Polity Chapter 36 MCQs - Special Provisions for Certain Classes (कुछ वर्गों के लिए विशेष उपबंध)

Special Provisions for Certain Classes (कुछ वर्गों के लिए विशेष उपबंध)

1 Which Part of the Constitution of India deals primarily with "Special Provisions Relating to Certain Classes"?

भारत के संविधान का कौन-सा भाग मुख्यतः "कुछ वर्गों से संबंधित विशेष उपबंधों" से संबंधित है?

1. Part XIV

   भाग XIV

2. Part XV

   भाग XV

3. Part XVI

   भाग XVI

4. Part XVII

   भाग XVII

Correct Answer: (3) Part XVI

Part XVI of the Constitution contains special provisions relating to certain classes, including provisions concerning reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, constitutional commissions, and identification of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.

2 Article 330 of the Constitution provides for reservation of seats for which of the following in the Lok Sabha?

संविधान का अनुच्छेद 330 लोकसभा में निम्नलिखित में से किनके लिए सीटों के आरक्षण का प्रावधान करता है?

1. Scheduled Castes and Other Backward Classes only

   केवल अनुसूचित जातियों और अन्य पिछड़े वर्गों के लिए

2. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes

   अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों के लिए

3. Scheduled Tribes and Minorities

   अनुसूचित जनजातियों और अल्पसंख्यकों के लिए

4. Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Anglo-Indians

   अनुसूचित जातियों, अनुसूचित जनजातियों और एंग्लो-इंडियनों के लिए

Correct Answer: (2) Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes

Article 330 provides for reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the House of the People. The provision for nomination of Anglo-Indian members has ceased to operate following the 104th Constitutional Amendment.

3 Under Article 332, reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes is provided in the Legislative Assemblies of:

अनुच्छेद 332 के तहत अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों के लिए सीटों का आरक्षण किनकी विधान सभाओं में किया जाता है?

1. All Union Territories only

   केवल सभी केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों में

2. Lok Sabha only

   केवल लोकसभा में

3. The States

   राज्यों में

4. Rajya Sabha

   राज्यसभा में

Correct Answer: (3) The States

Article 332 provides for reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the Legislative Assemblies of the States. Special provisions also exist for certain tribal areas and for the Legislative Assembly of the National Capital Territory of Delhi under other constitutional provisions.

4 Which constitutional amendment extended the reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies for a further period of ten years beyond 2020?

किस संवैधानिक संशोधन ने लोकसभा और राज्य विधानसभाओं में अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों के लिए सीटों के आरक्षण को 2020 के बाद और दस वर्षों के लिए बढ़ाया?

1. 101st Constitutional Amendment Act

   101वाँ संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम

2. 102nd Constitutional Amendment Act

   102वाँ संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम

3. 104th Constitutional Amendment Act

   104वाँ संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम

4. 105th Constitutional Amendment Act

   105वाँ संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम

Correct Answer: (3) 104th Constitutional Amendment Act

The 104th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019 extended reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies from 2020 to 2030.

5 Which statement regarding Article 334 is correct after the 104th Constitutional Amendment?

104वें संविधान संशोधन के बाद अनुच्छेद 334 के संबंध में कौन-सा कथन सही है?

1. SC/ST reservation in legislatures ended in 2020

   विधानमंडलों में SC/ST आरक्षण 2020 में समाप्त हो गया

2. Anglo-Indian nomination was extended to 2030

   एंग्लो-इंडियन नामांकन को 2030 तक बढ़ाया गया

3. SC/ST reservation in legislatures was extended to 2030, while Anglo-Indian nomination was not extended

   विधानमंडलों में SC/ST आरक्षण को 2030 तक बढ़ाया गया, जबकि एंग्लो-इंडियन नामांकन को नहीं बढ़ाया गया

4. Both provisions were permanently abolished

   दोनों प्रावधान स्थायी रूप से समाप्त कर दिए गए

Correct Answer: (3) SC/ST reservation in legislatures was extended to 2030, while Anglo-Indian nomination was not extended

The 104th Amendment extended legislative reservation for SCs and STs for another ten years until 2030 but did not extend the constitutional provision for nomination of Anglo-Indian members.

6 Article 335 of the Constitution primarily deals with which of the following?

संविधान का अनुच्छेद 335 मुख्यतः निम्नलिखित में से किससे संबंधित है?

1. Reservation of seats in Parliament

   संसद में सीटों का आरक्षण

2. Identification of Scheduled Castes

   अनुसूचित जातियों की पहचान

3. Establishment of National Commission for Scheduled Tribes

   राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जनजाति आयोग की स्थापना

4. Claims of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes to services and posts

   सेवाओं और पदों में अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों के दावों से

Correct Answer: (4) Claims of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes to services and posts

Article 335 states that the claims of members of SCs and STs shall be taken into consideration in making appointments to services and posts in connection with the affairs of the Union or a State, consistently with the maintenance of efficiency of administration.

7 Which constitutional amendment inserted a provision in Article 335 allowing relaxation of qualifying marks or standards of evaluation for SCs and STs in matters of promotion?

किस संविधान संशोधन ने अनुच्छेद 335 में SC/ST के लिए पदोन्नति के मामलों में अर्हक अंकों या मूल्यांकन के मानकों में छूट की अनुमति देने वाला प्रावधान जोड़ा?

1. 77th Amendment

   77वाँ संशोधन

2. 81st Amendment

   81वाँ संशोधन

3. 82nd Amendment

   82वाँ संशोधन

4. 85th Amendment

   85वाँ संशोधन

Correct Answer: (3) 82nd Amendment

The 82nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2000 inserted a proviso to Article 335 enabling the State to make provisions for relaxation in qualifying marks or standards of evaluation for SCs and STs in matters of promotion.

8 Article 338 of the Constitution establishes which constitutional body?

संविधान का अनुच्छेद 338 किस संवैधानिक निकाय की स्थापना करता है?

1. National Commission for Scheduled Tribes

   राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जनजाति आयोग

2. National Commission for Backward Classes

   राष्ट्रीय पिछड़ा वर्ग आयोग

3. Finance Commission

   वित्त आयोग

4. National Commission for Scheduled Castes

   राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जाति आयोग

Correct Answer: (4) National Commission for Scheduled Castes

Article 338 provides for the National Commission for Scheduled Castes. It is a constitutional body responsible for investigating and monitoring safeguards for Scheduled Castes and reporting to the President.

9 The National Commission for Scheduled Castes was given its present separate constitutional identity by which amendment?

राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जाति आयोग को वर्तमान पृथक संवैधानिक स्वरूप किस संशोधन द्वारा प्राप्त हुआ?

1. 73rd Constitutional Amendment

   73वाँ संविधान संशोधन

2. 77th Constitutional Amendment

   77वाँ संविधान संशोधन

3. 89th Constitutional Amendment

   89वाँ संविधान संशोधन

4. 102nd Constitutional Amendment

   102वाँ संविधान संशोधन

Correct Answer: (3) 89th Constitutional Amendment

The 89th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2003 bifurcated the erstwhile combined National Commission for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes into the National Commission for Scheduled Castes under Article 338 and the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes under Article 338A.

10 The National Commission for Scheduled Tribes is established under which Article of the Constitution?

राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जनजाति आयोग की स्थापना संविधान के किस अनुच्छेद के तहत की गई है?

1. Article 338

   अनुच्छेद 338

2. Article 338A

   अनुच्छेद 338A

3. Article 339

   अनुच्छेद 339

4. Article 342

   अनुच्छेद 342

Correct Answer: (2) Article 338A

Article 338A provides for the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes. It was inserted through the 89th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2003.

11 Which of the following is a function of both the National Commission for Scheduled Castes and the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes?

निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जाति आयोग और राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जनजाति आयोग दोनों का कार्य है?

1. Conducting elections to Parliament

   संसद के चुनाव कराना

2. Preparing the Union Budget

   केंद्रीय बजट तैयार करना

3. Investigating and monitoring safeguards provided for their respective communities

   अपने-अपने समुदायों के लिए प्रदान किए गए सुरक्षा उपायों की जांच और निगरानी करना

4. Appointing members of State Public Service Commissions

   राज्य लोक सेवा आयोगों के सदस्यों की नियुक्ति करना

Correct Answer: (3) Investigating and monitoring safeguards provided for their respective communities

Under Articles 338 and 338A, the respective Commissions investigate and monitor safeguards provided under the Constitution or laws for SCs and STs and inquire into specific complaints relating to deprivation of rights and safeguards.

12 Reports of the National Commission for Scheduled Castes are submitted to the:

राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जाति आयोग की रिपोर्ट किसके समक्ष प्रस्तुत की जाती है?

1. Prime Minister

   प्रधानमंत्री

2. Chief Justice of India

   भारत के मुख्य न्यायाधीश

3. Speaker of the Lok Sabha

   लोकसभा अध्यक्ष

4. President of India

   भारत के राष्ट्रपति

Correct Answer: (4) President of India

Under Article 338, the National Commission for Scheduled Castes presents its reports to the President. The President causes the reports to be laid before each House of Parliament along with a memorandum explaining action taken or proposed by the Union Government.

13 Before the 89th Constitutional Amendment, the constitutional commission for SCs and STs was:

89वें संविधान संशोधन से पहले SC और ST के लिए संवैधानिक आयोग था:

1. Two separate commissions under Articles 338 and 338A

   अनुच्छेद 338 और 338A के तहत दो अलग-अलग आयोग

2. A combined National Commission for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes

   अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों के लिए संयुक्त राष्ट्रीय आयोग

3. A commission only for Scheduled Tribes

   केवल अनुसूचित जनजातियों के लिए आयोग

4. A statutory commission under an ordinary law

   साधारण कानून के तहत वैधानिक आयोग

Correct Answer: (2) A combined National Commission for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes

Prior to the 89th Constitutional Amendment, Article 338 provided for a combined National Commission for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. The amendment created separate constitutional commissions.

14 The National Commission for Backward Classes was given constitutional status through which Constitutional Amendment?

राष्ट्रीय पिछड़ा वर्ग आयोग को किस संविधान संशोधन द्वारा संवैधानिक दर्जा दिया गया?

1. 89th Amendment

   89वाँ संशोधन

2. 97th Amendment

   97वाँ संशोधन

3. 102nd Amendment

   102वाँ संशोधन

4. 105th Amendment

   105वाँ संशोधन

Correct Answer: (3) 102nd Amendment

The 102nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2018 granted constitutional status to the National Commission for Backward Classes by inserting Article 338B and introduced Articles 342A and 366(26C).

15 Article 338B of the Constitution relates to the:

संविधान का अनुच्छेद 338B किससे संबंधित है?

1. National Commission for Scheduled Castes

   राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जाति आयोग

2. National Commission for Scheduled Tribes

   राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जनजाति आयोग

3. National Commission for Backward Classes

   राष्ट्रीय पिछड़ा वर्ग आयोग

4. National Commission for Minorities

   राष्ट्रीय अल्पसंख्यक आयोग

Correct Answer: (3) National Commission for Backward Classes

Article 338B establishes the National Commission for Backward Classes as a constitutional body. Its functions include investigating and monitoring safeguards for socially and educationally backward classes and advising on their socio-economic development.

16 Which Article empowers the President to specify the Scheduled Castes in relation to a State or Union Territory?

कौन-सा अनुच्छेद राष्ट्रपति को किसी राज्य या केंद्र शासित प्रदेश के संबंध में अनुसूचित जातियों को निर्दिष्ट करने की शक्ति देता है?

1. Article 339

   अनुच्छेद 339

2. Article 340

   अनुच्छेद 340

3. Article 341

   अनुच्छेद 341

4. Article 342

   अनुच्छेद 342

Correct Answer: (3) Article 341

Article 341 provides that the President may specify the castes, races or tribes or parts or groups within them which shall be deemed to be Scheduled Castes in relation to a particular State or Union Territory.

17 Once a caste, race or tribe is included in the list of Scheduled Castes under Article 341, who can alter that list?

अनुच्छेद 341 के तहत किसी जाति, नस्ल या जनजाति को अनुसूचित जातियों की सूची में शामिल किए जाने के बाद उस सूची में परिवर्तन कौन कर सकता है?

1. President by executive order alone

   राष्ट्रपति केवल कार्यपालिका आदेश द्वारा

2. Supreme Court by judicial order

   सर्वोच्च न्यायालय न्यायिक आदेश द्वारा

3. State Legislature by ordinary law

   राज्य विधानमंडल साधारण कानून द्वारा

4. Parliament by law

   संसद कानून द्वारा

Correct Answer: (4) Parliament by law

Under Article 341(2), Parliament may by law include in or exclude from the list of Scheduled Castes any caste, race or tribe. The list cannot subsequently be altered by another executive order.

18 Article 342 deals with the identification of:

अनुच्छेद 342 किसकी पहचान से संबंधित है?

1. Scheduled Castes

   अनुसूचित जातियों की

2. Scheduled Tribes

   अनुसूचित जनजातियों की

3. Socially and Educationally Backward Classes

   सामाजिक और शैक्षणिक रूप से पिछड़े वर्गों की

4. Minorities

   अल्पसंख्यकों की

Correct Answer: (2) Scheduled Tribes

Article 342 provides the constitutional procedure for specifying the tribes or tribal communities, or parts or groups within them, deemed to be Scheduled Tribes in relation to a State or Union Territory.

19 Which authority has the power to include or exclude a community from the list of Scheduled Tribes after the initial specification?

प्रारंभिक निर्धारण के बाद किसी समुदाय को अनुसूचित जनजातियों की सूची में शामिल या बाहर करने की शक्ति किसके पास है?

1. President alone

   केवल राष्ट्रपति के पास

2. Concerned State Legislature

   संबंधित राज्य विधानमंडल के पास

3. National Commission for Scheduled Tribes

   राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जनजाति आयोग के पास

4. Parliament by law

   संसद के पास कानून द्वारा

Correct Answer: (4) Parliament by law

Article 342(2) provides that Parliament may by law include in or exclude from the list of Scheduled Tribes any tribe or tribal community or part or group within it.

20 The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes lists under Articles 341 and 342 are specified with reference to:

अनुच्छेद 341 और 342 के तहत अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों की सूचियां किसके संदर्भ में निर्धारित की जाती हैं?

1. The entire world

   पूरे विश्व के संदर्भ में

2. The entire country uniformly

   पूरे देश में समान रूप से

3. A particular State or Union Territory

   किसी विशेष राज्य या केंद्र शासित प्रदेश के संदर्भ में

4. Only the concerned district

   केवल संबंधित जिले के संदर्भ में

Correct Answer: (3) A particular State or Union Territory

Articles 341 and 342 expressly provide for specification of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in relation to a particular State or Union Territory. Therefore, SC/ST status is constitutionally linked to the relevant State or Union Territory list.

21 Article 340 empowers the President to appoint a commission to investigate the conditions of:

अनुच्छेद 340 राष्ट्रपति को किनकी दशाओं की जांच के लिए आयोग नियुक्त करने की शक्ति देता है?

1. Only Scheduled Castes

   केवल अनुसूचित जातियों की

2. Only Scheduled Tribes

   केवल अनुसूचित जनजातियों की

3. Socially and educationally backward classes

   सामाजिक और शैक्षणिक रूप से पिछड़े वर्गों की

4. Only religious minorities

   केवल धार्मिक अल्पसंख्यकों की

Correct Answer: (3) Socially and educationally backward classes

Article 340 empowers the President to appoint a Commission to investigate the conditions of socially and educationally backward classes and the difficulties under which they labour and to make recommendations for their advancement.

22 The commission appointed under Article 340 is appointed by the:

अनुच्छेद 340 के तहत नियुक्त आयोग की नियुक्ति कौन करता है?

1. Prime Minister

   प्रधानमंत्री

2. Parliament

   संसद

3. Chief Justice of India

   भारत के मुख्य न्यायाधीश

4. President

   राष्ट्रपति

Correct Answer: (4) President

Article 340 specifically empowers the President to appoint a Commission to investigate the conditions of socially and educationally backward classes and to recommend measures for their advancement.

