correct Answer: (B)

1. Article 243T - C - It provides for reservation of seats in Municipalities..
2. Article 243U - A - It deals with duration of Municipalities..
3. Article 243V - D - It deals with disqualifications..
4. Article 243W - B - It concerns powers and responsibilities of Municipalities..

10 Match the Following:

Article 243X Article 243Y Article 243ZA Twelfth Schedule

Municipal elections Municipal taxation and funds 18 subjects Finance Commission 29 subjects

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	D	A	C
(B)	D	B	C	A
(C)	A	C	D	B
(D)	C	A	B	D

Correct Answer: (A)

1. Article 243X - B - It concerns municipal taxation and municipal funds..
2. Article 243Y - D - It extends the State Finance Commission provisions to Municipalities..
3. Article 243ZA - A - It deals with elections to Municipalities..
4. Twelfth Schedule - C - It contains 18 subjects for Municipalities..

11 Match the Following:

Article 243ZB Article 243ZC Article 243ZD Article 243ZE

District Planning Committee Application to Union Territories Exceptions to Part IX-A Metropolitan Planning Committee Municipal audit

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	C	B	A	D
(B)	B	C	A	D
(C)	D	A	C	B
(D)	A	D	B	C

Correct Answer: (B)

1. Article 243ZB - B - It deals with application of Part IX-A to Union Territories..
2. Article 243ZC - C - It specifies exceptions to Part IX-A..
3. Article 243ZD - A - It provides for District Planning Committees..
4. Article 243ZE - D - It provides for Metropolitan Planning Committees..

12 Match the Following:

Article 243ZF Article 243ZG Eleventh Schedule Twelfth Schedule

18 municipal subjects Bar to court interference in municipal elections 29 Panchayat subjects Continuance of existing municipal laws State Election Commission

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	D	B	C	A
(B)	B	D	A	C
(C)	C	A	D	B
(D)	A	C	B	D

Correct Answer: (A)

1. Article 243ZF - D - It deals with continuance of existing municipal laws and Municipalities..
2. Article 243ZG - B - It bars certain court interference in municipal electoral matters..
3. Eleventh Schedule - C - It contains 29 subjects assigned to Panchayats..
4. Twelfth Schedule - A - It contains 18 subjects assigned to Municipalities..

13 Match the Following:

73rd Amendment 74th Amendment Eleventh Schedule Twelfth Schedule

Urban planning Rural development 29 subjects 18 subjects Fundamental Duties

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	A	D	C
(B)	B	A	C	D
(C)	C	D	B	A
(D)	D	C	A	B

Correct Answer: (B)

1. 73rd Amendment - B - It strengthened rural local self-government..
2. 74th Amendment - A - It strengthened urban local self-government..
3. Eleventh Schedule - C - It contains 29 subjects..
4. Twelfth Schedule - D - It contains 18 subjects..

14 Match the Following:

Reservation for SCs in Panchayats Reservation for STs in Panchayats Reservation for women Reservation for backward classes

May be provided by State Legislature Proportionate to population At least one-third Proportionate to ST population Exactly one-half in every State

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	D	C	A
(B)	D	B	A	C
(C)	C	A	D	B
(D)	A	C	B	D

Correct Answer: (A)

1. Reservation for SCs in Panchayats - B - Seats are reserved in proportion to their population..
2. Reservation for STs in Panchayats - D - Seats are reserved in proportion to their population..
3. Reservation for women - C - At least one-third of seats are reserved for women..
4. Reservation for backward classes - A - The State Legislature may provide such reservation..

15 Match the Following:

Reservation of Panchayat chairperson offices Reservation of Municipal chairperson offices Reservation of one-third Panchayat seats for women Reservation of SC/ST seats

Based on population proportion As provided by State Legislature At least one-third By constitutional provision Only through Parliament

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	C	B	D	A
(B)	A	D	C	B
(C)	B	B	C	A
(D)	D	A	B	C

Correct Answer: (C)

1. Reservation of Panchayat chairperson offices - B - The manner is determined by the State Legislature subject to constitutional requirements..
2. Reservation of Municipal chairperson offices - B - The State Legislature determines the reservation framework subject to constitutional provisions..
3. Reservation of one-third Panchayat seats for women - C - At least one-third of seats are constitutionally reserved for women..
4. Reservation of SC/ST seats - A - It is linked to the population of SCs and STs in the Panchayat area..

