Rights Issues in India

Create top most important fill in the blanks based on following: With answers just below for every question: note - I am preparing for upsc mains polity paper. Chapter twenty-three Rights Issues in India Being a vibrant democracy, India has seen and continues to see a vigorous rights’ discourse happening. Many civil society organisations, rights groups have all along been campaigning for rights so that no person is subjected to exploitation and all have access to meaningful human development. Besides, the Judiciary led by the Supreme Court and several statutory commissions have contributed substantially to rights campaign in India. Women Rights in India — The principle of gender equality is enshrined in the Indian Constitution and its Preamble, Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties and Directive Principles. — The Constitution not only grants equality to women, but also empowers the state to adopt measures of positive discrimination in favour of women. For neutralising the cumulative socio-economic, education and political disadvantages faced by them. — Within the framework of a democratic polity, our laws, developmental policies, plans and programmes have aimed at women’s advancement in different spheres. — India has also ratified various international conventions and human rights instruments committing to secure equal rights of women. — Fundamental Rights, among others, ensure equality before the law and equal protection of law; prohibits discrimination against any citizen on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth and guarantee equality of opportunity to all citizens in matters relating to employment. The United Nations and Women’s Rights —In 1946 the UN established a Commission on the status of women. —The Convention on Elimination of all forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) was adopted in 1979 by UN General Assembly. —United Nations Women (UNW) is an UN entity for gender equality and empowerment of women.

Here are important fill-in-the-blanks questions with answers based on the provided content:

1. India is a vibrant ________, with ongoing rights discourse led by civil society and rights groups.
Answer: democracy

2. Civil society organizations and rights groups in India campaign for rights to ensure that no person is subjected to _________.
Answer: exploitation

3. The Judiciary, led by the ________, has substantially contributed to the rights campaign in India.
Answer: Supreme Court

4. The principle of ________ equality is enshrined in the Indian Constitution.
Answer: gender

5. The Preamble, Fundamental Rights, ________, and Directive Principles uphold gender equality in the Indian Constitution.
Answer: Fundamental Duties

6. The Indian Constitution empowers the state to adopt measures of positive ________ in favor of women.
Answer: discrimination

7. Within the democratic polity, laws, developmental policies, and programmes aim at women's ________ in different spheres.
Answer: advancement

8. India has ratified various international conventions and human rights instruments to secure ________ rights for women.
Answer: equal

9. Fundamental Rights ensure ________ before the law and equal protection of the law.
Answer: equality

10. Fundamental Rights prohibit discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or ________.
Answer: place of birth

11. Fundamental Rights guarantee equality of ________ to all citizens in matters related to employment.
Answer: opportunity

12. In 1946, the United Nations established a Commission on the ________ of women.
Answer: status

13. The Convention on Elimination of all Forms of ________ Against Women (CEDAW) was adopted in 1979.
Answer: Discrimination

14. The Convention on Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women was adopted by the ________ General Assembly.
Answer: UN

15. ________ is a United Nations entity for gender equality and the empowerment of women.
Answer: United Nations Women (UNW)

16. Positive discrimination measures are adopted to neutralize ________ disadvantages faced by women.
Answer: socio-economic, education, and political

17. The Indian Constitution grants equality to women and also empowers the ________ to adopt measures for their welfare.
Answer: state

18. Women’s rights are protected within the framework of a ________ polity in India.
Answer: democratic

19. Fundamental Rights prohibit discrimination against any ________ on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth.
Answer: citizen

20. The United Nations adopted CEDAW in the year ________.
Answer: 1979

21. The ________ was established in 1946 to address the status of women globally.
Answer: UN Commission on the Status of Women

22. ________ provides guarantees of equality in employment opportunities in India.
Answer: Fundamental Rights

23. The Indian Constitution emphasizes gender equality through its Preamble, ________, and Directive Principles.
Answer: Fundamental Duties

24. India’s laws and developmental policies aim at ________ women in various fields.
Answer: advancing

25. The Supreme Court and statutory commissions play a critical role in protecting ________ in India.
Answer: rights

26. United Nations Women focuses on ________ equality and women’s empowerment.
Answer: gender

27. Positive discrimination in favor of women is aimed at addressing cumulative ________ disadvantages.
Answer: socio-economic

28. The Preamble of the Indian Constitution reflects the principle of ________ equality.
Answer: gender

29. Women’s rights campaigns in India aim to ensure ________ human development.
Answer: meaningful

30. The Commission on the Status of Women was established by the United Nations in the year ________.
Answer: 1946

These fill-in-the-blanks questions will help strengthen your understanding of the chapter. Let me know if you need further assistance!