23 The Second Backward Classes Commission, popularly known as the Mandal Commission, was appointed under:

द्वितीय पिछड़ा वर्ग आयोग, जिसे मंडल आयोग के नाम से जाना जाता है, किस अनुच्छेद के तहत नियुक्त किया गया था?

1. Article 338

   अनुच्छेद 338

2. Article 339

   अनुच्छेद 339

3. Article 340

   अनुच्छेद 340

4. Article 342A

   अनुच्छेद 342A

Correct Answer: (3) Article 340

The Mandal Commission was appointed by the Government of India in 1979 under Article 340 to investigate the conditions of socially and educationally backward classes and recommend measures for their advancement.

24 Article 339 primarily deals with the control of the Union over the administration of:

अनुच्छेद 339 मुख्यतः किसके प्रशासन पर संघ के नियंत्रण से संबंधित है?

1. Scheduled Castes

   अनुसूचित जातियों के

2. Other Backward Classes

   अन्य पिछड़े वर्गों के

3. Scheduled Areas and the welfare of Scheduled Tribes

   अनुसूचित क्षेत्रों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों के कल्याण से

4. Minority institutions

   अल्पसंख्यक संस्थानों के

Correct Answer: (3) Scheduled Areas and the welfare of Scheduled Tribes

Article 339 empowers the President to appoint a Commission to report on the administration of Scheduled Areas and the welfare of Scheduled Tribes. It also provides for Union executive directions to a State regarding the administration of Scheduled Areas and welfare of STs.

25 Which of the following correctly distinguishes Articles 338, 338A and 338B?

निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा अनुच्छेद 338, 338A और 338B के बीच सही अंतर बताता है?

1. 338—STs, 338A—SCs, 338B—Minorities

   338—ST, 338A—SC, 338B—अल्पसंख्यक

2. 338—OBCs, 338A—STs, 338B—SCs

   338—OBC, 338A—ST, 338B—SC

3. 338—SCs, 338A—STs, 338B—Backward Classes

   338—SC, 338A—ST, 338B—पिछड़े वर्ग

4. 338—SCs, 338A—OBCs, 338B—STs

   338—SC, 338A—OBC, 338B—ST

Correct Answer: (3) 338—SCs, 338A—STs, 338B—Backward Classes

Article 338 establishes the National Commission for Scheduled Castes, Article 338A establishes the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes, and Article 338B establishes the National Commission for Backward Classes.

26 Which Constitutional Amendment introduced Article 338B?

किस संविधान संशोधन द्वारा अनुच्छेद 338B जोड़ा गया?

1. 89th Amendment

   89वाँ संशोधन

2. 93rd Amendment

   93वाँ संशोधन

3. 102nd Amendment

   102वाँ संशोधन

4. 103rd Amendment

   103वाँ संशोधन

Correct Answer: (3) 102nd Amendment

The 102nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2018 inserted Article 338B and granted constitutional status to the National Commission for Backward Classes.

27 The 105th Constitutional Amendment is particularly significant because it restored the power of States and Union Territories to:

105वाँ संविधान संशोधन विशेष रूप से महत्वपूर्ण है क्योंकि इसने राज्यों और केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों की किस शक्ति को बहाल किया?

1. Identify Scheduled Castes

   अनुसूचित जातियों की पहचान करने की

2. Appoint the National Commission for Backward Classes

   राष्ट्रीय पिछड़ा वर्ग आयोग की नियुक्ति करने की

3. Prepare and maintain their own lists of socially and educationally backward classes for their purposes

   अपने प्रयोजनों के लिए सामाजिक और शैक्षणिक रूप से पिछड़े वर्गों की अपनी सूची तैयार और बनाए रखने की

4. Amend the Constitution without Parliament

   संसद के बिना संविधान संशोधित करने की

Correct Answer: (3) Prepare and maintain their own lists of socially and educationally backward classes for their purposes

The 105th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2021 clarified and restored the power of States and Union Territories to identify and maintain their own lists of socially and educationally backward classes for their own purposes.

28 The Supreme Court's decision in which case led to the constitutional significance of the 102nd Amendment in relation to identification of SEBCs?

किस मामले में सर्वोच्च न्यायालय के निर्णय के कारण सामाजिक और शैक्षणिक रूप से पिछड़े वर्गों की पहचान के संबंध में 102वें संशोधन का संवैधानिक महत्व सामने आया?

1. Kesavananda Bharati case

   केशवानंद भारती मामला

2. Indra Sawhney case

   इंद्रा साहनी मामला

3. Jaishri Laxmanrao Patil v. Chief Minister, Maharashtra

   जयश्री लक्ष्मणराव पाटिल बनाम महाराष्ट्र के मुख्यमंत्री मामला

4. Minerva Mills case

   मिनर्वा मिल्स मामला

Correct Answer: (3) Jaishri Laxmanrao Patil v. Chief Minister, Maharashtra

In the Maratha reservation case, the Supreme Court interpreted the 102nd Amendment as affecting the power of States to identify SEBCs for reservation purposes. The 105th Amendment was subsequently enacted to clarify and restore this power.

29 Which Article was introduced by the 102nd Constitutional Amendment to deal with the Central List of socially and educationally backward classes?

102वें संविधान संशोधन द्वारा सामाजिक और शैक्षणिक रूप से पिछड़े वर्गों की केंद्रीय सूची से संबंधित कौन-सा अनुच्छेद जोड़ा गया?

1. Article 338B

   अनुच्छेद 338B

2. Article 341

   अनुच्छेद 341

3. Article 342

   अनुच्छेद 342

4. Article 342A

   अनुच्छेद 342A

Correct Answer: (4) Article 342A

Article 342A was inserted by the 102nd Constitutional Amendment. Following the 105th Amendment, the constitutional scheme was clarified so that States and Union Territories could maintain their own lists for their own purposes while the Central List remains distinct.

30 Under the constitutional scheme after the 105th Amendment, who can specify the Central List of socially and educationally backward classes?

105वें संशोधन के बाद संवैधानिक व्यवस्था के तहत सामाजिक और शैक्षणिक रूप से पिछड़े वर्गों की केंद्रीय सूची को कौन निर्दिष्ट कर सकता है?

1. Any State Legislature

   कोई भी राज्य विधानमंडल

2. National Commission for Backward Classes alone

   केवल राष्ट्रीय पिछड़ा वर्ग आयोग

3. President by public notification, subject to Parliament's law on inclusion or exclusion

   राष्ट्रपति सार्वजनिक अधिसूचना द्वारा, संसद द्वारा समावेशन या बहिष्करण संबंधी कानून के अधीन

4. Supreme Court by notification

   सर्वोच्च न्यायालय अधिसूचना द्वारा

Correct Answer: (3) President by public notification, subject to Parliament's law on inclusion or exclusion

Article 342A provides for the Central List of socially and educationally backward classes. The President specifies the Central List by public notification, while Parliament may include or exclude classes from that list by law.

31 Which Article requires the Union and every State Government to consult the National Commission for Scheduled Castes on major policy matters affecting Scheduled Castes?

कौन-सा अनुच्छेद संघ और प्रत्येक राज्य सरकार को अनुसूचित जातियों को प्रभावित करने वाले प्रमुख नीतिगत मामलों पर राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जाति आयोग से परामर्श करने की अपेक्षा करता है?

1. Article 335

   अनुच्छेद 335

2. Article 338(9)

   अनुच्छेद 338(9)

3. Article 340

   अनुच्छेद 340

4. Article 342

   अनुच्छेद 342

Correct Answer: (2) Article 338(9)

Article 338(9) requires the Union and every State Government to consult the National Commission for Scheduled Castes on all major policy matters affecting Scheduled Castes.

32 Which of the following powers is specifically available to the National Commission for Scheduled Castes while investigating complaints?

शिकायतों की जांच करते समय राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जाति आयोग को निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सी शक्ति प्राप्त है?

1. Power to amend the Constitution

   संविधान संशोधित करने की शक्ति

2. Power to dissolve Parliament

   संसद भंग करने की शक्ति

3. Powers of a civil court trying a suit

   वाद की सुनवाई करने वाले सिविल न्यायालय की शक्तियां

4. Power to impose criminal punishment

   आपराधिक दंड देने की शक्ति

Correct Answer: (3) Powers of a civil court trying a suit

While investigating matters under Article 338, the National Commission for Scheduled Castes has the powers of a civil court trying a suit, including summoning and enforcing attendance and requiring discovery and production of documents.

33 The constitutional status of the National Commission for Backward Classes means that it is:

राष्ट्रीय पिछड़ा वर्ग आयोग के संवैधानिक दर्जे का अर्थ है कि यह:

1. A body created only by executive order

   केवल कार्यपालिका आदेश द्वारा बनाया गया निकाय है

2. A temporary parliamentary committee

   अस्थायी संसदीय समिति है

3. A judicial body

   न्यायिक निकाय है

4. A body established directly under the Constitution

   संविधान के तहत सीधे स्थापित निकाय है

Correct Answer: (4) A body established directly under the Constitution

The 102nd Constitutional Amendment inserted Article 338B, thereby giving the National Commission for Backward Classes constitutional status rather than leaving it solely as a statutory or executive body.

34 Which of the following statements about Article 335 is correct?

अनुच्छेद 335 के संबंध में निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा कथन सही है?

1. It guarantees reservation in every private sector job

   यह प्रत्येक निजी क्षेत्र की नौकरी में आरक्षण की गारंटी देता है

2. It requires efficiency of administration to be ignored

   यह प्रशासन की दक्षता की अनदेखी करने की अपेक्षा करता है

3. It requires SC/ST claims to be considered consistently with maintenance of administrative efficiency

   यह प्रशासन की दक्षता बनाए रखने के अनुरूप SC/ST के दावों पर विचार करने की अपेक्षा करता है

4. It applies only to elections

   यह केवल चुनावों पर लागू होता है

Correct Answer: (3) It requires SC/ST claims to be considered consistently with maintenance of administrative efficiency

Article 335 balances the claims of SCs and STs in public services with the requirement of maintaining efficiency of administration. Its proviso permits certain relaxations and consequential provisions relating to qualifying standards.

35 The 77th Constitutional Amendment is associated primarily with reservation for SCs and STs in:

77वाँ संविधान संशोधन मुख्यतः SC और ST के लिए किसमें आरक्षण से संबंधित है?

1. Election to Rajya Sabha

   राज्यसभा के चुनाव में

2. Private sector employment

   निजी क्षेत्र के रोजगार में

3. Promotion in public employment

   लोक रोजगार में पदोन्नति में

4. Admission to private schools

   निजी विद्यालयों में प्रवेश में

Correct Answer: (3) Promotion in public employment

The 77th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1995 inserted Article 16(4A), enabling the State to make provisions for reservation in matters of promotion in favour of SCs and STs where they are not adequately represented in State services.

36 Which Constitutional Amendment introduced the concept of "consequential seniority" for SC/ST candidates promoted through reservation?

किस संविधान संशोधन ने आरक्षण के माध्यम से पदोन्नत SC/ST उम्मीदवारों के लिए "परिणामी ज्येष्ठता" की अवधारणा को संवैधानिक आधार दिया?

1. 77th Amendment

   77वाँ संशोधन

2. 81st Amendment

   81वाँ संशोधन

3. 82nd Amendment

   82वाँ संशोधन

4. 85th Amendment

   85वाँ संशोधन

Correct Answer: (4) 85th Amendment

The 85th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2001 gave constitutional backing to consequential seniority for SC/ST employees promoted through reservation in promotion, with retrospective effect from June 17, 1995.

37 The 81st Constitutional Amendment is associated with the concept of:

81वाँ संविधान संशोधन किस अवधारणा से संबंधित है?

1. Reservation in promotions

   पदोन्नति में आरक्षण

2. Consequential seniority

   परिणामी ज्येष्ठता

3. Carrying forward unfilled reserved vacancies as a separate class of vacancies

   भरी न जा सकी आरक्षित रिक्तियों को अलग वर्ग की रिक्तियों के रूप में आगे ले जाना

4. Constitutional status to NCBC

   NCBC को संवैधानिक दर्जा देना

Correct Answer: (3) Carrying forward unfilled reserved vacancies as a separate class of vacancies

The 81st Constitutional Amendment inserted Article 16(4B), enabling the State to treat unfilled reserved vacancies carried forward as a separate class and to fill them in subsequent years.

38 Which provision specifically enables reservation for economically weaker sections and is distinct from the special provisions specifically relating to SCs and STs?

कौन-सा प्रावधान आर्थिक रूप से कमजोर वर्गों के लिए आरक्षण को सक्षम करता है और SC/ST से संबंधित विशेष प्रावधानों से अलग है?

1. Article 15(4)

   अनुच्छेद 15(4)

2. Article 16(4A)

   अनुच्छेद 16(4A)

3. Articles 15(6) and 16(6)

   अनुच्छेद 15(6) और 16(6)

4. Article 335 only

   केवल अनुच्छेद 335

Correct Answer: (3) Articles 15(6) and 16(6)

The 103rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019 inserted Articles 15(6) and 16(6), enabling special provisions and reservation for Economically Weaker Sections, subject to the constitutional limits specified in those provisions.

39 Under Article 330, the number of seats reserved for SCs and STs in the Lok Sabha is based primarily on:

अनुच्छेद 330 के तहत लोकसभा में SC और ST के लिए आरक्षित सीटों की संख्या मुख्यतः किस आधार पर निर्धारित होती है?

1. Equal number of seats for every State

   प्रत्येक राज्य के लिए समान संख्या में सीटों पर

2. Economic status of each community

   प्रत्येक समुदाय की आर्थिक स्थिति पर

3. Population proportion of SCs and STs in the relevant area, subject to constitutional provisions

   संबंधित क्षेत्र में SC और ST की जनसंख्या के अनुपात पर, संवैधानिक प्रावधानों के अधीन

4. Number of political parties

   राजनीतिक दलों की संख्या पर

Correct Answer: (3) Population proportion of SCs and STs in the relevant area, subject to constitutional provisions

Article 330 provides that the number of seats reserved for SCs and STs in the Lok Sabha should bear, as nearly as may be, the same proportion to the total number of seats as their population bears to the population of the relevant area.

40 Which constitutional provision specifically provides for reservation of seats for Scheduled Tribes in the Legislative Assembly of Assam's autonomous districts?

कौन-सा संवैधानिक प्रावधान असम के स्वायत्त जिलों की विधान सभा में अनुसूचित जनजातियों के लिए सीटों के आरक्षण का विशेष प्रावधान करता है?

1. Article 330

   अनुच्छेद 330

2. Article 332(1) only

   केवल अनुच्छेद 332(1)

3. Article 332(6)

   अनुच्छेद 332(6)

4. Article 342A

   अनुच्छेद 342A

Correct Answer: (3) Article 332(6)

Article 332 contains special provisions concerning reservation of seats for Scheduled Tribes in the Legislative Assembly of Assam's autonomous districts, reflecting the constitutional protection given to tribal areas.

41 Which of the following is NOT a constitutional function of the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes?

निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जनजाति आयोग का संवैधानिक कार्य नहीं है?

1. Investigating complaints relating to deprivation of safeguards of STs

   ST के सुरक्षा उपायों से वंचित किए जाने से संबंधित शिकायतों की जांच करना

2. Participating and advising on planning process for socio-economic development of STs

   ST के सामाजिक-आर्थिक विकास की योजना प्रक्रिया में भाग लेना और सलाह देना

3. Presenting reports to the President

   राष्ट्रपति को रिपोर्ट प्रस्तुत करना

4. Conducting elections to tribal autonomous councils

   जनजातीय स्वायत्त परिषदों के चुनाव कराना

Correct Answer: (4) Conducting elections to tribal autonomous councils

The National Commission for Scheduled Tribes has constitutional functions relating to safeguards, complaints, development planning and reporting. Conducting elections to autonomous councils is not one of its functions.

42 Which of the following correctly describes the constitutional position of the National Commission for Backward Classes after the 102nd Amendment?

102वें संशोधन के बाद राष्ट्रीय पिछड़ा वर्ग आयोग की संवैधानिक स्थिति का सही वर्णन कौन-सा है?