16 Match the Following:

Normal term of Panchayat Normal term of Municipality Election after dissolution Minimum age for Panchayat membership

21 years Five years Six months in specified cases Immediately after dissolution in all cases Ten years

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	B	C	A
(B)	C	B	A	D
(C)	A	C	D	B
(D)	D	A	B	C

Correct Answer: (A)

1. Normal term of Panchayat - B - A Panchayat ordinarily continues for five years..
2. Normal term of Municipality - B - A Municipality ordinarily continues for five years..
3. Election after dissolution - C - Election is generally completed before expiry of six months from dissolution, subject to the constitutional exception..
4. Minimum age for Panchayat membership - A - The minimum age is 21 years..

17 Match the Following:

State Election Commission State Finance Commission District Planning Committee Metropolitan Planning Committee

Consolidates district-level development plans Reviews local government finances Conducts local body elections Prepares metropolitan development plan Audits CAG accounts

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	C	B	A	D
(B)	B	C	D	A
(C)	D	A	B	C
(D)	A	D	C	B

Correct Answer: (A)

1. State Election Commission - C - It conducts elections to local bodies..
2. State Finance Commission - B - It reviews the financial position of Panchayats and Municipalities..
3. District Planning Committee - A - It consolidates plans prepared by Panchayats and Municipalities at district level..
4. Metropolitan Planning Committee - D - It prepares a draft development plan for the metropolitan area..

18 Match the Following:

Article 243G Article 243W Article 243I Article 243Y

Finance Commission for Panchayats Functions of Municipalities Functions of Panchayats Finance Commission for Municipalities Election Commission of India

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	C	A	D
(B)	C	B	A	D
(C)	D	A	B	C
(D)	A	D	C	B

Correct Answer: (B)

1. Article 243G - C - It concerns powers and responsibilities of Panchayats..
2. Article 243W - B - It concerns powers and responsibilities of Municipalities..
3. Article 243I - A - It provides for the State Finance Commission concerning Panchayats and local finances..
4. Article 243Y - D - It applies the State Finance Commission framework to Municipalities..

19 Match the Following:

Community Development Programme Balwant Rai Mehta Committee Ashok Mehta Committee 73rd Constitutional Amendment

1977 1952 1992 1957 1986

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	D	A	C
(B)	D	B	C	A
(C)	A	C	D	B
(D)	C	A	B	D

Correct Answer: (A)

1. Community Development Programme - B - It was launched in 1952..
2. Balwant Rai Mehta Committee - D - It submitted its report in 1957..
3. Ashok Mehta Committee - A - It submitted its report in 1977..
4. 73rd Constitutional Amendment - C - It was enacted in 1992..

20 Match the Following:

Balwant Rai Mehta Committee Ashok Mehta Committee G.V.K. Rao Committee L.M. Singhvi Committee

Constitutional recognition of Panchayats Two-tier Panchayati Raj Three-tier Panchayati Raj Strengthening district as key planning unit Municipal Corporation reform

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	C	D	A
(B)	C	B	D	A
(C)	D	A	C	B
(D)	A	D	B	C

Correct Answer: (B)

1. Balwant Rai Mehta Committee - C - It recommended a three-tier Panchayati Raj system..
2. Ashok Mehta Committee - B - It recommended a two-tier system..
3. G.V.K. Rao Committee - D - It emphasized the district as a key unit of planning and development..
4. L.M. Singhvi Committee - A - It advocated constitutional recognition for Panchayats..

21 Match the Following:

Article 243B Article 243Q Article 243D Article 243T

Reservation in Municipalities Constitution of Panchayats Constitution of Municipalities Reservation in Panchayats Municipal elections

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	C	D	A
(B)	C	B	A	D
(C)	D	A	C	B
(D)	A	D	B	C

Correct Answer: (A)

1. Article 243B - B - It provides for constitution of Panchayats..
2. Article 243Q - C - It provides for constitution of Municipalities..
3. Article 243D - D - It provides for reservation in Panchayats..
4. Article 243T - A - It provides for reservation in Municipalities..

22 Match the Following:

Village Panchayat Intermediate Panchayat District Panchayat Gram Sabha

Deliberative body of village electors Highest rural tier Basic rural local government institution Middle rural tier Urban local government

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	D	A	C
(B)	C	D	B	A
(C)	D	C	A	B
(D)	A	B	D	C

Correct Answer: (B)

1. Village Panchayat - C - It is the basic rural local government institution..
2. Intermediate Panchayat - D - It represents the middle tier..
3. District Panchayat - B - It is the highest rural tier..
4. Gram Sabha - A - It is the deliberative body of registered village electors..