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now for: Indian Efforts Constitutional Provisions — Equality before law [Article 14] — No discrimination by state on grounds only of religion, race, caste , sex, place of birth or any of them [Article 15 (i)] — Special provision by state in favour of Women and Children [Article 15(3)] — Equality of opportunity in matters relating to employment [Article 16] — Securing adequate means of livelihood for men and women equally [Article 39 (a)] Equal pay for Equal Work [Article 39(d)] — Ensuring health and strength of women workers are not abused and they are not forced by economic necessity to enter a vocations unsuited to strength [Article 39(e)] — Promoting justice on basis of equal opportunity and to provide free legal aid [Article 39(A)] Renounce practices derogatory to women [Article 51 (A) (e)] — 1/3 reservation for women in panchayats [Article 243(D)] and in municipalities [Article 243(T)] — Right to Property to Women [Article 300 (a)] Legislations — Abolition of Sati Act, 1829 — Special Marriage Act, 1954 — Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 — Hindu Succession Act, 1956 — Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act, 1956 — Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 — Maternity Benefits Act, 1961 — Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1971 — Indecent Representation of Women (Prohibition) Act, 1986 — Sati (Prevention) Act,1987 — Domestic Violence Act, 2005 — Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013

Here are important fill-in-the-blanks questions with answers based on the provided content:

Constitutional Provisions

1. Equality before law is guaranteed under Article ________ of the Indian Constitution.
Answer: 14

2. Article ________ prohibits discrimination by the state on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth, or any of them.
Answer: 15(1)

3. Article 15(3) allows the state to make special provisions in favor of ________ and ________.
Answer: women, children

4. Article ________ ensures equality of opportunity in matters relating to employment.
Answer: 16

5. Article 39(a) directs the state to secure adequate means of ________ for men and women equally.
Answer: livelihood

6. The principle of "Equal pay for Equal Work" is enshrined under Article ________.
Answer: 39(d)

7. Article 39(e) ensures that the health and strength of ________ workers are not abused.
Answer: women

8. Promoting justice based on equal opportunity and providing free legal aid is mandated by Article ________.
Answer: 39(A)

9. Article 51(A)(e) obligates citizens to renounce practices derogatory to ________.
Answer: women

10. One-third reservation for women in panchayats is provided under Article ________.
Answer: 243(D)

11. Article 243(T) provides one-third reservation for women in ________.
Answer: municipalities

12. The right to property for women is ensured under Article ________.
Answer: 300(a)

Legislations

13. The ________ Act of 1829 abolished the practice of Sati.
Answer: Abolition of Sati

14. The ________ Act of 1954 regulates civil marriages in India.
Answer: Special Marriage

15. The ________ Act of 1955 governs marriage and divorce among Hindus.
Answer: Hindu Marriage

16. The Hindu Succession Act of ________ ensures inheritance rights for women.
Answer: 1956

17. The Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act was enacted in ________.
Answer: 1956

18. The ________ Act of 1961 prohibits the giving and taking of dowry.
Answer: Dowry Prohibition

19. The Maternity Benefits Act was passed in the year ________.
Answer: 1961

20. The Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act was enacted in ________.
Answer: 1971

21. The ________ Act of 1986 prohibits the indecent representation of women.
Answer: Indecent Representation of Women (Prohibition)

22. The Sati (Prevention) Act was enacted in the year ________.
Answer: 1987

23. The Domestic Violence Act was introduced in ________.
Answer: 2005

24. The ________ Act of 2013 addresses sexual harassment of women at workplaces.
Answer: Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition, and Redressal)

These questions focus on key constitutional provisions and legislations for women’s rights in India, relevant for UPSC preparation. Let me know if you need more questions!