1. It remained only a statutory body

   यह केवल वैधानिक निकाय बना रहा

2. It became a body under Article 338 only

   यह केवल अनुच्छेद 338 के तहत निकाय बना

3. It became a constitutional body under Article 338B

   यह अनुच्छेद 338B के तहत संवैधानिक निकाय बन गया

4. It became a judicial tribunal

   यह न्यायिक अधिकरण बन गया

Correct Answer: (3) It became a constitutional body under Article 338B

The 102nd Constitutional Amendment inserted Article 338B and gave constitutional status to the National Commission for Backward Classes.

43 Which of the following pairs is correctly matched?

निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा युग्म सही सुमेलित है?

1. Article 339 — National Commission for Scheduled Castes

   अनुच्छेद 339 — राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जाति आयोग

2. Article 340 — National Commission for Scheduled Tribes

   अनुच्छेद 340 — राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जनजाति आयोग

3. Article 341 — Scheduled Castes

   अनुच्छेद 341 — अनुसूचित जातियां

4. Article 342 — Socially and Educationally Backward Classes

   अनुच्छेद 342 — सामाजिक और शैक्षणिक रूप से पिछड़े वर्ग

Correct Answer: (3) Article 341 — Scheduled Castes

Article 341 deals with specification of Scheduled Castes. Article 339 concerns Scheduled Areas and ST welfare, Article 340 concerns backward classes, and Article 342 concerns Scheduled Tribes.

44 Which of the following is the correct sequence of constitutional provisions from earlier to later in Part XVI?

भाग XVI में निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा संवैधानिक प्रावधानों का सही क्रम है?

1. Article 330 — Article 338A — Article 335 — Article 341

   अनुच्छेद 330 — अनुच्छेद 338A — अनुच्छेद 335 — अनुच्छेद 341

2. Article 330 — Article 335 — Article 338 — Article 341

   अनुच्छेद 330 — अनुच्छेद 335 — अनुच्छेद 338 — अनुच्छेद 341

3. Article 341 — Article 330 — Article 335 — Article 338

   अनुच्छेद 341 — अनुच्छेद 330 — अनुच्छेद 335 — अनुच्छेद 338

4. Article 338 — Article 330 — Article 341 — Article 335

   अनुच्छेद 338 — अनुच्छेद 330 — अनुच्छेद 341 — अनुच्छेद 335

Correct Answer: (2) Article 330 — Article 335 — Article 338 — Article 341

Within Part XVI, Article 330 concerns reservation in the Lok Sabha, Article 335 concerns claims of SCs and STs in services and posts, Article 338 establishes the NCSC, and Article 341 deals with Scheduled Castes.

45 Consider the following statements regarding the National Commission for Scheduled Castes: I. It is a constitutional body. II. It can investigate complaints relating to deprivation of safeguards of SCs. III. Its reports are submitted directly to the Prime Minister. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जाति आयोग के संबंध में निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार कीजिए: I. यह एक संवैधानिक निकाय है। II. यह SC के सुरक्षा उपायों से वंचित किए जाने से संबंधित शिकायतों की जांच कर सकता है। III. इसकी रिपोर्ट सीधे प्रधानमंत्री को प्रस्तुत की जाती है। उपर्युक्त में से कौन-सा/से कथन सही है/हैं?

1. Only I

   केवल I

2. Only II and III

   केवल II और III

3. Only I and III

   केवल I और III

4. Only I and II

   केवल I और II

Correct Answer: (4) Only I and II

The NCSC is a constitutional body under Article 338 and can investigate complaints concerning deprivation of safeguards. Its reports are submitted to the President, not directly to the Prime Minister.

46 Consider the following statements regarding Articles 341 and 342: I. The President specifies SCs and STs by public notification. II. Parliament can subsequently include or exclude communities by law. III. A State Legislature can independently alter the Presidential list by ordinary legislation. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

अनुच्छेद 341 और 342 के संबंध में निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार कीजिए: I. राष्ट्रपति सार्वजनिक अधिसूचना द्वारा SC और ST को निर्दिष्ट करता है। II. संसद बाद में कानून द्वारा समुदायों को शामिल या बाहर कर सकती है। III. राज्य विधानमंडल साधारण कानून द्वारा राष्ट्रपति की सूची में स्वतंत्र रूप से परिवर्तन कर सकता है। उपर्युक्त में से कौन-सा/से कथन सही है/हैं?

1. Only I

   केवल I

2. Only II and III

   केवल II और III

3. Only I and II

   केवल I और II

4. I, II and III

   I, II और III

Correct Answer: (3) Only I and II

Articles 341 and 342 provide for Presidential specification by public notification and subsequent alteration by Parliament through law. A State Legislature cannot independently alter the constitutional SC or ST list.

47 Consider the following statements regarding reservation for SCs and STs in legislatures: I. Article 330 concerns the Lok Sabha. II. Article 332 concerns State Legislative Assemblies. III. Article 334 determines the duration of the reservation provisions. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

विधानमंडलों में SC और ST के लिए आरक्षण के संबंध में निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार कीजिए: I. अनुच्छेद 330 लोकसभा से संबंधित है। II. अनुच्छेद 332 राज्य विधानसभाओं से संबंधित है। III. अनुच्छेद 334 आरक्षण संबंधी प्रावधानों की अवधि निर्धारित करता है। उपर्युक्त में से कौन-सा/से कथन सही है/हैं?

1. Only I and II

   केवल I और II

2. Only II and III

   केवल II और III

3. Only I and III

   केवल I और III

4. I, II and III

   I, II और III

Correct Answer: (4) I, II and III

Article 330 deals with reservation of seats for SCs and STs in the Lok Sabha, Article 332 deals with State Legislative Assemblies, and Article 334 specifies the temporal framework for these reservation provisions.

48 The constitutional provision for nomination of Anglo-Indian members to the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies ceased to operate because of the:

लोकसभा और राज्य विधानसभाओं में एंग्लो-इंडियन सदस्यों के नामांकन का संवैधानिक प्रावधान किस कारण समाप्त हो गया?

1. 101st Constitutional Amendment

   101वें संविधान संशोधन के कारण

2. 102nd Constitutional Amendment

   102वें संविधान संशोधन के कारण

3. 104th Constitutional Amendment

   104वें संविधान संशोधन के कारण

4. 105th Constitutional Amendment

   105वें संविधान संशोधन के कारण

Correct Answer: (3) 104th Constitutional Amendment

The 104th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019 extended SC/ST legislative reservation to 2030 but ended the constitutional provision for nomination of Anglo-Indian members to the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies.

49 Which Constitutional Amendment Act inserted provisions for reservation of seats for women belonging to Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies?

किस संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम ने लोकसभा और राज्य विधानसभाओं में अनुसूचित जाति और अनुसूचित जनजाति की महिलाओं के लिए सीटों के आरक्षण के प्रावधान जोड़े?

1. 103rd Constitutional Amendment Act

   103वाँ संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम

2. 104th Constitutional Amendment Act

   104वाँ संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम

3. 105th Constitutional Amendment Act

   105वाँ संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम

4. 106th Constitutional Amendment Act

   106वाँ संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम

Correct Answer: (4) 106th Constitutional Amendment Act

The 106th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2023 introduced Articles 330A and 332A providing for reservation of seats for women in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies, including within the seats reserved for SCs and STs. Its implementation is linked to delimitation following the first census conducted after the amendment.

50 Which statement best describes the implementation mechanism of women's reservation introduced by the 106th Constitutional Amendment in relation to the special provisions for certain classes?

कुछ वर्गों के लिए विशेष उपबंधों के संदर्भ में 106वें संविधान संशोधन द्वारा शुरू किए गए महिला आरक्षण की कार्यान्वयन व्यवस्था का सबसे सही वर्णन कौन-सा है?

1. It became immediately applicable without any delimitation or census requirement

   यह बिना किसी परिसीमन या जनगणना की आवश्यकता के तुरंत लागू हो गया

2. It applies only to Rajya Sabha and State Legislative Councils

   यह केवल राज्यसभा और राज्य विधान परिषदों पर लागू होता है

3. It permanently fixes the same constituencies for women in every election

   यह प्रत्येक चुनाव में महिलाओं के लिए वही निर्वाचन क्षेत्र स्थायी रूप से तय करता है

4. It is to take effect after the required census and delimitation process specified by the Constitution, and includes reservation within SC/ST reserved seats

   यह संविधान में निर्दिष्ट आवश्यक जनगणना और परिसीमन प्रक्रिया के बाद प्रभावी होना है और इसमें SC/ST के लिए आरक्षित सीटों के भीतर भी आरक्षण शामिल है

Correct Answer: (4) It is to take effect after the required census and delimitation process specified by the Constitution, and includes reservation within SC/ST reserved seats

The 106th Constitutional Amendment inserted Articles 330A, 332A and 334A. The women's reservation is linked to the publication of figures of the first census taken after commencement of the amendment and subsequent delimitation. One-third of the seats reserved for SCs and STs are also to be reserved for women.

1 Which of the following statements regarding Article 330 of the Constitution is correct?

1. Article 330 provides for reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the House of the People.

   अनुच्छेद 330 लोक सभा में अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों के लिए सीटों के आरक्षण का प्रावधान करता है।

2. Article 330 provides reservation only for Scheduled Castes in the Rajya Sabha.

   अनुच्छेद 330 केवल राज्य सभा में अनुसूचित जातियों के लिए आरक्षण का प्रावधान करता है।

3. Article 330 provides reservation for Other Backward Classes in the Lok Sabha.

   अनुच्छेद 330 लोक सभा में अन्य पिछड़े वर्गों के लिए आरक्षण का प्रावधान करता है।

4. Article 330 provides reservation of seats for women in all State Legislatures.

   अनुच्छेद 330 सभी राज्य विधानसभाओं में महिलाओं के लिए सीटों के आरक्षण का प्रावधान करता है।

Correct Answer: (1) Article 330 provides for reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the House of the People.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (✅) - Article 330 specifically deals with reservation of seats for SCs and STs in the Lok Sabha.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Article 330 concerns the House of the People, not the Rajya Sabha.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Article 330 does not provide reservation for OBCs.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Article 330 does not deal with reservation of women in State Legislatures.

2 Consider the following statements about Article 332. Which one is correct?

1. It provides reservation of seats for SCs and STs in the Rajya Sabha.

   यह राज्य सभा में अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों के लिए सीटों के आरक्षण का प्रावधान करता है।

2. It provides reservation of seats for SCs and STs in the Legislative Assemblies of the States.

   यह राज्यों की विधानसभाओं में अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों के लिए सीटों के आरक्षण का प्रावधान करता है।

3. It provides reservation for SCs and STs in Panchayats only.

   यह केवल पंचायतों में अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों के लिए आरक्षण का प्रावधान करता है।

4. It provides reservation for OBCs in State Legislative Assemblies.

   यह राज्य विधानसभाओं में अन्य पिछड़े वर्गों के लिए आरक्षण का प्रावधान करता है।

Correct Answer: (2) It provides reservation of seats for SCs and STs in the Legislative Assemblies of the States.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Article 332 concerns State Legislative Assemblies, not the Rajya Sabha.
2. Statement 2 (✅) - Article 332 provides reservation of seats for SCs and STs in State Legislative Assemblies.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Reservation in Panchayats is dealt with under Article 243D.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Article 332 does not constitutionally provide OBC reservation in State Legislative Assemblies.

3 Which of the following correctly describes Article 334 of the Constitution?

1. It determines the procedure for identifying Scheduled Castes.

   यह अनुसूचित जातियों की पहचान की प्रक्रिया निर्धारित करता है।

2. It establishes the National Commission for Scheduled Castes.

   यह राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जाति आयोग की स्थापना करता है।

3. It deals with the time limit for reservation of seats and special representation of certain communities in legislatures.

   यह विधानमंडलों में सीटों के आरक्षण और कुछ समुदायों के विशेष प्रतिनिधित्व की समय-सीमा से संबंधित है।

4. It deals exclusively with reservation in government services.

   यह केवल सरकारी सेवाओं में आरक्षण से संबंधित है।

Correct Answer: (3) It deals with the time limit for reservation of seats and special representation of certain communities in legislatures.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Identification of Scheduled Castes is primarily dealt with under Article 341.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - The National Commission for Scheduled Castes is provided under Article 338.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - Article 334 deals with the duration of reservation and special representation provisions in legislatures.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Reservation in services is addressed through provisions including Articles 16(4), 16(4A) and related constitutional provisions.

4 With reference to Article 335, which statement is correct?

1. It deals with reservation of seats for SCs and STs in Lok Sabha.

   यह लोक सभा में अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों के लिए सीटों के आरक्षण से संबंधित है।

2. It empowers the President to specify Scheduled Tribes.

   यह राष्ट्रपति को अनुसूचित जनजातियों को निर्दिष्ट करने की शक्ति देता है।

3. It establishes the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes.

   यह राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जनजाति आयोग की स्थापना करता है।

4. It concerns the claims of SCs and STs to services and posts, consistent with administrative efficiency.

   यह प्रशासनिक दक्षता के अनुरूप सेवाओं और पदों में अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों के दावों से संबंधित है।

Correct Answer: (4) It concerns the claims of SCs and STs to services and posts, consistent with administrative efficiency.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Reservation of seats in the Lok Sabha is dealt with by Article 330.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Article 342 deals with specification of Scheduled Tribes.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Article 338A establishes the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - Article 335 recognizes the claims of SCs and STs in appointments to services and posts while maintaining administrative efficiency.

5 Which of the following statements about Article 338 is correct?

1. Article 338 provides for the National Commission for Scheduled Castes.

   अनुच्छेद 338 राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जाति आयोग का प्रावधान करता है।

2. Article 338 provides for the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes.

   अनुच्छेद 338 राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जनजाति आयोग का प्रावधान करता है।

3. Article 338 provides for the National Commission for Backward Classes exclusively.

   अनुच्छेद 338 विशेष रूप से राष्ट्रीय पिछड़ा वर्ग आयोग का प्रावधान करता है।

4. Article 338 provides for the Finance Commission.

   अनुच्छेद 338 वित्त आयोग का प्रावधान करता है।

Correct Answer: (1) Article 338 provides for the National Commission for Scheduled Castes.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (✅) - Article 338 establishes the National Commission for Scheduled Castes.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - The National Commission for Scheduled Tribes is provided under Article 338A.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - The National Commission for Backward Classes is provided under Article 338B.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - The Finance Commission is constituted under Article 280.

6 Which of the following is a constitutional function of the National Commission for Scheduled Castes?

1. To conduct elections to Parliament.

   संसद के चुनाव कराना।

2. To determine the official language of India.

   भारत की राजभाषा निर्धारित करना।

3. To investigate and monitor matters relating to safeguards provided for SCs under the Constitution or other laws.

   संविधान या अन्य कानूनों के अंतर्गत अनुसूचित जातियों को प्रदान किए गए सुरक्षा उपायों से संबंधित मामलों की जांच और निगरानी करना।

4. To appoint Governors of States.

   राज्यों के राज्यपालों की नियुक्ति करना।

Correct Answer: (3) To investigate and monitor matters relating to safeguards provided for SCs under the Constitution or other laws.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Elections are conducted by the Election Commission of India.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Constitutional language provisions are contained mainly in Part XVII.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - Monitoring and investigating safeguards for SCs is a key function of the NCSC under Article 338.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Governors are appointed by the President under Article 155.

7 Consider the following statements regarding the National Commission for Scheduled Castes. Which one is correct?

1. It consists only of a Chairperson and no other members.

   इसमें केवल एक अध्यक्ष होता है और कोई अन्य सदस्य नहीं होता।

2. It is a statutory body created by an ordinary law of Parliament.

   यह संसद के साधारण कानून द्वारा बनाया गया एक वैधानिक निकाय है।

3. Its reports are submitted directly to the Chief Justice of India.

   इसकी रिपोर्ट सीधे भारत के मुख्य न्यायाधीश को प्रस्तुत की जाती है।

4. The Commission presents reports to the President, who causes them to be laid before Parliament.

   आयोग राष्ट्रपति को रिपोर्ट प्रस्तुत करता है और राष्ट्रपति उन्हें संसद के समक्ष रखवाते हैं।

Correct Answer: (4) The Commission presents reports to the President, who causes them to be laid before Parliament.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The Commission has a Chairperson, Vice-Chairperson and other members as provided by the Constitution.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - The NCSC is a constitutional body under Article 338.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Its constitutional reports are presented to the President.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - Article 338 provides for submission of reports to the President and their laying before Parliament.