23 Match the Following:

Article 243K Article 243ZA Article 324 State Election Commissioner

Election Commission of India Local body elections Constitutional authority under State framework Parliamentary elections Financial devolution

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	B	A	C
(B)	C	A	D	B
(C)	A	C	B	D
(D)	D	B	C	A

Correct Answer: (A)

1. Article 243K - B - It establishes the State Election Commission framework for Panchayat elections..
2. Article 243ZA - B - It concerns elections to Municipalities..
3. Article 324 - A - It provides for the Election Commission of India..
4. State Election Commissioner - C - The office functions within the constitutional framework governing State local body elections..

24 Match the Following:

District Planning Committee Metropolitan Planning Committee Gram Sabha Wards Committee

Urban ward-level participation District-level integrated planning Village-level participation Metropolitan-level integrated planning National-level planning

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	A	B	C	D
(B)	B	D	C	A
(C)	D	C	A	B
(D)	C	A	D	B

Correct Answer: (B)

1. District Planning Committee - B - It integrates rural and urban plans at district level..
2. Metropolitan Planning Committee - D - It prepares a development plan for a metropolitan area..
3. Gram Sabha - C - It enables participation of registered village electors..
4. Wards Committee - A - It provides representation and participation at the ward level..

25 Match the Following:

Eleventh Schedule subject Twelfth Schedule subject Both Schedules Eleventh Schedule total subjects

Urban planning 29 Agriculture 18 Public health

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	C	A	E	B
(B)	A	C	B	D
(C)	D	B	A	C
(D)	B	D	C	A

Correct Answer: (A)

1. Eleventh Schedule subject - C - Agriculture is included in the Eleventh Schedule..
2. Twelfth Schedule subject - A - Urban planning is included in the Twelfth Schedule..
3. Both Schedules - E - Public health appears in both schedules in relevant forms..
4. Eleventh Schedule total subjects - B - The Eleventh Schedule contains 29 subjects..

26 Match the Following:

Urban planning Rural housing Fire services Minor irrigation

Eleventh Schedule Twelfth Schedule Twelfth Schedule Eleventh Schedule Union List

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	A	C	D
(B)	A	B	D	C
(C)	C	D	A	B
(D)	D	C	B	A

Correct Answer: (A)

1. Urban planning - B - Urban planning is included in the Twelfth Schedule..
2. Rural housing - A - Rural housing is included in the Eleventh Schedule..
3. Fire services - C - Fire services are included in the Twelfth Schedule..
4. Minor irrigation - D - Minor irrigation is included in the Eleventh Schedule..

27 Match the Following:

Village sanitation Slum improvement Markets and fairs Urban forestry

Twelfth Schedule Eleventh Schedule Eleventh Schedule Twelfth Schedule State List only

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	A	D	C
(B)	B	A	C	A
(C)	C	D	B	A
(D)	D	B	A	C

Correct Answer: (B)

1. Village sanitation - B - Sanitation is included among Panchayat subjects in the Eleventh Schedule..
2. Slum improvement - A - Slum improvement is a Twelfth Schedule subject..
3. Markets and fairs - C - Markets and fairs are included in the Eleventh Schedule..
4. Urban forestry - A - Urban forestry is included in the Twelfth Schedule..

28 Match the Following:

Article 40 73rd Amendment 74th Amendment Article 243G

Organization of village Panchayats Urban local government Constitutional status to Panchayats Devolution of Panchayat functions Inter-State trade

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	A	C	B	D
(B)	B	A	C	D
(C)	D	B	A	C
(D)	C	D	A	B

Correct Answer: (A)

1. Article 40 - A - It directs the State to organize village Panchayats..
2. 73rd Amendment - C - It gave constitutional status to Panchayats..
3. 74th Amendment - B - It gave constitutional status to urban local bodies..
4. Article 243G - D - It enables devolution of powers and responsibilities to Panchayats..

29 Match the Following:

Part IX Part IX-A Article 40 Article 243A

Gram Sabha Directive Principle Panchayats Municipalities Fundamental Right

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	C	D	B	A
(B)	C	D	B	A
(C)	A	C	D	B
(D)	B	A	C	D

Correct Answer: (B)

1. Part IX - C - Part IX deals with Panchayats..
2. Part IX-A - D - Part IX-A deals with Municipalities..
3. Article 40 - B - It is a Directive Principle concerning village Panchayats..
4. Article 243A - A - It deals with Gram Sabha..