now for: Women’s Reservation Bill The Women’s Reservation Bill is a proposed legislation to reserve 33.3 per cent of seats in Parliament and State Legislatures for women. This would mean reserving 181 of the 543 seats in the Lok Sabha and 1370 out of a total of 4109 seats in the 28 State Assemblies for women. In case of seats reserved for SC-ST candidates, 33.3 per cent would have to be reserved for women. The reservation of seats is proposed to be on rotation basis, which means that the 33.3 % seats reserved in one election would cease to be reserved in the next election. In its place, another set of seats totaling 33.3% would get reserved. The provision for reservation is proposed to be in place for 15 years. The Bill is an extension of the 33.3% reservation of seats for women in the Panchayats to the State Legislatures and the Parliament. The proposed legislation was first introduced in the Lok Sabha on 12th September 1996 by the United Front Government as the 81 st Constitutional Amendment Bill. In 1998 it was re-introduced in the 12th Lok Sabha as the 84th Constitutional Amendment Bill by the National Democratic Alliance (NDA) Government. It was reintroduced again in 1999, 2002, 2003. In 2004, it was included in the Common Minimum Programme of the UPA government. All these years the Bill could not be passed because of lack of political consensus. It was again tabled in the Rajya Sabha in 2008 and has now been passed by the Rajya Sabha in 2010. National Commission for Women — It was set-up as a statutory body in January 1992, under the National Commission for Woman Act, 1990. It consists of a chairperson and five members, nominated by Central Government. National Plan of Action for the Girl Child (1991-2000) — The plan of action is to ensure survival, protection and development of the girl child with the ultimate objective of building up a better future for the girl child. National Policy for the Empowerment of Women, 2001 — The Department of Women and Child Development in the Ministry of Human Resource Development has prepared a “National Policy for the Empowerment of Women” in the year 2001. The goal of this policy is to bring about the advancement, development and empowerment of women. Rights of Disabled Persons UN Convention on the Rights of Person with Disabilities, 2006 — India is a signatory to The UN Convention on the Rights of Person with Disabilities (UNCRPD). — 3 important obligations arise out of the convention, namely —Implementation of provisions of UNCRPD —Harmonisation of Indian Laws with UNCRPD —Preparation of a country Report by 2010 Constitutional Provisions — Article 41–The state shall make effective provision for securing the right to work to education and to public assistance in cases of unemployment, old age, sickness and disablement. The subject of “relief of the disabled and unemployable” is specified in List II (State List) of 7th Schedule of the Constitution. Legislations in India — Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995 — National Trust for Welfare of Persons with Autism, Cerebral Palsy. mental retardation and Multiple Disabilities Act, 1999 — Rehabilitation Council of India Act, 1992 — Mental Health Act, 1987 — National Policy for Persons with Disabilities, 2006 Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 — The Right of Person with Disabilities Act, 2016 was introduced in Parliament in 7th February, 2014 and passed on 16th February, 2016. It fulfilled obligation to the United Nation Convention on Right of Person with Disabilities (UNCRPD). — The Act replace the Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995. Definition of Disability — Disability is defined to include 21 conditions such as: autism; low vision and blindness; cerebral palsy; deaf blindness; haemophilia; hearing impairment; leprosy; intellectual disability; mental illness; muscular dystrophy; multiple sclerosis; learning disability; speech and language disability; sickle cell disease; thalassemia; chronic neurological conditions; and multiple disability. Persons with benchmark disabilities are defined as those with atleast 40% of any of the above specified disabilities. Rights of Persons with Disabilities — The Bill states that persons with disabilities shall have the right to equality and shall not be discriminated against on grounds of their disability. — Rights of disabled persons include protection from in human treatment and equal protection and safety in situations of risk, armed conflict, humanitarian emergencies and natural disasters

Fill-in-the-Blanks Questions with Answers

Women’s Reservation Bill

1. The Women’s Reservation Bill proposes to reserve ________ percent of seats in Parliament and State Legislatures for women.
Answer: 33.3

2. As per the Bill, ________ out of the 543 seats in the Lok Sabha would be reserved for women.
Answer: 181

3. In State Assemblies, ________ out of a total of 4109 seats are proposed to be reserved for women.
Answer: 1370

4. The reserved seats would be allocated on a ________ basis, meaning they would change every election.
Answer: rotation

5. The reservation provision in the Women’s Reservation Bill is proposed to be in place for ________ years.
Answer: 15

6. The Bill was first introduced in the Lok Sabha on ________, by the United Front Government as the 81st Constitutional Amendment Bill.
Answer: 12th September 1996

7. The National Democratic Alliance (NDA) government reintroduced the Bill in ________ as the 84th Constitutional Amendment Bill.
Answer: 1998