8 Which Article provides for the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes?

1. Article 338

   अनुच्छेद 338

2. Article 338A

   अनुच्छेद 338A

3. Article 339

   अनुच्छेद 339

4. Article 342

   अनुच्छेद 342

Correct Answer: (2) Article 338A

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Article 338 deals with the National Commission for Scheduled Castes.
2. Statement 2 (✅) - Article 338A provides for the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Article 339 deals with Union control over the administration of Scheduled Areas and welfare of STs.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Article 342 deals with specification of Scheduled Tribes.

9 Which of the following statements regarding the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes is correct?

1. It was originally created by Article 338 and has never been separated from the NCSC.

   इसे मूल रूप से अनुच्छेद 338 द्वारा बनाया गया था और इसे कभी भी राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जाति आयोग से अलग नहीं किया गया।

2. It is a purely advisory body without constitutional status.

   यह केवल एक सलाहकारी निकाय है और इसे संवैधानिक दर्जा प्राप्त नहीं है।

3. The separate National Commission for Scheduled Tribes was created through the 89th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2003.

   राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जनजाति आयोग को 89वें संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम, 2003 द्वारा अलग संवैधानिक आयोग के रूप में बनाया गया।

4. It was created through the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992.

   इसे 73वें संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम, 1992 द्वारा बनाया गया था।

Correct Answer: (3) The separate National Commission for Scheduled Tribes was created through the 89th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2003.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The NCSC and NCST were separated through the 89th Constitutional Amendment.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - The NCST is a constitutional body under Article 338A.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - The 89th Amendment Act, 2003 provided separate constitutional commissions for SCs and STs.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - The 73rd Amendment primarily dealt with Panchayati Raj institutions.

10 Article 338B of the Constitution is associated with which institution?

1. National Commission for Scheduled Castes

   राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जाति आयोग

2. National Commission for Scheduled Tribes

   राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जनजाति आयोग

3. National Commission for Minorities

   राष्ट्रीय अल्पसंख्यक आयोग

4. National Commission for Backward Classes

   राष्ट्रीय पिछड़ा वर्ग आयोग

Correct Answer: (4) National Commission for Backward Classes

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - NCSC is provided under Article 338.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - NCST is provided under Article 338A.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - The National Commission for Minorities is established under statutory law, not Article 338B.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - Article 338B provides for the National Commission for Backward Classes.

11 Which of the following statements correctly describes Article 340?

1. It provides for the appointment of a commission to investigate the conditions of socially and educationally backward classes.

   यह सामाजिक और शैक्षिक रूप से पिछड़े वर्गों की दशाओं की जांच के लिए आयोग की नियुक्ति का प्रावधान करता है।

2. It provides for the identification of Scheduled Castes by Governors.

   यह राज्यपालों द्वारा अनुसूचित जातियों की पहचान का प्रावधान करता है।

3. It deals with reservation of seats for STs in the Rajya Sabha.

   यह राज्य सभा में अनुसूचित जनजातियों के लिए सीटों के आरक्षण से संबंधित है।

4. It establishes the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes.

   यह राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जनजाति आयोग की स्थापना करता है।

Correct Answer: (1) It provides for the appointment of a commission to investigate the conditions of socially and educationally backward classes.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (✅) - Article 340 empowers the President to appoint a commission to investigate conditions of socially and educationally backward classes.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Article 341 deals with Scheduled Castes and the President's specification.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - The Constitution does not provide SC/ST seat reservation in the Rajya Sabha through Article 340.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - NCST is provided under Article 338A.

12 With reference to Article 340, consider the following statements. Which one is correct?

1. The commission under Article 340 is appointed by the Chief Justice of India.

   अनुच्छेद 340 के अंतर्गत आयोग की नियुक्ति भारत के मुख्य न्यायाधीश द्वारा की जाती है।

2. The commission is concerned exclusively with Scheduled Tribes.

   यह आयोग केवल अनुसूचित जनजातियों से संबंधित है।

3. The commission has power to amend the Constitution regarding reservations.

   इस आयोग को आरक्षण से संबंधित संविधान संशोधन करने की शक्ति प्राप्त है।

4. The President specifies the matters to be referred to the commission and may also lay its report before each House of Parliament.

   राष्ट्रपति आयोग को संदर्भित किए जाने वाले विषयों को निर्दिष्ट करते हैं और उसकी रिपोर्ट को संसद के प्रत्येक सदन के समक्ष रखवा सकते हैं।

Correct Answer: (4) The President specifies the matters to be referred to the commission and may also lay its report before each House of Parliament.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The President appoints the commission under Article 340.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Article 340 concerns socially and educationally backward classes, not exclusively STs.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - A commission under Article 340 has no power to amend the Constitution.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - Article 340 provides for the President's role in referring matters and dealing with the commission's report.

13 Which of the following statements about Article 341 is correct?

1. The Governor alone specifies Scheduled Castes for a State.

   राज्य के लिए अनुसूचित जातियों को केवल राज्यपाल निर्दिष्ट करते हैं।

2. Parliament initially specifies Scheduled Castes and the President has no role.

   संसद प्रारंभ में अनुसूचित जातियों को निर्दिष्ट करती है और राष्ट्रपति की कोई भूमिका नहीं होती।

3. The President specifies the castes, races or tribes deemed to be Scheduled Castes in relation to a State or Union Territory, subject to constitutional provisions.

   राष्ट्रपति किसी राज्य या संघ राज्य क्षेत्र के संबंध में अनुसूचित जाति मानी जाने वाली जातियों, नस्लों या जनजातियों को निर्दिष्ट करते हैं, जो संवैधानिक प्रावधानों के अधीन है।

4. The Supreme Court specifies Scheduled Castes for each State.

   सर्वोच्च न्यायालय प्रत्येक राज्य के लिए अनुसूचित जातियों को निर्दिष्ट करता है।

Correct Answer: (3) The President specifies the castes, races or tribes deemed to be Scheduled Castes in relation to a State or Union Territory, subject to constitutional provisions.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The President, not the Governor alone, makes the specification under Article 341.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - The President has the initial constitutional role under Article 341.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - Article 341 provides the constitutional mechanism for specification of Scheduled Castes.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - The Supreme Court does not specify Scheduled Castes.

14 After the President has issued a notification specifying Scheduled Castes under Article 341, who can alter that list?

1. The Governor by executive order

   राज्यपाल कार्यकारी आदेश द्वारा

2. The President acting alone by a subsequent notification

   राष्ट्रपति अकेले बाद की अधिसूचना द्वारा

3. The Supreme Court through judicial order

   सर्वोच्च न्यायालय न्यायिक आदेश द्वारा

4. Parliament by law

   संसद कानून द्वारा

Correct Answer: (4) Parliament by law

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - A Governor cannot alter the Presidential list by executive order.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - After the notification, alteration requires parliamentary legislation.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Courts do not have constitutional authority to alter the notified list.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - Article 341(2) provides that Parliament may include or exclude groups from the list by law.

15 Which of the following statements correctly distinguishes Articles 341 and 342?

1. Article 341 deals with STs while Article 342 deals with SCs.

   अनुच्छेद 341 अनुसूचित जनजातियों से और अनुच्छेद 342 अनुसूचित जातियों से संबंधित है।

2. Both Articles exclusively deal with OBCs.

   दोनों अनुच्छेद केवल अन्य पिछड़े वर्गों से संबंधित हैं।

3. Article 341 deals with reservations in services while Article 342 deals with political reservation.

   अनुच्छेद 341 सेवाओं में आरक्षण और अनुच्छेद 342 राजनीतिक आरक्षण से संबंधित है।

4. Article 341 concerns Scheduled Castes, whereas Article 342 concerns Scheduled Tribes.

   अनुच्छेद 341 अनुसूचित जातियों से, जबकि अनुच्छेद 342 अनुसूचित जनजातियों से संबंधित है।

Correct Answer: (4) Article 341 concerns Scheduled Castes, whereas Article 342 concerns Scheduled Tribes.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The subjects are reversed.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Articles 341 and 342 concern SCs and STs respectively.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - These Articles deal with constitutional specification of SCs and STs, not directly with service or political reservations.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - Article 341 relates to SCs and Article 342 relates to STs.

16 Consider the following statements regarding Article 342. Which one is correct?

1. It authorizes every State Legislature to independently declare any community as a Scheduled Tribe.

   यह प्रत्येक राज्य विधानमंडल को स्वतंत्र रूप से किसी भी समुदाय को अनुसूचित जनजाति घोषित करने का अधिकार देता है।

2. It empowers the Supreme Court to identify Scheduled Tribes.

   यह सर्वोच्च न्यायालय को अनुसूचित जनजातियों की पहचान करने की शक्ति देता है।

3. The President specifies Scheduled Tribes in relation to a State or Union Territory, subject to the procedure laid down by the Constitution.

   राष्ट्रपति संविधान द्वारा निर्धारित प्रक्रिया के अधीन किसी राज्य या संघ राज्य क्षेत्र के संबंध में अनुसूचित जनजातियों को निर्दिष्ट करते हैं।

4. The Union Cabinet alone can alter the list of Scheduled Tribes.

   केवल केंद्रीय मंत्रिमंडल अनुसूचित जनजातियों की सूची में परिवर्तन कर सकता है।

Correct Answer: (3) The President specifies Scheduled Tribes in relation to a State or Union Territory, subject to the procedure laid down by the Constitution.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - State Legislatures do not independently specify STs under Article 342.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - The Supreme Court does not exercise this constitutional specification power.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - Article 342 provides for Presidential specification of STs.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Parliament can alter the list by law; the Union Cabinet cannot do so alone.

17 Which statement about the Scheduled Tribes list under Article 342 is correct?

1. Once specified, the list can be altered by any District Magistrate.

   एक बार निर्दिष्ट होने के बाद सूची में किसी भी जिला मजिस्ट्रेट द्वारा परिवर्तन किया जा सकता है।

2. Parliament may include or exclude tribes from the list by law, but no subsequent executive notification can alter the list.

   संसद कानून द्वारा जनजातियों को सूची में शामिल या बाहर कर सकती है, लेकिन बाद की कोई कार्यकारी अधिसूचना सूची में परिवर्तन नहीं कर सकती।

3. The President may freely modify the list without parliamentary law.

   राष्ट्रपति बिना संसदीय कानून के स्वतंत्र रूप से सूची में परिवर्तन कर सकते हैं।

4. The Election Commission maintains and alters the constitutional ST list.

   निर्वाचन आयोग संवैधानिक अनुसूचित जनजाति सूची का रखरखाव और उसमें परिवर्तन करता है।

Correct Answer: (2) Parliament may include or exclude tribes from the list by law, but no subsequent executive notification can alter the list.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - District authorities cannot alter the constitutional list.
2. Statement 2 (✅) - Article 342(2) vests alteration of the notified list in Parliament by law.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - The President's initial notification does not permit unilateral subsequent alteration.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - The Election Commission has no such constitutional function.

18 Which of the following is NOT correctly matched?

1. Article 338 — National Commission for Scheduled Castes

   अनुच्छेद 338 — राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जाति आयोग

2. Article 338A — National Commission for Scheduled Tribes

   अनुच्छेद 338A — राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जनजाति आयोग

3. Article 338B — National Commission for Backward Classes

   अनुच्छेद 338B — राष्ट्रीय पिछड़ा वर्ग आयोग

4. Article 340 — National Commission for Scheduled Tribes

   अनुच्छेद 340 — राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जनजाति आयोग

Correct Answer: (4) Article 340 — National Commission for Scheduled Tribes

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (✅) - Article 338 provides for the NCSC.
2. Statement 2 (✅) - Article 338A provides for the NCST.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - Article 338B provides for the NCBC.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Article 340 concerns commissions for socially and educationally backward classes; the NCST is under Article 338A.

19 Which of the following statements correctly describes Article 339?

1. It provides reservation of seats for SCs in Lok Sabha.

   यह लोक सभा में अनुसूचित जातियों के लिए सीटों के आरक्षण का प्रावधान करता है।

2. It establishes the National Commission for Backward Classes.

   यह राष्ट्रीय पिछड़ा वर्ग आयोग की स्थापना करता है।

3. It provides for identification of Scheduled Castes.

   यह अनुसूचित जातियों की पहचान का प्रावधान करता है।

4. It deals with Union control over the administration of Scheduled Areas and the welfare of Scheduled Tribes.

   यह अनुसूचित क्षेत्रों के प्रशासन और अनुसूचित जनजातियों के कल्याण पर संघ के नियंत्रण से संबंधित है।

Correct Answer: (4) It deals with Union control over the administration of Scheduled Areas and the welfare of Scheduled Tribes.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Article 330 deals with reservation of SC/ST seats in Lok Sabha.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - The NCBC is provided under Article 338B.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Article 341 concerns specification of Scheduled Castes.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - Article 339 concerns Union control and directions relating to Scheduled Areas and ST welfare.

20 Under Article 339, the President may appoint a commission to report on which matter?

1. Only the financial position of municipalities

   केवल नगरपालिकाओं की वित्तीय स्थिति

2. The administration of Scheduled Areas and the welfare of Scheduled Tribes in the States

   राज्यों में अनुसूचित क्षेत्रों के प्रशासन और अनुसूचित जनजातियों के कल्याण से संबंधित विषय

3. The conduct of parliamentary elections

   संसदीय चुनावों का संचालन

4. The salaries of constitutional authorities

   संवैधानिक पदाधिकारियों के वेतन

Correct Answer: (2) The administration of Scheduled Areas and the welfare of Scheduled Tribes in the States

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Article 339 is not concerned with municipal finance.
2. Statement 2 (✅) - Article 339 enables the President to appoint a commission regarding Scheduled Areas and ST welfare.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Parliamentary elections are administered by the Election Commission.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Article 339 does not concern salaries of constitutional authorities.

21 Which of the following statements about Article 46 is correct?

1. It is a Fundamental Right enforceable by courts.

   यह न्यायालयों द्वारा प्रवर्तनीय मौलिक अधिकार है।

2. It deals exclusively with religious minorities.

   यह केवल धार्मिक अल्पसंख्यकों से संबंधित है।

3. It establishes the National Commission for Scheduled Castes.

   यह राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जाति आयोग की स्थापना करता है।

4. It directs the State to promote the educational and economic interests of weaker sections, particularly SCs and STs, and protect them from social injustice and exploitation.

   यह राज्य को कमजोर वर्गों, विशेषकर अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों के शैक्षिक और आर्थिक हितों को बढ़ावा देने तथा सामाजिक अन्याय और शोषण से उनकी रक्षा करने का निर्देश देता है।

Correct Answer: (4) It directs the State to promote the educational and economic interests of weaker sections, particularly SCs and STs, and protect them from social injustice and exploitation.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Article 46 is a Directive Principle of State Policy and is not directly enforceable by courts.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - It specifically emphasizes weaker sections, particularly SCs and STs.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - NCSC is provided under Article 338.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - Article 46 directs the State to promote educational and economic interests and protect weaker sections from injustice and exploitation.

22 Which one of the following constitutional provisions specifically directs the State to promote the educational and economic interests of SCs and STs?

1. Article 14

   अनुच्छेद 14

2. Article 32

   अनुच्छेद 32

3. Article 46

   अनुच्छेद 46

4. Article 51A

   अनुच्छेद 51A

Correct Answer: (3) Article 46

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Article 14 guarantees equality before law and equal protection of laws.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Article 32 concerns remedies for enforcement of Fundamental Rights.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - Article 46 is a Directive Principle concerning weaker sections, particularly SCs and STs.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Article 51A contains Fundamental Duties.

23 Consider the following statements regarding Article 335. Which one is correct?

1. Article 335 makes administrative efficiency irrelevant when considering SC/ST claims.

   अनुच्छेद 335 अनुसूचित जाति/जनजाति के दावों पर विचार करते समय प्रशासनिक दक्षता को अप्रासंगिक बनाता है।

2. Article 335 applies only to private-sector employment.

   अनुच्छेद 335 केवल निजी क्षेत्र के रोजगार पर लागू होता है।

3. Article 335 deals only with political representation.

   अनुच्छेद 335 केवल राजनीतिक प्रतिनिधित्व से संबंधित है।

4. The claims of SCs and STs in services and posts must be considered consistently with maintenance of administrative efficiency.