30 Match the Following:

Gram Sabha Gram Panchayat Municipal Corporation Municipal Council

Elected rural executive body Deliberative village assembly Smaller urban area Larger urban area District-level body

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	A	D	C
(B)	A	B	C	D
(C)	D	C	B	A
(D)	C	D	A	B

Correct Answer: (A)

1. Gram Sabha - B - It is the assembly of registered voters in the village Panchayat area..
2. Gram Panchayat - A - It is the elected village-level Panchayat..
3. Municipal Corporation - D - It is intended for larger urban areas..
4. Municipal Council - C - It is intended for smaller urban areas..

31 Match the Following:

State Finance Commission Central Finance Commission State Election Commission Election Commission of India

Constitutional authority for national elections Reviews State-local fiscal relations Conducts elections to local bodies Recommends Union-State financial distribution Audits local bodies directly in all cases

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	D	C	A
(B)	C	B	A	D
(C)	D	A	B	C
(D)	A	C	D	B

Correct Answer: (A)

1. State Finance Commission - B - It reviews the financial position of local bodies within the State..
2. Central Finance Commission - D - It recommends financial distribution between the Union and States and related grants..
3. State Election Commission - C - It conducts local body elections..
4. Election Commission of India - A - It conducts elections to Parliament, State Legislatures, and constitutional offices specified by law..

32 Match the Following:

Article 243I Article 243K Article 243Y Article 243ZA

Municipal elections State Finance Commission Panchayat elections Finance recommendations for Municipalities District planning

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	A	D	C
(B)	B	C	D	A
(C)	C	B	A	D
(D)	D	A	C	B

Correct Answer: (B)

1. Article 243I - B - It establishes the State Finance Commission..
2. Article 243K - C - It deals with elections to Panchayats..
3. Article 243Y - D - It applies the Finance Commission framework to Municipalities..
4. Article 243ZA - A - It deals with elections to Municipalities..

33 Match the Following:

District Planning Committee Metropolitan Planning Committee Article 243ZD Article 243ZE

Metropolitan planning District planning Constitutional basis for DPC Constitutional basis for MPC Village planning committee

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	A	C	D
(B)	A	B	D	C
(C)	C	D	A	B
(D)	D	C	B	A

Correct Answer: (A)

1. District Planning Committee - B - It works at the district level..
2. Metropolitan Planning Committee - A - It works at the metropolitan level..
3. Article 243ZD - C - It provides the constitutional basis for District Planning Committees..
4. Article 243ZE - D - It provides the constitutional basis for Metropolitan Planning Committees..

34 Match the Following:

Scheduled Areas Article 243M(1) Panchayats Extension to Scheduled Areas Act Gram Sabha in PESA areas

Special role in local governance Automatic application of all Part IX provisions without modification Extension of Panchayat provisions to Scheduled Areas Constitutional exception under Part IX Municipal governance

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	D	D	C	A
(B)	A	C	B	D
(C)	C	B	D	A
(D)	B	A	C	D

Correct Answer: (A)

1. Scheduled Areas - D - Scheduled Areas are among the areas to which Part IX does not automatically apply..
2. Article 243M(1) - D - It provides an exception concerning Scheduled Areas and certain other areas..
3. Panchayats Extension to Scheduled Areas Act - C - PESA extends Panchayat provisions to Scheduled Areas with special modifications..
4. Gram Sabha in PESA areas - A - PESA gives Gram Sabha significant powers in Scheduled Areas..

35 Match the Following:

Article 243M Article 243ZC Article 243O Article 243ZG

Bar on court interference in Panchayat elections Exceptions to Part IX-A Exceptions to Part IX Bar on court interference in municipal elections Judicial review of every election dispute by Supreme Court directly

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	C	D	A
(B)	C	B	A	D
(C)	D	A	C	B
(D)	A	D	B	C

Correct Answer: (B)

1. Article 243M - C - It specifies exceptions to Part IX..
2. Article 243ZC - B - It specifies exceptions to Part IX-A..
3. Article 243O - A - It bars specified court interference in Panchayat electoral matters..
4. Article 243ZG - D - It bars specified court interference in municipal electoral matters..

36 Match the Following:

Article 243F Article 243V Article 243E Article 243U

Disqualification for Municipality membership Duration of Panchayat Disqualification for Panchayat membership Duration of Municipality Municipal taxation

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	C	A	B	D
(B)	A	C	D	B
(C)	D	B	C	A
(D)	B	D	A	C

Correct Answer: (A)

1. Article 243F - C - It deals with disqualifications for Panchayat membership..
2. Article 243V - A - It deals with disqualifications for Municipality membership..
3. Article 243E - B - It specifies the duration of Panchayats..
4. Article 243U - D - It specifies the duration of Municipalities..