8. The Bill was passed by the Rajya Sabha in ________.
Answer: 2010

National Commission for Women

9. The National Commission for Women was set up in ________, under the National Commission for Women Act, 1990.
Answer: January 1992

10. The Commission consists of a chairperson and ________ members nominated by the Central Government.
Answer: five

National Plan of Action for the Girl Child (1991–2000)

11. The National Plan of Action aimed to ensure ________, ________, and ________ of the girl child.
Answer: survival, protection, development

National Policy for the Empowerment of Women, 2001

12. The goal of the National Policy for the Empowerment of Women is to bring about ________, ________, and ________ of women.
Answer: advancement, development, empowerment

Rights of Disabled Persons

13. India is a signatory to the ________, adopted in 2006, which outlines obligations for the protection of the rights of disabled persons.
Answer: UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD)

14. Article ________ of the Constitution directs the state to provide effective provisions for securing the right to work, education, and public assistance in cases of unemployment, old age, sickness, and disablement.
Answer: 41

15. The subject “relief of the disabled and unemployable” is listed in ________ of the 7th Schedule of the Constitution.
Answer: List II (State List)

16. The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, ________, replaced the Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995.
Answer: 2016

17. The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, defines disability to include ________ conditions such as autism, low vision, blindness, cerebral palsy, and thalassemia.
Answer: 21

18. Persons with benchmark disabilities are defined as those with at least ________ percent of any specified disability.
Answer: 40

19. The rights of disabled persons include protection from ________ treatment and equal protection in situations of risk, armed conflict, and humanitarian emergencies.
Answer: inhuman

These fill-in-the-blanks questions are concise and directly related to your UPSC polity syllabus. Let me know if you need further customizations!

great i iked the approach: for each fill in the blanks question you are also mentionning the name of the topic above the question, now create fill in the blanks for: All existing public buildings shall be made accessible for disabled persons within 5 years of the regulations being formulated by the National Commission for Persons with Disabilities. — No establishment will be granted permission to build any structure, issued a completion certification or allowed to occupy a building, if the building does not adhere to the regulations formulated by the commission. Education, Skill Development and Employment — The Bill provides for the access to inclusive education, vocational training and self-employment of disabled persons. — All government institutions of higher education and those getting aid from the government are required to reserve at least 5% of seats for persons with benchmark disabilities. — The central and state governments have to identify posts in establishments under them to be reserved for persons with benchmark disabilities. — At least 4% of the vacancies are to be filled by persons or class of persons with at least 40% of any of the disabilities. Of this, 1% shall be reserved for persons with —blindness and low vision; —hearing and speech impairment; —locomotor disability; —autism, intellectual disability and mental illness; and multiple disabilities. — The bill provides that the reservation has to be computed on the basis of total number of vacancies in the strength of a cadre. The government may exempt any establishment from this provision. Legal Capacity — Disabled persons have the right, equally with others, to own and inherit movable and immovable property, as well as control their financial affairs. Guardianship — The bill provides that if a district court finds that a mentally ill person is not capable of taking care of him/herself or of taking legally binding decisions, it may order guardianship to the person. The nature of such guardianship is also specified. National and State Commissions for Persons with Disabilities — The Central and State Governments are required to establish a National and State Commissions for Persons with Disabilities, respectively. The Commissions will be composed of experts and be required to —Identify any laws, policies or programmes that are inconsistent with the Act; —Inquire into matters relating to deprivation of rights and safeguards available to disabled persons, —Monitor implementation of the Act and utilisation of funds disbursed by governments for the benefit of disabled persons. Central and State Advisory Boards — The Central Government and State Governments shall constitute Central and State Advisory Boards on Disability. — The boards shall advise governments on policies and programmes on disability and review the activities of organisations dealing with disabled persons. The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers [Recognition of Forest Right] Act, 2006 — The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 is a result of the protracted struggle by the marginal and tribal communities of our country to assert their rights over the forestland over which they were traditionally dependent. — This act is crucial to the rights of millions of tribals and other forest dwellers in different parts of our country as it provides for the restitution of deprived forest rights across India, including both individual rights to cultivated land in forestland and community rights over common property resources. — The notification of rules for the implementation of the Forest Rights Act, 2006 on 1st January, 2008, has finally paved the way to undo the ‘historic injustice’ done to the tribals and other forest dwellers. — The livelihood of perhaps 100 million poorest of the poor (The Indian Forest Rights Act 2006: Communing Enclosures) stands to improve if implementation can succeed. The act is significant as it provides scope and historic opportunity of integrating conservation and livelihood rights of the people. —To empower and strengthen the local self-governor. —To address the livelihood security of the people, leading to poverty alleviation and pro poor growth. —To address the issues of conservation and management of the Natural Resources and conservation Governance of India. Significance of the Act — For the first time Forest Rights Act recognises and secures —Community Rights or rights over common property resources of the communities in addition to their individual rights —Rights in and over disputed land rights of settlement and conversion of all forest villages, old habitation, un-surveyed villages and other villages in forests into revenue villages —Right to protect, regenerate or conserve or manage any community forest resource which the communities have been traditionally protecting and conserving for sustainable use. Right to intellectual property and traditional knowledge related to biodiversity and cultural diversity —Rights of displaced communities —Rights over developmental activities.