   सेवाओं और पदों में अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों के दावों पर प्रशासनिक दक्षता बनाए रखने के अनुरूप विचार किया जाना चाहिए।

Correct Answer: (4) The claims of SCs and STs in services and posts must be considered consistently with maintenance of administrative efficiency.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Administrative efficiency is expressly mentioned in Article 335.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Article 335 concerns services and posts under the Union and States, not private-sector employment.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Political representation is dealt with by provisions such as Articles 330 and 332.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - This is the core constitutional principle contained in Article 335.

24 Which Constitutional Amendment added a provision to Article 335 stating that relaxation in qualifying marks or standards of evaluation may be considered for SCs and STs?

1. 77th Constitutional Amendment

   77वां संविधान संशोधन

2. 81st Constitutional Amendment

   81वां संविधान संशोधन

3. 82nd Constitutional Amendment

   82वां संविधान संशोधन

4. 82nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2000

   82वां संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम, 2000

Correct Answer: (4) 82nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2000

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The 77th Amendment inserted Article 16(4A) concerning reservation in promotion for SCs and STs.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - The 81st Amendment dealt with unfilled reserved vacancies and Article 16(4B).
3. Statement 3 (❌) - The relevant amendment was the 82nd Amendment.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - The 82nd Amendment inserted the proviso to Article 335 concerning relaxation of qualifying standards for SCs and STs.

25 Which of the following correctly describes Article 16(4A)?

1. It provides reservation for women in private employment.

   यह निजी रोजगार में महिलाओं के लिए आरक्षण का प्रावधान करता है।

2. It enables reservation in promotion, with consequential seniority, for SCs and STs in certain circumstances.

   यह कुछ परिस्थितियों में अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों के लिए पदोन्नति में परिणामी ज्येष्ठता सहित आरक्षण का प्रावधान सक्षम करता है।

3. It provides reservation for OBCs in political offices.

   यह राजनीतिक पदों में अन्य पिछड़े वर्गों के लिए आरक्षण का प्रावधान करता है।

4. It abolishes reservation in public employment.

   यह सार्वजनिक रोजगार में आरक्षण समाप्त करता है।

Correct Answer: (2) It enables reservation in promotion, with consequential seniority, for SCs and STs in certain circumstances.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Article 16(4A) concerns SCs and STs in public employment, not women in private employment.
2. Statement 2 (✅) - Article 16(4A) enables reservation in promotions for SCs and STs subject to constitutional conditions.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - It does not provide political reservation for OBCs.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - It is an enabling provision for reservation, not abolition of reservation.

26 Which of the following statements about Article 16(4B) is correct?

1. It deals with reservation of seats in the Lok Sabha.

   यह लोक सभा में सीटों के आरक्षण से संबंधित है।

2. It provides reservation exclusively for women.

   यह केवल महिलाओं के लिए आरक्षण का प्रावधान करता है।

3. It permits unfilled reserved vacancies of a year to be treated as a separate class and carried forward for subsequent years, subject to constitutional conditions.

   यह एक वर्ष की भरी न जा सकी आरक्षित रिक्तियों को अलग वर्ग मानकर संवैधानिक शर्तों के अधीन अगले वर्षों में ले जाने की अनुमति देता है।

4. It applies only to reservation in private educational institutions.

   यह केवल निजी शैक्षणिक संस्थानों में आरक्षण पर लागू होता है।

Correct Answer: (3) It permits unfilled reserved vacancies of a year to be treated as a separate class and carried forward for subsequent years, subject to constitutional conditions.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Political reservation is dealt with under provisions such as Article 330.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Article 16(4B) concerns reservation in public employment, not women exclusively.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - Article 16(4B) deals with carry-forward of unfilled reserved vacancies.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - It concerns public employment under Article 16.

27 Which statement regarding Article 16(4) is correct?

1. It permits the State to make provision for reservation in appointments or posts in favour of backward classes that, in the State's opinion, are not adequately represented in State services.

   यह राज्य को ऐसे पिछड़े वर्गों के पक्ष में नियुक्तियों या पदों में आरक्षण का प्रावधान करने की अनुमति देता है जो राज्य की राय में राज्य की सेवाओं में पर्याप्त रूप से प्रतिनिधित्व नहीं करते हैं।

2. It makes reservation in employment an absolute Fundamental Right of every backward class.

   यह रोजगार में आरक्षण को प्रत्येक पिछड़े वर्ग का पूर्ण मौलिक अधिकार बनाता है।

3. It applies only to political representation.

   यह केवल राजनीतिक प्रतिनिधित्व पर लागू होता है।

4. It specifically mentions only Scheduled Tribes.

   इसमें विशेष रूप से केवल अनुसूचित जनजातियों का उल्लेख है।

Correct Answer: (1) It permits the State to make provision for reservation in appointments or posts in favour of backward classes that, in the State's opinion, are not adequately represented in State services.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (✅) - This accurately reflects Article 16(4), an enabling provision concerning backward classes inadequately represented in State services.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Article 16(4) is an enabling provision, not an absolute Fundamental Right to reservation.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Article 16 concerns equality of opportunity in public employment.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Article 16(4) refers broadly to backward classes, not only STs.

28 Which of the following statements about Article 15(4) is correct?

1. It prohibits all special provisions for socially and educationally backward classes.

   यह सामाजिक और शैक्षिक रूप से पिछड़े वर्गों के लिए सभी विशेष उपबंधों को प्रतिबंधित करता है।

2. It applies only to government employment.

   यह केवल सरकारी रोजगार पर लागू होता है।

3. It was part of the original Constitution exactly as it exists today.

   यह मूल संविधान का उसी रूप में हिस्सा था जैसा आज है।

4. It permits special provisions for the advancement of socially and educationally backward classes and for SCs and STs.

   यह सामाजिक और शैक्षिक रूप से पिछड़े वर्गों तथा अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों की उन्नति के लिए विशेष उपबंधों की अनुमति देता है।

Correct Answer: (4) It permits special provisions for the advancement of socially and educationally backward classes and for SCs and STs.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Article 15(4) expressly permits such special provisions.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Article 15 concerns discrimination and special provisions in areas beyond merely public employment.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Article 15(4) was inserted by the First Constitutional Amendment Act, 1951.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - Article 15(4) is a key constitutional basis for special provisions for SEBCs, SCs and STs.

29 Which Constitutional Amendment introduced Article 15(4)?

1. 24th Constitutional Amendment

   24वां संविधान संशोधन

2. 42nd Constitutional Amendment

   42वां संविधान संशोधन

3. 1st Constitutional Amendment Act, 1951

   प्रथम संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम, 1951

4. 73rd Constitutional Amendment

   73वां संविधान संशोधन

Correct Answer: (3) 1st Constitutional Amendment Act, 1951

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The 24th Amendment primarily concerned Parliament's power to amend the Constitution and Presidential assent.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - The 42nd Amendment made extensive constitutional changes but did not introduce Article 15(4).
3. Statement 3 (✅) - The First Amendment inserted Article 15(4) to enable special provisions for socially and educationally backward classes and SCs/STs.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - The 73rd Amendment concerns Panchayats.

30 Article 15(5) is primarily concerned with which of the following?

1. Reservation of seats for SC/ST in Lok Sabha

   लोक सभा में अनुसूचित जाति/जनजाति के लिए सीटों का आरक्षण

2. Special provisions for advancement of socially and educationally backward classes or SCs/STs in educational institutions, including private educational institutions, subject to constitutional exclusions.

   शैक्षणिक संस्थानों, जिनमें निजी शैक्षणिक संस्थान भी शामिल हैं, में सामाजिक और शैक्षिक रूप से पिछड़े वर्गों या अनुसूचित जाति/जनजाति की उन्नति के लिए विशेष उपबंध, कुछ संवैधानिक अपवादों के अधीन।

3. Reservation exclusively in government employment

   केवल सरकारी रोजगार में आरक्षण

4. Appointment of commissions for backward classes

   पिछड़े वर्गों के लिए आयोगों की नियुक्ति

Correct Answer: (2) Special provisions for advancement of socially and educationally backward classes or SCs/STs in educational institutions, including private educational institutions, subject to constitutional exclusions.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Article 330 concerns reservation of seats for SCs/STs in Lok Sabha.
2. Statement 2 (✅) - Article 15(5) permits special provisions relating to admission in educational institutions, including private institutions, except minority educational institutions referred to in Article 30(1).
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Public employment is primarily addressed under Article 16.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Commissions are addressed in Articles such as 338B and 340.

31 Which institution is constitutionally excluded from the scope of Article 15(5)?

1. All government universities

   सभी सरकारी विश्वविद्यालय

2. All State-funded colleges

   सभी राज्य-वित्तपोषित महाविद्यालय

3. All institutions established by Parliament

   संसद द्वारा स्थापित सभी संस्थान

4. Educational institutions referred to in Article 30(1), i.e. minority educational institutions

   अनुच्छेद 30(1) में उल्लिखित शैक्षणिक संस्थान अर्थात अल्पसंख्यक शैक्षणिक संस्थान

Correct Answer: (4) Educational institutions referred to in Article 30(1), i.e. minority educational institutions

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Government educational institutions are not categorically excluded from Article 15(5).
2. Statement 2 (❌) - State-funded colleges are not categorically excluded.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Institutions established by Parliament are not automatically excluded.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - Article 15(5) expressly excludes educational institutions referred to in Article 30(1).

32 Which of the following statements regarding Article 15(6) is correct?

1. It provides reservation exclusively for SCs and STs.

   यह केवल अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों के लिए आरक्षण का प्रावधान करता है।

2. It concerns only political reservation.

   यह केवल राजनीतिक आरक्षण से संबंधित है।

3. It enables special provisions, including reservation in educational institutions, for economically weaker sections other than the classes covered by Articles 15(4) and 15(5), subject to constitutional limits.

   यह अनुच्छेद 15(4) और 15(5) में आने वाले वर्गों से अलग आर्थिक रूप से कमजोर वर्गों के लिए शैक्षणिक संस्थानों में आरक्षण सहित विशेष उपबंधों को सक्षम करता है, जो संवैधानिक सीमाओं के अधीन हैं।

4. It abolished the concept of reservation in education.

   इसने शिक्षा में आरक्षण की अवधारणा समाप्त कर दी।

Correct Answer: (3) It enables special provisions, including reservation in educational institutions, for economically weaker sections other than the classes covered by Articles 15(4) and 15(5), subject to constitutional limits.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Article 15(6) concerns EWS and is distinct from SC/ST provisions.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Article 15(6) concerns education and special provisions, not political representation.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - Article 15(6), inserted by the 103rd Amendment, provides for EWS special provisions in education, subject to its constitutional conditions.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - It expands constitutional enabling provisions rather than abolishing reservation.

33 Which Constitutional Amendment introduced Articles 15(6) and 16(6)?

1. 86th Constitutional Amendment

   86वां संविधान संशोधन

2. 91st Constitutional Amendment

   91वां संविधान संशोधन

3. 97th Constitutional Amendment

   97वां संविधान संशोधन

4. 103rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019

   103वां संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम, 2019

Correct Answer: (4) 103rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The 86th Amendment inserted Article 21A and made related changes to education provisions.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - The 91st Amendment concerned limits on the size of ministries and defections.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - The 97th Amendment concerned cooperative societies.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - The 103rd Amendment inserted Articles 15(6) and 16(6) concerning EWS reservation.

34 Which of the following statements about Article 16(6) is correct?

1. It provides political reservation for EWS in Parliament.

   यह संसद में आर्थिक रूप से कमजोर वर्गों के लिए राजनीतिक आरक्षण का प्रावधान करता है।

2. It enables reservation in appointments or posts in favour of economically weaker sections, subject to the constitutional ceiling specified in the provision.

   यह संवैधानिक प्रावधान में निर्दिष्ट सीमा के अधीन आर्थिक रूप से कमजोर वर्गों के पक्ष में नियुक्तियों या पदों में आरक्षण को सक्षम करता है।

3. It applies only to Scheduled Tribes.

   यह केवल अनुसूचित जनजातियों पर लागू होता है।

4. It deals with reservation of seats in State Legislative Assemblies.

   यह राज्य विधानसभाओं में सीटों के आरक्षण से संबंधित है।

Correct Answer: (2) It enables reservation in appointments or posts in favour of economically weaker sections, subject to the constitutional ceiling specified in the provision.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Article 16(6) concerns public employment, not political representation.
2. Statement 2 (✅) - Article 16(6) enables EWS reservation in public employment subject to constitutional conditions.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - It concerns EWS, not exclusively STs.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Legislative reservation is dealt with under provisions such as Articles 330 and 332.

35 Which of the following statements regarding reservation for Economically Weaker Sections is correct?

1. Constitutionally, EWS reservation is limited only to Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.

   संवैधानिक रूप से EWS आरक्षण केवल अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों तक सीमित है।

2. EWS reservation was introduced by the 42nd Amendment.

   EWS आरक्षण 42वें संशोधन द्वारा शुरू किया गया था।

3. EWS provisions are found only in Article 15 and not in Article 16.

   EWS के प्रावधान केवल अनुच्छेद 15 में हैं, अनुच्छेद 16 में नहीं।

4. The 103rd Amendment inserted provisions enabling EWS reservation in educational institutions and public employment.

   103वें संशोधन ने शैक्षणिक संस्थानों और सार्वजनिक रोजगार में EWS आरक्षण को सक्षम करने वाले प्रावधान जोड़े।

Correct Answer: (4) The 103rd Amendment inserted provisions enabling EWS reservation in educational institutions and public employment.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - EWS provisions are distinct from SC/ST reservation.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - EWS provisions were introduced by the 103rd Amendment Act, 2019.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Both Article 15(6) and Article 16(6) deal with EWS.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - The 103rd Amendment introduced EWS enabling provisions in Articles 15 and 16.

36 Which of the following statements about Article 243D is correct?

1. It provides reservation only for women in Parliament.

   यह केवल संसद में महिलाओं के लिए आरक्षण का प्रावधान करता है।

2. It deals exclusively with Scheduled Areas.

   यह केवल अनुसूचित क्षेत्रों से संबंधित है।

3. It provides for reservation of seats for SCs and STs in Panchayats and also provides for reservation of not less than one-third of seats for women, subject to constitutional provisions.

   यह पंचायतों में अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों के लिए सीटों के आरक्षण तथा महिलाओं के लिए कम से कम एक-तिहाई सीटों के आरक्षण का प्रावधान करता है, जो संवैधानिक प्रावधानों के अधीन है।

4. It abolishes reservation in local bodies.

   यह स्थानीय निकायों में आरक्षण समाप्त करता है।

Correct Answer: (3) It provides for reservation of seats for SCs and STs in Panchayats and also provides for reservation of not less than one-third of seats for women, subject to constitutional provisions.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Article 243D concerns Panchayats, not Parliament.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Scheduled Areas have specific constitutional provisions under the Fifth and Sixth Schedules.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - Article 243D provides SC/ST and women's reservation in Panchayats.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - It establishes reservation rather than abolishing it.

37 Which statement correctly describes Article 243T?

1. It provides reservation in the Lok Sabha.

   यह लोक सभा में आरक्षण का प्रावधान करता है।

2. It provides for reservation of seats for SCs and STs in Municipalities and reservation for women as constitutionally specified.

   यह नगरपालिकाओं में अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों के लिए सीटों के आरक्षण तथा संविधान में निर्दिष्ट महिलाओं के लिए आरक्षण का प्रावधान करता है।

3. It establishes the National Commission for Backward Classes.

   यह राष्ट्रीय पिछड़ा वर्ग आयोग की स्थापना करता है।

4. It specifies Scheduled Tribes for each State.

   यह प्रत्येक राज्य के लिए अनुसूचित जनजातियों को निर्दिष्ट करता है।

Correct Answer: (2) It provides for reservation of seats for SCs and STs in Municipalities and reservation for women as constitutionally specified.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Lok Sabha reservation is dealt with by Article 330.
2. Statement 2 (✅) - Article 243T provides reservation in Municipalities, including SC/ST and women reservations.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - NCBC is under Article 338B.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Specification of STs is under Article 342.