37 Match the Following:

Article 243H Article 243X Article 243I Article 243Y

Municipal taxation and funds State Finance Commission Panchayat taxation and funds Finance Commission recommendations applicable to Municipalities GST Council

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	A	C	B	D
(B)	C	A	B	D
(C)	D	B	C	A
(D)	B	D	A	C

Correct Answer: (B)

1. Article 243H - C - It concerns Panchayat taxation and funds..
2. Article 243X - A - It concerns municipal taxation and funds..
3. Article 243I - B - It establishes the State Finance Commission..
4. Article 243Y - D - It extends Finance Commission-related provisions to Municipalities..

38 Match the Following:

Balwant Rai Mehta Committee Ashok Mehta Committee Sarkaria Commission L.M. Singhvi Committee

Constitutional recognition of local bodies Two-tier Panchayati Raj Centre-State relations Three-tier Panchayati Raj Urban local taxation

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	D	B	C	A
(B)	B	D	A	C
(C)	A	C	D	B
(D)	C	A	B	D

Correct Answer: (A)

1. Balwant Rai Mehta Committee - D - It recommended a three-tier Panchayati Raj structure..
2. Ashok Mehta Committee - B - It recommended a two-tier structure..
3. Sarkaria Commission - C - It dealt with Centre-State relations..
4. L.M. Singhvi Committee - A - It advocated constitutional recognition of Panchayats..

39 Match the Following:

Community Development Programme National Extension Service Balwant Rai Mehta Committee 73rd Constitutional Amendment

1953 1957 1992 1952 1977

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	D	A	B	C
(B)	A	D	C	B
(C)	C	B	D	A
(D)	B	C	A	D

Correct Answer: (A)

1. Community Development Programme - D - It was launched in 1952..
2. National Extension Service - A - It was launched in 1953..
3. Balwant Rai Mehta Committee - B - Its report was submitted in 1957..
4. 73rd Constitutional Amendment - C - It was enacted in 1992..

40 Match the Following:

Article 243A Article 243D Article 243G Article 243K

Gram Sabha Reservation Powers and responsibilities Election authority Municipalities

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	A	B	C	D
(B)	B	C	D	A
(C)	D	A	B	C
(D)	C	D	A	B

Correct Answer: (A)

1. Article 243A - A - It deals with Gram Sabha..
2. Article 243D - B - It provides for reservation in Panchayats..
3. Article 243G - C - It concerns Panchayat powers and responsibilities..
4. Article 243K - D - It provides the constitutional framework for Panchayat elections..

41 Match the Following:

Article 243R Article 243S Article 243T Article 243W

Reservation in Municipalities Composition of Municipalities Wards Committees Powers and responsibilities Municipal Finance Commission

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	A	C	B	D
(B)	B	C	A	D
(C)	D	A	C	B
(D)	C	B	D	A

Correct Answer: (B)

1. Article 243R - B - It deals with composition of Municipalities..
2. Article 243S - C - It provides for Wards Committees..
3. Article 243T - A - It provides for reservation in Municipalities..
4. Article 243W - D - It concerns municipal powers and responsibilities..

42 Match the Following:

Article 243U Article 243X Article 243ZA Article 243ZD

Municipal taxation District Planning Committee Municipal duration Municipal elections Metropolitan Planning Committee

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	C	A	D	B
(B)	A	C	B	D
(C)	D	B	A	C
(D)	B	D	C	A

Correct Answer: (A)

1. Article 243U - C - It deals with the duration of Municipalities..
2. Article 243X - A - It concerns municipal taxation and funds..
3. Article 243ZA - D - It concerns municipal elections..
4. Article 243ZD - B - It provides for the District Planning Committee..

43 Match the Following:

Article 243I Article 243K Article 243ZD Article 243ZE

Metropolitan planning Local elections State Finance Commission District planning Union Finance Commission

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	C	B	D	A
(B)	D	C	A	B
(C)	A	D	B	C
(D)	B	A	C	D

Correct Answer: (A)

1. Article 243I - C - It establishes the State Finance Commission..
2. Article 243K - B - It establishes the constitutional framework for Panchayat elections..
3. Article 243ZD - D - It concerns district planning..
4. Article 243ZE - A - It concerns metropolitan planning..