38 Which of the following statements regarding reservation of seats for SCs and STs in local bodies is correct?

1. It is governed only by Article 330.

   यह केवल अनुच्छेद 330 द्वारा शासित है।

2. It is governed only by Article 332.

   यह केवल अनुच्छेद 332 द्वारा शासित है।

3. It is governed only by Article 341.

   यह केवल अनुच्छेद 341 द्वारा शासित है।

4. Articles 243D and 243T provide for reservation in Panchayats and Municipalities respectively.

   अनुच्छेद 243D और 243T क्रमशः पंचायतों और नगरपालिकाओं में आरक्षण का प्रावधान करते हैं।

Correct Answer: (4) Articles 243D and 243T provide for reservation in Panchayats and Municipalities respectively.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Article 330 concerns Lok Sabha.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Article 332 concerns State Legislative Assemblies.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Article 341 deals with specification of Scheduled Castes.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - Article 243D concerns Panchayats and Article 243T concerns Municipalities.

39 Which of the following statements correctly distinguishes constitutional provisions for SCs and STs from those for backward classes?

1. Articles 341 and 342 identify SCs and STs respectively, while Article 340 provides for a commission concerning socially and educationally backward classes.

   अनुच्छेद 341 और 342 क्रमशः अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों की पहचान से संबंधित हैं, जबकि अनुच्छेद 340 सामाजिक और शैक्षिक रूप से पिछड़े वर्गों से संबंधित आयोग का प्रावधान करता है।

2. Article 340 identifies Scheduled Castes and Article 341 identifies OBCs.

   अनुच्छेद 340 अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुच्छेद 341 अन्य पिछड़े वर्गों की पहचान करता है।

3. Article 342 establishes the NCBC.

   अनुच्छेद 342 राष्ट्रीय पिछड़ा वर्ग आयोग की स्थापना करता है।

4. Article 338 deals with socially and educationally backward classes only.

   अनुच्छेद 338 केवल सामाजिक और शैक्षिक रूप से पिछड़े वर्गों से संबंधित है।

Correct Answer: (1) Articles 341 and 342 identify SCs and STs respectively, while Article 340 provides for a commission concerning socially and educationally backward classes.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (✅) - This correctly distinguishes Articles 340, 341 and 342.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Article 341 concerns SCs, not OBCs, and Article 340 concerns backward classes.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - The NCBC is provided under Article 338B.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Article 338 provides for the NCSC.

40 Which of the following statements regarding Article 338B is correct?

1. It establishes a purely temporary commission for five years.

   यह केवल पांच वर्षों के लिए एक अस्थायी आयोग की स्थापना करता है।

2. It deals with Scheduled Areas administration.

   यह अनुसूचित क्षेत्रों के प्रशासन से संबंधित है।

3. It provides for the National Commission for Backward Classes and assigns it constitutional functions relating to safeguards for socially and educationally backward classes.

   यह राष्ट्रीय पिछड़ा वर्ग आयोग का प्रावधान करता है और सामाजिक एवं शैक्षिक रूप से पिछड़े वर्गों के सुरक्षा उपायों से संबंधित संवैधानिक कार्य सौंपता है।

4. It provides for the Finance Commission.

   यह वित्त आयोग का प्रावधान करता है।

Correct Answer: (3) It provides for the National Commission for Backward Classes and assigns it constitutional functions relating to safeguards for socially and educationally backward classes.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Article 338B establishes a constitutional commission; it is not constitutionally limited to five years.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Scheduled Areas administration is addressed under Article 339 and the Fifth/Sixth Schedules.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - Article 338B provides for the NCBC and its constitutional functions.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - The Finance Commission is constituted under Article 280.

41 Which of the following statements about the National Commission for Backward Classes is correct?

1. The NCBC was given constitutional status through the 102nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2018.

   राष्ट्रीय पिछड़ा वर्ग आयोग को 102वें संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम, 2018 द्वारा संवैधानिक दर्जा दिया गया।

2. It was given constitutional status by the 73rd Amendment.

   इसे 73वें संशोधन द्वारा संवैधानिक दर्जा दिया गया।

3. It was created as a constitutional body by the original Constitution in 1950.

   इसे 1950 में मूल संविधान द्वारा संवैधानिक निकाय के रूप में बनाया गया था।

4. It was created by the 42nd Amendment.

   इसे 42वें संशोधन द्वारा बनाया गया था।

Correct Answer: (1) The NCBC was given constitutional status through the 102nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2018.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (✅) - The 102nd Amendment inserted Article 338B and gave constitutional status to the NCBC.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - The 73rd Amendment concerns Panchayats.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - The NCBC did not have constitutional status under the original Constitution.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - The 42nd Amendment did not create the NCBC.

42 Which of the following statements about the constitutional status of the NCBC after the 102nd Amendment is correct?

1. Article 338B was inserted by the 103rd Amendment.

   अनुच्छेद 338B को 103वें संशोधन द्वारा जोड़ा गया।

2. Article 338B deals with the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes.

   अनुच्छेद 338B राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जनजाति आयोग से संबंधित है।

3. Article 338B was inserted by the 89th Amendment.

   अनुच्छेद 338B को 89वें संशोधन द्वारा जोड़ा गया।

4. Article 338B was inserted by the 102nd Amendment to provide a constitutional framework for the National Commission for Backward Classes.

   राष्ट्रीय पिछड़ा वर्ग आयोग के लिए संवैधानिक ढांचा प्रदान करने हेतु अनुच्छेद 338B को 102वें संशोधन द्वारा जोड़ा गया।

Correct Answer: (4) Article 338B was inserted by the 102nd Amendment to provide a constitutional framework for the National Commission for Backward Classes.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Article 338B was inserted by the 102nd Amendment.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Article 338A concerns the NCST.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - The 89th Amendment created the separate NCST framework under Article 338A.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - The 102nd Amendment inserted Article 338B for the NCBC.

43 Which of the following statements about the 102nd Constitutional Amendment and backward classes is correct?

1. It abolished the constitutional recognition of backward classes.

   इसने पिछड़े वर्गों की संवैधानिक मान्यता समाप्त कर दी।

2. It inserted Article 342A relating to socially and educationally backward classes.

   इसने सामाजिक और शैक्षिक रूप से पिछड़े वर्गों से संबंधित अनुच्छेद 342A जोड़ा।

3. It inserted Article 15(6) concerning EWS.

   इसने EWS से संबंधित अनुच्छेद 15(6) जोड़ा।

4. It gave constitutional status to the NCBC and inserted Articles 338B and 342A, among other changes.

   इसने राष्ट्रीय पिछड़ा वर्ग आयोग को संवैधानिक दर्जा दिया और अन्य परिवर्तनों के साथ अनुच्छेद 338B तथा 342A जोड़े।

Correct Answer: (4) It gave constitutional status to the NCBC and inserted Articles 338B and 342A, among other changes.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The amendment strengthened constitutional recognition rather than abolishing it.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Article 342A was indeed inserted by the 102nd Amendment, but the statement does not fully capture the broader change asked here.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Article 15(6) was inserted by the 103rd Amendment.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - The 102nd Amendment gave constitutional status to the NCBC and inserted Articles 338B and 342A.

44 Which of the following statements about Article 342A is correct?

1. It deals exclusively with Scheduled Tribes.

   यह केवल अनुसूचित जनजातियों से संबंधित है।

2. It deals with socially and educationally backward classes and their constitutional identification framework.

   यह सामाजिक और शैक्षिक रूप से पिछड़े वर्गों तथा उनकी संवैधानिक पहचान की व्यवस्था से संबंधित है।

3. It establishes the National Commission for Scheduled Castes.

   यह राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जाति आयोग की स्थापना करता है।

4. It deals with reservation of seats in Panchayats.

   यह पंचायतों में सीटों के आरक्षण से संबंधित है।

Correct Answer: (2) It deals with socially and educationally backward classes and their constitutional identification framework.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Scheduled Tribes are dealt with under Article 342.
2. Statement 2 (✅) - Article 342A concerns socially and educationally backward classes.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - NCSC is under Article 338.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Panchayat reservation is dealt with under Article 243D.

45 After the 105th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2021, which of the following statements regarding identification of socially and educationally backward classes is correct?

1. The State Governments have no constitutional role in identifying SEBCs for their own purposes.

   राज्य सरकारों की अपनी आवश्यकताओं के लिए सामाजिक और शैक्षिक रूप से पिछड़े वर्गों की पहचान में कोई संवैधानिक भूमिका नहीं है।

2. Only the President can prepare every State's SEBC list.

   केवल राष्ट्रपति ही प्रत्येक राज्य की सामाजिक और शैक्षिक रूप से पिछड़े वर्गों की सूची तैयार कर सकते हैं।

3. The Supreme Court directly prepares State-wise SEBC lists.

   सर्वोच्च न्यायालय सीधे राज्यवार सामाजिक और शैक्षिक रूप से पिछड़े वर्गों की सूची तैयार करता है।

4. States and Union Territories may maintain their own lists of socially and educationally backward classes for their own purposes, while the Central List is maintained separately.

   राज्य और संघ राज्य क्षेत्र अपने उद्देश्यों के लिए सामाजिक और शैक्षिक रूप से पिछड़े वर्गों की अपनी सूची रख सकते हैं, जबकि केंद्रीय सूची अलग से रखी जाती है।

Correct Answer: (4) States and Union Territories may maintain their own lists of socially and educationally backward classes for their own purposes, while the Central List is maintained separately.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The 105th Amendment restored the constitutional authority of States and UTs to maintain their own SEBC lists.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - The Central List and State/UT lists have distinct constitutional treatment after the 105th Amendment.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - The Supreme Court does not prepare such lists.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - The 105th Amendment clarified and restored the State/UT power to maintain their own SEBC lists for their purposes.

46 Which of the following constitutional amendments is most directly associated with restoring the power of States to identify socially and educationally backward classes for their own purposes?

1. 89th Constitutional Amendment

   89वां संविधान संशोधन

2. 97th Constitutional Amendment

   97वां संविधान संशोधन

3. 105th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2021

   105वां संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम, 2021

4. 103rd Constitutional Amendment

   103वां संविधान संशोधन

Correct Answer: (3) 105th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2021

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - The 89th Amendment separated the NCSC and NCST.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - The 97th Amendment concerned cooperative societies.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - The 105th Amendment restored/clarified the power of States and UTs to identify SEBCs for their own purposes.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - The 103rd Amendment introduced EWS provisions.

47 Consider the following statements about reservation for SCs and STs in the Lok Sabha. Which one is correct?

1. Article 330 reserves seats for SCs and STs in the Rajya Sabha.

   अनुच्छेद 330 राज्य सभा में अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों के लिए सीटें आरक्षित करता है।

2. The number of reserved seats is identical in every State regardless of population.

   आरक्षित सीटों की संख्या प्रत्येक राज्य में जनसंख्या की परवाह किए बिना समान होती है।

3. Reservation under Article 330 applies only to Scheduled Tribes.

   अनुच्छेद 330 के अंतर्गत आरक्षण केवल अनुसूचित जनजातियों पर लागू होता है।

4. The proportion of seats reserved for SCs and STs in the Lok Sabha is broadly linked to their population in the relevant area as provided by the Constitution.

   लोक सभा में अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों के लिए आरक्षित सीटों का अनुपात संबंधित क्षेत्र में उनकी जनसंख्या से व्यापक रूप से जुड़ा है, जैसा कि संविधान में प्रावधानित है।

Correct Answer: (4) The proportion of seats reserved for SCs and STs in the Lok Sabha is broadly linked to their population in the relevant area as provided by the Constitution.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Article 330 concerns the House of the People, not the Rajya Sabha.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - The constitutional scheme takes population into account.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - Article 330 covers both SCs and STs.
4. Statement 4 (✅) - Article 330 links the reservation of seats broadly with the population of SCs/STs in the relevant State or Union Territory.

48 Which of the following statements correctly describes the constitutional position regarding reservation for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in State Legislative Assemblies?

1. Article 332 provides such reservation in the Legislative Assemblies of the States.

   अनुच्छेद 332 राज्यों की विधानसभाओं में ऐसा आरक्षण प्रदान करता है।

2. Article 332 applies to the Rajya Sabha.

   अनुच्छेद 332 राज्य सभा पर लागू होता है।

3. Article 332 provides reservation only for OBCs.

   अनुच्छेद 332 केवल अन्य पिछड़े वर्गों के लिए आरक्षण प्रदान करता है।

4. Article 332 is concerned only with government employment.

   अनुच्छेद 332 केवल सरकारी रोजगार से संबंधित है।

Correct Answer: (1) Article 332 provides such reservation in the Legislative Assemblies of the States.

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (✅) - Article 332 provides reservation of seats for SCs and STs in State Legislative Assemblies.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Article 332 concerns State Legislative Assemblies, not Rajya Sabha.
3. Statement 3 (❌) - It concerns SCs and STs, not constitutionally mandated OBC reservation in State Assemblies.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Government employment is addressed primarily under Article 16.

49 Which of the following pairs is correctly matched?

1. Article 330 — Reservation in Municipalities

   अनुच्छेद 330 — नगरपालिकाओं में आरक्षण

2. Article 332 — Reservation in Panchayats

   अनुच्छेद 332 — पंचायतों में आरक्षण

3. Article 335 — Claims of SCs and STs to services and posts

   अनुच्छेद 335 — सेवाओं और पदों में अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों के दावे

4. Article 342 — National Commission for Scheduled Castes

   अनुच्छेद 342 — राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जाति आयोग

Correct Answer: (3) Article 335 — Claims of SCs and STs to services and posts

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (❌) - Article 330 concerns reservation of SC/ST seats in the Lok Sabha; Municipalities are under Article 243T.
2. Statement 2 (❌) - Panchayat reservation is primarily under Article 243D.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - Article 335 concerns the claims of SCs and STs to services and posts while maintaining administrative efficiency.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - Article 342 concerns specification of Scheduled Tribes, whereas NCSC is under Article 338.

50 Consider the following statements regarding constitutional provisions for certain classes. Which one is correct?

1. Articles 338, 338A and 338B deal respectively with NCSC, NCST and NCBC.

   अनुच्छेद 338, 338A और 338B क्रमशः राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जाति आयोग, राष्ट्रीय अनुसूचित जनजाति आयोग और राष्ट्रीय पिछड़ा वर्ग आयोग से संबंधित हैं।

2. Articles 341 and 342 deal respectively with specification of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.

   अनुच्छेद 341 और 342 क्रमशः अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों के विनिर्देशन से संबंधित हैं।

3. Article 340 provides for a commission concerning socially and educationally backward classes, while Article 335 concerns SC/ST claims in services and posts.

   अनुच्छेद 340 सामाजिक और शैक्षिक रूप से पिछड़े वर्गों से संबंधित आयोग का प्रावधान करता है, जबकि अनुच्छेद 335 सेवाओं और पदों में अनुसूचित जाति/जनजाति के दावों से संबंधित है।

4. All of the above

   उपरोक्त सभी

Correct Answer: (4) All of the above

Explanation:

1. Statement 1 (✅) - Article 338 provides for NCSC, Article 338A for NCST and Article 338B for NCBC.
2. Statement 2 (✅) - Article 341 concerns Scheduled Castes and Article 342 concerns Scheduled Tribes.
3. Statement 3 (✅) - Article 340 concerns commissions for socially and educationally backward classes, while Article 335 concerns SC/ST claims in services and posts.
4. Statement 4 (❌) - The option itself is not a substantive constitutional provision; it is the correct combination because Statements 1, 2 and 3 are all correct.

1 Match the Following:

Article 330 Article 332 Article 334 Article 335

Claims of SCs and STs in services and posts Reservation of seats for SCs and STs in Lok Sabha Reservation of seats for SCs and STs in State Legislative Assemblies Duration of reservation and special representation Special Officer for linguistic minorities

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	C	D	A
(B)	C	B	A	D
(C)	B	D	C	A
(D)	B	C	D	A

Correct Answer: (B, C, D, A)

1. Article 330 - B - Reservation of seats for SCs and STs in Lok Sabha.
2. Article 332 - C - Reservation of seats for SCs and STs in State Legislative Assemblies.
3. Article 334 - D - Duration of reservation and special representation.
4. Article 335 - A - Claims of SCs and STs in services and posts.