44 Match the Following:

Article 243M(2) Article 243M(3) Article 243ZC Article 243ZB

Application of Part IX-A to Union Territories Special provision for certain areas under Part IX Exceptions concerning certain areas under Part IX-A Application of Part IX-A to specified areas Central Finance Commission

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	D	C	A
(B)	C	B	A	D
(C)	A	C	D	B
(D)	D	A	B	C

Correct Answer: (A)

1. Article 243M(2) - B - It concerns specified special areas under Part IX..
2. Article 243M(3) - D - It provides for specified application of Part IX in certain areas..
3. Article 243ZC - C - It deals with exceptions to Part IX-A..
4. Article 243ZB - A - It deals with application of Part IX-A to Union Territories..

45 Match the Following:

73rd Constitutional Amendment 74th Constitutional Amendment 11th Schedule 12th Schedule

Urban local government subjects Rural local government subjects Panchayat constitutional status Municipality constitutional status Fundamental Rights

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	C	D	B	A
(B)	C	D	B	A
(C)	A	B	D	C
(D)	D	C	A	B

Correct Answer: (B)

1. 73rd Constitutional Amendment - C - It provided constitutional status to Panchayats..
2. 74th Constitutional Amendment - D - It provided constitutional status to Municipalities..
3. 11th Schedule - B - It lists 29 subjects related to Panchayats..
4. 12th Schedule - A - It lists 18 subjects related to Municipalities..

46 Match the Following:

Five-year term At least one-third women reservation State Election Commission State Finance Commission

Periodic fiscal review Periodic local elections Constitutional reservation Fixed ordinary tenure Ten-year tenure

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	D	C	B	A
(B)	A	B	C	D
(C)	C	D	A	B
(D)	B	A	D	C

Correct Answer: (A)

1. Five-year term - D - Local bodies ordinarily have a five-year duration..
2. At least one-third women reservation - C - The Constitution provides at least one-third reservation for women in local body seats..
3. State Election Commission - B - It ensures periodic elections to local bodies..
4. State Finance Commission - A - It periodically reviews local body finances..

47 Match the Following:

Rural local government Urban local government District-level integrated planning Metropolitan integrated planning

Municipalities District Planning Committee Panchayats Metropolitan Planning Committee Parliamentary Committee

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	A	C	D	B
(B)	C	A	B	D
(C)	B	D	A	C
(D)	D	B	C	A

Correct Answer: (B)

1. Rural local government - C - Panchayats constitute the rural local government system..
2. Urban local government - A - Municipalities constitute the urban local government system..
3. District-level integrated planning - B - The District Planning Committee performs this function..
4. Metropolitan integrated planning - D - The Metropolitan Planning Committee performs this function..

48 Match the Following:

Article 243M Article 243ZC PESA Fifth Schedule

Scheduled Areas administration Exceptions to Part IX-A Panchayat extension to Scheduled Areas Exceptions to Part IX Sixth Schedule only

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	D	B	C	A
(B)	A	D	B	C
(C)	C	A	D	B
(D)	B	C	A	D

Correct Answer: (A)

1. Article 243M - D - It provides exceptions to Part IX in specified areas..
2. Article 243ZC - B - It provides exceptions to Part IX-A in specified areas..
3. PESA - C - It extends Panchayat provisions to Scheduled Areas with modifications..
4. Fifth Schedule - A - It deals with administration and control of Scheduled Areas and Scheduled Tribes in applicable States..

49 Match the Following:

Part IX Part IX-A Eleventh Schedule Twelfth Schedule

Municipalities Panchayats 29 subjects 18 subjects Cooperative societies

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	A	C	D
(B)	A	B	D	C
(C)	C	D	B	A
(D)	D	C	A	B

Correct Answer: (A)

1. Part IX - B - Part IX deals with Panchayats..
2. Part IX-A - A - Part IX-A deals with Municipalities..
3. Eleventh Schedule - C - It contains 29 subjects..
4. Twelfth Schedule - D - It contains 18 subjects..

50 Match the Following:

Article 40 73rd Amendment 74th Amendment Article 243ZD

District Planning Committee Constitutional status to Panchayats Organization of village Panchayats Constitutional status to Municipalities Inter-State Council

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	C	D	A
(B)	C	B	D	A
(C)	D	A	B	C
(D)	A	D	C	B

Correct Answer: (B)

1. Article 40 - C - It directs the State to organize village Panchayats as units of self-government..
2. 73rd Amendment - B - It gave constitutional status to Panchayats..
3. 74th Amendment - D - It gave constitutional status to Municipalities..
4. Article 243ZD - A - It provides for the District Planning Committee..