2 Match the Following:

Article 338 Article 338A Article 338B Article 340

National Commission for Backward Classes National Commission for Scheduled Tribes Commission to investigate conditions of backward classes National Commission for Scheduled Castes Special provisions for Anglo-Indians

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	A	B	D	C
(B)	D	B	A	C
(C)	B	D	C	A
(D)	C	A	B	D

Correct Answer: (D, B, A, C)

1. Article 338 - D - National Commission for Scheduled Castes.
2. Article 338A - B - National Commission for Scheduled Tribes.
3. Article 338B - A - National Commission for Backward Classes.
4. Article 340 - C - Commission to investigate conditions of backward classes.

3 Match the Following:

Article 341 Article 342 Article 342A Article 339

Scheduled Tribes Scheduled Castes Socially and Educationally Backward Classes Control of the Union over administration of Scheduled Areas and welfare of STs Reservation in educational institutions

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	A	B	C	D
(B)	B	A	D	C
(C)	B	A	C	D
(D)	D	C	A	B

Correct Answer: (B, A, C, D)

1. Article 341 - B - Scheduled Castes.
2. Article 342 - A - Scheduled Tribes.
3. Article 342A - C - Socially and Educationally Backward Classes.
4. Article 339 - D - Control of the Union over administration of Scheduled Areas and welfare of STs.

4 Match the Following:

Article 330A Article 332A Article 334A 106th Constitutional Amendment

Reservation of seats for women in State Legislative Assemblies Constitutional provisions concerning women's reservation Reservation of seats for women in Lok Sabha Commencement of women's reservation after specified constitutional conditions Reservation of jobs for women

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	C	A	D	B
(B)	A	C	B	D
(C)	D	B	A	C
(D)	B	D	C	A

Correct Answer: (C, A, D, B)

1. Article 330A - C - Reservation of seats for women in Lok Sabha.
2. Article 332A - A - Reservation of seats for women in State Legislative Assemblies.
3. Article 334A - D - Commencement of women's reservation after specified constitutional conditions.
4. 106th Constitutional Amendment - B - Constitutional provisions concerning women's reservation.

5 Match the Following:

Article 330 Article 330A Article 332 Article 332A

Women in State Assemblies SC/ST in Lok Sabha Women in Lok Sabha SC/ST in State Assemblies Backward classes in Rajya Sabha

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	C	D	A
(B)	B	C	D	A
(C)	C	B	A	D
(D)	D	A	C	B

Correct Answer: (B, C, D, A)

1. Article 330 - B - SC/ST in Lok Sabha.
2. Article 330A - C - Women in Lok Sabha.
3. Article 332 - D - SC/ST in State Assemblies.
4. Article 332A - A - Women in State Assemblies.

6 Match the Following:

Article 334A(1) Article 334A(2) Article 334A(3) Article 334A(4)

Reservation continues for successive periods of fifteen years Women's reservation comes into effect after delimitation following relevant census One-third of women's reserved seats reserved for SC/ST women Rotation of reserved seats after each subsequent delimitation Reservation immediately applicable from 2024

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	C	A	D
(B)	C	B	D	A
(C)	A	D	C	B
(D)	D	A	B	C

Correct Answer: (B, C, A, D)

1. Article 334A(1) - B - Women's reservation comes into effect after delimitation following relevant census.
2. Article 334A(2) - C - One-third of women's reserved seats reserved for SC/ST women.
3. Article 334A(3) - A - Reservation continues for successive periods of fifteen years.
4. Article 334A(4) - D - Rotation of reserved seats after each subsequent delimitation.

7 Match the Following:

Article 335 Article 336 Article 337 Article 338

Educational grants for Anglo-Indian community Claims of SCs and STs in services Special provision for Anglo-Indians in certain services National Commission for Scheduled Castes National Commission for Linguistic Minorities

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	C	A	D
(B)	A	B	C	D
(C)	B	C	A	D
(D)	D	A	B	C

Correct Answer: (B, C, A, D)

1. Article 335 - B - Claims of SCs and STs in services.
2. Article 336 - C - Special provision for Anglo-Indians in certain services.
3. Article 337 - A - Educational grants for Anglo-Indian community.
4. Article 338 - D - National Commission for Scheduled Castes.

8 Match the Following:

Article 338A Article 338B Article 339 Article 340

Backward Classes Commission Union control over Scheduled Areas and ST welfare National Commission for STs National Commission for Backward Classes National Commission for SCs

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	C	D	B	A
(B)	D	C	A	B
(C)	B	A	D	C
(D)	A	B	C	D

Correct Answer: (C, D, B, A)

1. Article 338A - C - National Commission for STs.
2. Article 338B - D - National Commission for Backward Classes.
3. Article 339 - B - Union control over Scheduled Areas and ST welfare.
4. Article 340 - A - Backward Classes Commission.

9 Match the Following:

Article 341(1) Article 341(2) Article 342(1) Article 342(2)

Parliament may include or exclude groups from ST list President specifies SCs for a State/UT Parliament may include or exclude groups from SC list President specifies STs for a State/UT Governor independently alters the list

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	C	D	A
(B)	B	C	D	A
(C)	D	B	A	C
(D)	C	A	B	D

Correct Answer: (B, C, D, A)

1. Article 341(1) - B - President specifies SCs for a State/UT.
2. Article 341(2) - C - Parliament may include or exclude groups from SC list.
3. Article 342(1) - D - President specifies STs for a State/UT.
4. Article 342(2) - A - Parliament may include or exclude groups from ST list.

10 Match the Following:

First Backward Classes Commission Second Backward Classes Commission Kaka Kalelkar Commission Mandal Commission

1979 1953 Article 340 1980 report Article 342

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	A	C	D
(B)	A	B	D	C
(C)	C	D	A	B
(D)	D	C	B	A

Correct Answer: (B, A, C, D)

1. First Backward Classes Commission - B - 1953.
2. Second Backward Classes Commission - A - 1979.
3. Kaka Kalelkar Commission - C - Article 340.
4. Mandal Commission - D - 1980 report.

11 Match the Following:

Article 330 Article 334 Article 338 Article 341

SC identification SC/ST reservation in Lok Sabha National Commission for SCs Duration of reservation Backward Classes Commission

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	A	B	C	D
(B)	B	D	C	A
(C)	B	D	C	A
(D)	D	C	A	B

Correct Answer: (B, D, C, A)

1. Article 330 - B - SC/ST reservation in Lok Sabha.
2. Article 334 - D - Duration of reservation.
3. Article 338 - C - National Commission for SCs.
4. Article 341 - A - SC identification.

12 Match the Following:

SCs STs SEBCs Anglo-Indian community

Article 342A Article 341 Articles 336–337 Article 342 Article 340 only

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	D	A	C
(B)	D	B	C	A
(C)	A	C	D	B
(D)	C	A	B	D

Correct Answer: (B, D, A, C)

1. SCs - B - Article 341.
2. STs - D - Article 342.
3. SEBCs - A - Article 342A.
4. Anglo-Indian community - C - Articles 336–337.

13 Match the Following:

89th Amendment, 2003 102nd Amendment, 2018 105th Amendment, 2021 106th Amendment, 2023

Restored States' power to identify SEBCs for their own purposes Created separate National Commission for STs Constitutional status to NCBC Women's reservation in legislatures Created National Commission for SCs

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	C	A	D
(B)	B	C	A	D
(C)	D	A	C	B
(D)	C	D	B	A

Correct Answer: (B, C, A, D)

1. 89th Amendment, 2003 - B - Created separate National Commission for STs.
2. 102nd Amendment, 2018 - C - Constitutional status to NCBC.
3. 105th Amendment, 2021 - A - Restored States' power to identify SEBCs for their own purposes.
4. 106th Amendment, 2023 - D - Women's reservation in legislatures.

14 Match the Following:

Article 338(5) Article 338A(5) Article 338B(5) Article 340(1)

Functions of NCBC President appoints Commission to investigate backward classes Functions of NCSC Functions of NCST Appointment of Election Commission

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	C	D	A	B
(B)	D	C	B	A
(C)	A	B	C	D
(D)	B	A	D	C

Correct Answer: (C, D, A, B)

1. Article 338(5) - C - Functions of NCSC.
2. Article 338A(5) - D - Functions of NCST.
3. Article 338B(5) - A - Functions of NCBC.
4. Article 340(1) - B - President appoints Commission to investigate backward classes.

15 Match the Following:

Article 338(1) Article 338A(1) Article 338B(1) Article 339(1)

National Commission for Backward Classes National Commission for Scheduled Tribes Special responsibility of Union for Scheduled Areas National Commission for Scheduled Castes State Finance Commission

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	D	B	A	C
(B)	A	C	D	B
(C)	D	B	A	C
(D)	C	A	B	D

Correct Answer: (D, B, A, C)

1. Article 338(1) - D - National Commission for Scheduled Castes.
2. Article 338A(1) - B - National Commission for Scheduled Tribes.
3. Article 338B(1) - A - National Commission for Backward Classes.
4. Article 339(1) - C - Special responsibility of Union for Scheduled Areas.

16 Match the Following:

NCSC NCST NCBC Backward Classes Commission under Article 340

Constitutional body investigating backward classes on presidential reference Constitutional body for SCs Constitutional body for STs Constitutional body for backward classes Statutory body for minorities

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	C	D	A
(B)	C	D	A	B
(C)	D	A	B	C
(D)	A	B	C	D

Correct Answer: (B, C, D, A)

1. NCSC - B - Constitutional body for SCs.
2. NCST - C - Constitutional body for STs.
3. NCBC - D - Constitutional body for backward classes.
4. Backward Classes Commission under Article 340 - A - Constitutional body investigating backward classes on presidential reference.

17 Match the Following:

Article 334 104th Amendment 106th Amendment Article 334A

Extended SC/ST legislative reservation to 2030 Women's reservation commencement mechanism Earlier provision for Anglo-Indian representation ceased Duration of SC/ST legislative reservation Reservation of women in government employment

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	D	A	C	B
(B)	D	A	C	B
(C)	B	C	A	D
(D)	C	D	B	A

Correct Answer: (D, A, C, B)

1. Article 334 - D - Duration of SC/ST legislative reservation.
2. 104th Amendment - A - Extended SC/ST legislative reservation to 2030.
3. 106th Amendment - C - Earlier provision for Anglo-Indian representation ceased.
4. Article 334A - B - Women's reservation commencement mechanism.

18 Match the Following:

Article 335 proviso Article 338 Article 338A Article 338B

Relaxation in qualifying marks/standards may be considered NCSC NCST NCBC Finance Commission

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	A	B	C	D
(B)	D	C	B	A
(C)	B	D	A	C
(D)	C	A	D	B

Correct Answer: (A, B, C, D)

1. Article 335 proviso - A - Relaxation in qualifying marks/standards may be considered.
2. Article 338 - B - NCSC.
3. Article 338A - C - NCST.
4. Article 338B - D - NCBC.

19 Match the Following:

NCSC Chairperson NCST Chairperson NCBC Chairperson Members of these Commissions

Appointment by the President Terms and conditions determined by President Appointment by Governor Constitutionally recognised Commission for STs Chosen by Chief Justice of India

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	A	A	A	B
(B)	B	B	A	C
(C)	C	A	B	D
(D)	D	C	B	A

Correct Answer: (A, A, A, B)

1. NCSC Chairperson - A - Appointment by the President.
2. NCST Chairperson - A - Appointment by the President.
3. NCBC Chairperson - A - Appointment by the President.
4. Members of these Commissions - B - Terms and conditions determined by President.

20 Match the Following:

NCSC report NCST report NCBC report Article 338(7)

President causes reports to be laid before Parliament President causes report of NCST to be laid before Parliament President causes report of NCBC to be laid before Parliament President causes NCSC report to be laid before Parliament Governor alone disposes of the report

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	D	B	C	A
(B)	D	B	C	A
(C)	A	C	B	D
(D)	C	A	D	B

Correct Answer: (D, B, C, A)

1. NCSC report - D - President causes NCSC report to be laid before Parliament.
2. NCST report - B - President causes report of NCST to be laid before Parliament.
3. NCBC report - C - President causes report of NCBC to be laid before Parliament.
4. Article 338(7) - A - President causes reports to be laid before Parliament.

21 Match the Following:

Article 338(10) Article 338A(9) Article 338B(9) Article 339(2)

Union and States consult NCBC on major policy matters affecting backward classes Union and States consult NCSC on major policy matters affecting SCs Union and States consult NCST on major policy matters affecting STs Union may give directions regarding ST welfare schemes Governor appoints all Commission members

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	C	A	D
(B)	C	B	D	A
(C)	D	A	B	C
(D)	A	D	C	B

Correct Answer: (B, C, A, D)

1. Article 338(10) - B - Union and States consult NCSC on major policy matters affecting SCs.
2. Article 338A(9) - C - Union and States consult NCST on major policy matters affecting STs.
3. Article 338B(9) - A - Union and States consult NCBC on major policy matters affecting backward classes.
4. Article 339(2) - D - Union may give directions regarding ST welfare schemes.

22 Match the Following:

Article 331 Article 333 Article 336 Article 337

Anglo-Indian representation in State Assemblies Special provision for Anglo-Indians in Union/State services Anglo-Indian representation in Lok Sabha Educational grants for Anglo-Indian community Anglo-Indian reservation in Panchayats

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	C	A	B	D
(B)	A	C	D	B
(C)	D	B	A	C
(D)	B	D	C	A

Correct Answer: (C, A, B, D)

1. Article 331 - C - Anglo-Indian representation in Lok Sabha.
2. Article 333 - A - Anglo-Indian representation in State Assemblies.
3. Article 336 - B - Special provision for Anglo-Indians in Union/State services.
4. Article 337 - D - Educational grants for Anglo-Indian community.

23 Match the Following:

Article 331 Article 333 Article 336 Article 337

Provision for Anglo-Indians in State Legislative Assemblies Special provision regarding educational grants Provision regarding Anglo-Indians in services Provision for Anglo-Indians in Lok Sabha Special reservation for women

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	D	A	C	B
(B)	D	A	C	B
(C)	C	B	D	A
(D)	A	D	B	C

Correct Answer: (D, A, C, B)

1. Article 331 - D - Provision for Anglo-Indians in Lok Sabha.
2. Article 333 - A - Provision for Anglo-Indians in State Legislative Assemblies.
3. Article 336 - C - Provision regarding Anglo-Indians in services.
4. Article 337 - B - Special provision regarding educational grants.

24 Match the Following:

Article 338(2) Article 338A(2) Article 338B(2) Article 338(3)

Composition of NCSC Composition of NCST Composition of NCBC Parliament may by law regulate number of members of NCSC Composition of Election Commission

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	A	B	C	D
(B)	C	A	D	B
(C)	B	D	A	C
(D)	D	C	B	A

Correct Answer: (A, B, C, D)

1. Article 338(2) - A - Composition of NCSC.
2. Article 338A(2) - B - Composition of NCST.
3. Article 338B(2) - C - Composition of NCBC.
4. Article 338(3) - D - Parliament may by law regulate number of members of NCSC.

25 Match the Following:

Article 335 Article 16(4) Article 16(4A) Article 16(4B)

Carry-forward of unfilled reserved vacancies Claims of SCs/STs in services consistent with efficiency Reservation in promotion for SCs/STs Reservation in appointments/posts for backward classes inadequately represented Reservation in private sector

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	D	C	A
(B)	B	D	C	A
(C)	C	B	A	D
(D)	A	C	D	B

Correct Answer: (B, D, C, A)

1. Article 335 - B - Claims of SCs/STs in services consistent with efficiency.
2. Article 16(4) - D - Reservation in appointments/posts for backward classes inadequately represented.
3. Article 16(4A) - C - Reservation in promotion for SCs/STs.
4. Article 16(4B) - A - Carry-forward of unfilled reserved vacancies.

26 Match the Following:

Article 15(4) Article 15(5) Article 15(6) Article 16(4)

Reservation for EWS in educational institutions Special provision for SEBC/SC/ST educational advancement Reservation for SEBC/SC/ST in educational institutions Reservation for backward classes in public employment Reservation in Lok Sabha

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	C	A	D
(B)	C	B	D	A
(C)	A	D	C	B
(D)	D	A	B	C

Correct Answer: (B, C, A, D)

1. Article 15(4) - B - Special provision for SEBC/SC/ST educational advancement.
2. Article 15(5) - C - Reservation for SEBC/SC/ST in educational institutions.
3. Article 15(6) - A - Reservation for EWS in educational institutions.
4. Article 16(4) - D - Reservation for backward classes in public employment.

27 Match the Following:

Article 16(4A) Article 16(4B) Article 46 Article 15(5)

Promotion reservation for SC/ST Promotion of educational and economic interests of weaker sections Carry-forward of reserved vacancies Reservation in educational institutions including private unaided institutions, subject to exceptions Reservation in Parliament

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	A	C	B	D
(B)	A	C	B	D
(C)	D	B	C	A
(D)	C	A	D	B

Correct Answer: (A, C, B, D)

1. Article 16(4A) - A - Promotion reservation for SC/ST.
2. Article 16(4B) - C - Carry-forward of reserved vacancies.
3. Article 46 - B - Promotion of educational and economic interests of weaker sections.
4. Article 15(5) - D - Reservation in educational institutions including private unaided institutions, subject to exceptions.

28 Match the Following:

Article 15(4) Article 16(4A) Article 17 Article 46

Abolition of untouchability Educational advancement of SC/ST and other backward classes Promotion of educational and economic interests of weaker sections Reservation in promotion for SC/ST Political reservation in Lok Sabha

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	D	A	C
(B)	C	A	D	B
(C)	A	C	B	D
(D)	D	B	C	A

Correct Answer: (B, D, A, C)

1. Article 15(4) - B - Educational advancement of SC/ST and other backward classes.
2. Article 16(4A) - D - Reservation in promotion for SC/ST.
3. Article 17 - A - Abolition of untouchability.
4. Article 46 - C - Promotion of educational and economic interests of weaker sections.

29 Match the Following:

Article 243D Article 243T Article 330 Article 332

Reservation in Municipalities Reservation in Panchayats Reservation in Lok Sabha Reservation in State Legislative Assemblies Reservation in Rajya Sabha

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	A	C	D
(B)	B	A	C	D
(C)	C	D	B	A
(D)	D	C	A	B

Correct Answer: (B, A, C, D)

1. Article 243D - B - Reservation in Panchayats.
2. Article 243T - A - Reservation in Municipalities.
3. Article 330 - C - Reservation in Lok Sabha.
4. Article 332 - D - Reservation in State Legislative Assemblies.

30 Match the Following:

Article 243D(4) Article 243T(4) Article 330A Article 332A

Women's reservation in State Assemblies Reservation of offices of Chairpersons in Panchayats for women Women's reservation in Lok Sabha Reservation of offices of Chairpersons in Municipalities for women Women's reservation in Rajya Sabha

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	D	C	A
(B)	A	B	D	C
(C)	D	C	A	B
(D)	C	A	B	D

Correct Answer: (B, D, C, A)

1. Article 243D(4) - B - Reservation of offices of Chairpersons in Panchayats for women.
2. Article 243T(4) - D - Reservation of offices of Chairpersons in Municipalities for women.
3. Article 330A - C - Women's reservation in Lok Sabha.
4. Article 332A - A - Women's reservation in State Assemblies.

31 Match the Following:

Article 243D(1) Article 243D(2) Article 243D(3) Article 243D(4)

Reservation of at least one-third seats for women Reservation of SC/ST seats in Panchayats Reservation of at least one-third offices of Chairpersons for women Reservation of seats in proportion to population of SC/ST Reservation only for OBCs

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	D	A	C
(B)	D	B	C	A
(C)	A	C	D	B
(D)	C	A	B	D

Correct Answer: (B, D, A, C)

1. Article 243D(1) - B - Reservation of SC/ST seats in Panchayats.
2. Article 243D(2) - D - Reservation of seats in proportion to population of SC/ST.
3. Article 243D(3) - A - Reservation of at least one-third seats for women.
4. Article 243D(4) - C - Reservation of at least one-third offices of Chairpersons for women.

32 Match the Following:

Article 243T(1) Article 243T(2) Article 243T(3) Article 243T(4)

Reservation of offices of Chairpersons for women Reservation of SC/ST seats in Municipalities Reservation of at least one-third seats for women Reservation of SC/ST seats in every Municipality Reservation only in Nagar Panchayats

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	D	B	C	A
(B)	D	B	C	A
(C)	A	C	B	D
(D)	C	A	D	B

Correct Answer: (D, B, C, A)

1. Article 243T(1) - D - Reservation of SC/ST seats in every Municipality.
2. Article 243T(2) - B - Reservation of SC/ST seats in Municipalities.
3. Article 243T(3) - C - Reservation of at least one-third seats for women.
4. Article 243T(4) - A - Reservation of offices of Chairpersons for women.

33 Match the Following:

Article 338(1) Article 338A(1) Article 338B(1) Article 342A

SEBCs SCs STs Backward Classes Commission Anglo-Indian community

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	C	D	A
(B)	C	B	A	D
(C)	D	A	C	B
(D)	A	D	B	C

Correct Answer: (B, C, D, A)

1. Article 338(1) - B - SCs.
2. Article 338A(1) - C - STs.
3. Article 338B(1) - D - Backward Classes Commission.
4. Article 342A - A - SEBCs.

34 Match the Following:

102nd Amendment 105th Amendment 89th Amendment 104th Amendment

Extended SC/ST seat reservation in legislatures Created separate NCST Constitutional status to NCBC Clarified States' power regarding their own SEBC lists Introduced EWS reservation

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	C	D	B	A
(B)	C	D	B	A
(C)	A	B	D	C
(D)	D	A	C	B

Correct Answer: (C, D, B, A)

1. 102nd Amendment - C - Constitutional status to NCBC.
2. 105th Amendment - D - Clarified States' power regarding their own SEBC lists.
3. 89th Amendment - B - Created separate NCST.
4. 104th Amendment - A - Extended SC/ST seat reservation in legislatures.

35 Match the Following:

Article 341 Article 342 Article 342A Article 338B

NCBC SC list ST list SEBC list Inter-State Council

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	C	D	A
(B)	C	B	A	D
(C)	D	A	C	B
(D)	A	D	B	C

Correct Answer: (B, C, D, A)

1. Article 341 - B - SC list.
2. Article 342 - C - ST list.
3. Article 342A - D - SEBC list.
4. Article 338B - A - NCBC.

36 Match the Following:

Article 342A(1) Article 342A(2) Article 342A(3) 105th Amendment

State/UT may maintain its own list of SEBCs for its own purposes President specifies Central List of SEBCs for each State/UT Parliament may include/exclude from Central List Constitutional clarification restoring States' identification power Governor specifies Central List

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	C	A	D
(B)	B	C	A	D
(C)	C	B	D	A
(D)	D	A	B	C

Correct Answer: (B, C, A, D)

1. Article 342A(1) - B - President specifies Central List of SEBCs for each State/UT.
2. Article 342A(2) - C - Parliament may include/exclude from Central List.
3. Article 342A(3) - A - State/UT may maintain its own list of SEBCs for its own purposes.
4. 105th Amendment - D - Constitutional clarification restoring States' identification power.

37 Match the Following:

Article 338(6) Article 338A(6) Article 338B(6) Article 340(2)

Backward Classes Commission report submitted to President NCSC's powers of civil court NCST's powers of civil court NCBC's powers of civil court Election Commission's powers

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	C	D	A
(B)	C	D	B	A
(C)	D	B	A	C
(D)	A	C	B	D

Correct Answer: (B, C, D, A)

1. Article 338(6) - B - NCSC's powers of civil court.
2. Article 338A(6) - C - NCST's powers of civil court.
3. Article 338B(6) - D - NCBC's powers of civil court.
4. Article 340(2) - A - Backward Classes Commission report submitted to President.

38 Match the Following:

NCSC NCST NCBC Commission under Article 340

Can investigate safeguards for backward classes Investigates conditions of socially and educationally backward classes on presidential reference Can investigate safeguards for Scheduled Castes Can investigate safeguards for Scheduled Tribes Deals exclusively with electoral delimitation

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	C	D	A	B
(B)	A	B	C	D
(C)	D	C	B	A
(D)	B	A	D	C

Correct Answer: (C, D, A, B)

1. NCSC - C - Can investigate safeguards for Scheduled Castes.
2. NCST - D - Can investigate safeguards for Scheduled Tribes.
3. NCBC - A - Can investigate safeguards for backward classes.
4. Commission under Article 340 - B - Investigates conditions of socially and educationally backward classes on presidential reference.

39 Match the Following:

Article 330A(1) Article 330A(2) Article 332A(1) Article 332A(2)

Women-specific reservation in State Assemblies One-third of seats reserved for SC/ST under Article 332 to be reserved for SC/ST women Women-specific reservation in Lok Sabha One-third of seats reserved for SC/ST under Article 330 to be reserved for SC/ST women Women-only reservation in Rajya Sabha

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	C	D	A	B
(B)	A	B	C	D
(C)	D	C	B	A
(D)	B	A	D	C

Correct Answer: (C, D, A, B)

1. Article 330A(1) - C - Women-specific reservation in Lok Sabha.
2. Article 330A(2) - D - One-third of seats reserved for SC/ST under Article 330 to be reserved for SC/ST women.
3. Article 332A(1) - A - Women-specific reservation in State Assemblies.
4. Article 332A(2) - B - One-third of seats reserved for SC/ST under Article 332 to be reserved for SC/ST women.

40 Match the Following:

Article 334A(1) Article 334A(2) Article 334A(3) Article 334A(4)

Rotation of seats reserved for women Commencement after delimitation following publication of census figures SC/ST women included within women's reservation Duration of reservation Immediate reservation without delimitation

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	D	B	C	A
(B)	B	C	D	A
(C)	C	A	B	D
(D)	A	D	C	B

Correct Answer: (B, C, D, A)

1. Article 334A(1) - B - Commencement after delimitation following publication of census figures.
2. Article 334A(2) - C - SC/ST women included within women's reservation.
3. Article 334A(3) - D - Duration of reservation.
4. Article 334A(4) - A - Rotation of seats reserved for women.

41 Match the Following:

Article 335 Article 46 Article 338 Article 341

Identification of Scheduled Castes Constitutional Commission for SCs Claims of SC/ST in public services Directive for weaker sections Identification of SEBCs only

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	C	D	B	A
(B)	D	C	A	B
(C)	A	B	C	D
(D)	B	A	D	C

Correct Answer: (C, D, B, A)

1. Article 335 - C - Claims of SC/ST in public services.
2. Article 46 - D - Directive for weaker sections.
3. Article 338 - B - Constitutional Commission for SCs.
4. Article 341 - A - Identification of Scheduled Castes.

42 Match the Following:

Article 16(4) Article 16(4A) Article 16(4B) Article 335

Carry-forward vacancies Backward-class reservation in appointments SC/ST claims in services SC/ST reservation in promotion Political reservation

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	D	A	C
(B)	B	D	A	C
(C)	C	A	D	B
(D)	D	C	B	A

Correct Answer: (B, D, A, C)

1. Article 16(4) - B - Backward-class reservation in appointments.
2. Article 16(4A) - D - SC/ST reservation in promotion.
3. Article 16(4B) - A - Carry-forward vacancies.
4. Article 335 - C - SC/ST claims in services.

43 Match the Following:

Article 15(4) Article 15(5) Article 16(4) Article 46

Educational institutions Public employment Educational and economic interests of weaker sections Special educational provisions for SEBC/SC/ST Political representation

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	D	A	B	C
(B)	A	D	C	B
(C)	C	B	D	A
(D)	B	C	A	D

Correct Answer: (D, A, B, C)

1. Article 15(4) - D - Special educational provisions for SEBC/SC/ST.
2. Article 15(5) - A - Educational institutions.
3. Article 16(4) - B - Public employment.
4. Article 46 - C - Educational and economic interests of weaker sections.

44 Match the Following:

89th Amendment 102nd Amendment 104th Amendment 106th Amendment

Women's reservation provisions Separate NCST Extended SC/ST legislative reservation NCBC constitutional status SEBC State-list restoration

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	D	C	A
(B)	B	D	C	A
(C)	C	A	D	B
(D)	A	B	C	D

Correct Answer: (B, D, C, A)

1. 89th Amendment - B - Separate NCST.
2. 102nd Amendment - D - NCBC constitutional status.
3. 104th Amendment - C - Extended SC/ST legislative reservation.
4. 106th Amendment - A - Women's reservation provisions.

45 Match the Following:

Article 330A Article 332A Article 334A Article 342A

SEBC constitutional framework Women's reservation in State Assemblies Women's reservation in Lok Sabha Implementation and duration framework for women's reservation SC/ST identification

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	C	B	D	A
(B)	B	C	A	D
(C)	D	A	C	B
(D)	A	D	B	C

Correct Answer: (C, B, D, A)

1. Article 330A - C - Women's reservation in Lok Sabha.
2. Article 332A - B - Women's reservation in State Assemblies.
3. Article 334A - D - Implementation and duration framework for women's reservation.
4. Article 342A - A - SEBC constitutional framework.

46 Match the Following:

SC/ST reservation in Lok Sabha SC/ST reservation in State Assemblies SC/ST reservation in Panchayats SC/ST reservation in Municipalities

Article 243T Article 330 Article 332 Article 243D Article 334A

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	C	D	A
(B)	B	C	D	A
(C)	C	B	A	D
(D)	D	A	B	C

Correct Answer: (B, C, D, A)

1. SC/ST reservation in Lok Sabha - B - Article 330.
2. SC/ST reservation in State Assemblies - C - Article 332.
3. SC/ST reservation in Panchayats - D - Article 243D.
4. SC/ST reservation in Municipalities - A - Article 243T.

47 Match the Following:

Article 338 Article 338A Article 338B Article 341

SC list notified by President NCST NCBC NCSC SEBC list

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	D	B	C	A
(B)	A	C	D	B
(C)	C	D	B	A
(D)	B	A	C	D

Correct Answer: (D, B, C, A)

1. Article 338 - D - NCSC.
2. Article 338A - B - NCST.
3. Article 338B - C - NCBC.
4. Article 341 - A - SC list notified by President.

48 Match the Following:

Article 330A Article 332A Article 334A 106th Amendment

Introduced constitutional framework for women's legislative reservation Women's reservation in Lok Sabha Women's reservation in State Legislative Assemblies Provides for commencement after delimitation based on relevant census Reservation for women in Rajya Sabha

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	B	C	D	A
(B)	B	C	D	A
(C)	D	A	B	C
(D)	C	B	A	D

Correct Answer: (B, C, D, A)

1. Article 330A - B - Women's reservation in Lok Sabha.
2. Article 332A - C - Women's reservation in State Legislative Assemblies.
3. Article 334A - D - Provides for commencement after delimitation based on relevant census.
4. 106th Amendment - A - Introduced constitutional framework for women's legislative reservation.

49 Match the Following:

SCs STs SEBCs Women

Articles 330A, 332A and 334A Articles 342 and 338A Articles 342A and 338B Articles 341 and 338 Article 343 only

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	D	B	C	A
(B)	B	D	A	C
(C)	C	A	D	B
(D)	A	C	B	D

Correct Answer: (D, B, C, A)

1. SCs - D - Articles 341 and 338.
2. STs - B - Articles 342 and 338A.
3. SEBCs - C - Articles 342A and 338B.
4. Women - A - Articles 330A, 332A and 334A.

50 Match the Following:

SCs STs Backward Classes Women

Article 338B and Article 342A Articles 330A, 332A and 334A Article 338 and Article 341 Article 338A and Article 342 Article 340 only

Options	1	2	3	4
(A)	C	D	A	B
(B)	D	C	B	A
(C)	C	D	A	B
(D)	A	B	D	C

Correct Answer: (C, D, A, B)

1. SCs - C - Article 338 and Article 341.
2. STs - D - Article 338A and Article 342.
3. Backward Classes - A - Article 338B and Article 342A.
4. Women - B - Articles 330A, 332A and 334A.