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Accessibility for Disabled Persons

All existing public buildings shall be made accessible for disabled persons within ___ years of the regulations being formulated by the National Commission for Persons with Disabilities.
(Answer: 5)
No establishment will be granted permission to build, issued a completion certificate, or allowed to occupy a building if it does not adhere to the regulations formulated by the ___.
(Answer: National Commission for Persons with Disabilities)

Education, Skill Development, and Employment

The Bill mandates that at least ___% of seats in government-aided higher education institutions be reserved for persons with benchmark disabilities.
(Answer: 5)
The central and state governments must reserve at least ___% of vacancies for persons with benchmark disabilities, computed on the basis of the total number of vacancies in the strength of a cadre.
(Answer: 4)
Among the reserved vacancies, ___% is allocated to persons with blindness and low vision, hearing and speech impairment, locomotor disability, autism, intellectual disability, mental illness, and multiple disabilities.
(Answer: 1)

Legal Capacity

Disabled persons have the right, equally with others, to own and inherit ___ and ___ property, as well as control their financial affairs.
(Answer: movable, immovable)

Guardianship

A district court may order ___ for a mentally ill person deemed incapable of taking legally binding decisions or taking care of themselves.
(Answer: guardianship)

National and State Commissions for Persons with Disabilities

The ___ and ___ Governments are required to establish National and State Commissions for Persons with Disabilities.
(Answer: Central, State)
The Commissions must identify any ___, policies, or programmes inconsistent with the Act and inquire into matters relating to the deprivation of rights of disabled persons.
(Answer: laws)

Central and State Advisory Boards

The Central and State Advisory Boards on Disability will advise governments on ___ and ___ on disability and review the activities of organisations dealing with disabled persons.
(Answer: policies, programmes)

Forest Rights Act, 2006

The Forest Rights Act, 2006 is a result of the struggle by ___ and ___ communities to assert their rights over forestland.
(Answer: marginal, tribal)
The Act provides restitution of ___ rights to cultivated land and ___ rights over common property resources.
(Answer: individual, community)
The notification of rules for the implementation of the Forest Rights Act occurred on ___, undoing the historic injustice done to tribal and forest-dwelling communities.
(Answer: 1st January, 2008)
The Act empowers local self-governance, addresses livelihood security, and integrates ___ and ___ rights of people.
(Answer: conservation, livelihood)
For the first time, the Act recognises ___ rights, rights in disputed land, and the conversion of forest villages into ___ villages.
(Answer: community, revenue)

great remember the format of above propmt, now i need fill in the blanks for the following content: Gram Sabha — The Gram Sabha shall monitor the committee constituted for the protection of wildlife, forest and biodiversity. It has to approve all decisions of the committee pertaining to the issue of transit permits to transport minor forest produce, use of income from sale of produce or modification of management plans. The collection of minor forest produce is to be free of all fees. The committee has to prepare a conservation and management plan for community forest resources. — The Forest Rights Committee (FRC) of the Gram Sabha shall not re-examine recognised forest rights or interfere in the verification of claims that are pending. The number of Scheduled Tribes represented on the FRC has increased from one-third to two-thirds. — The quorum of the Gram Sabha meeting has been decreased from two thirds to one-half of the members. Atleast one-third of the members present shall be women. While passing a resolution regarding the claims of forest rights, atleast 50% of the claimants to forest rights or their representatives should be present. District Level Committee — The committee should ensure that a certified copy of the record of the right to community forest resource is provided to the Gram Sabha. State Level Monitoring Committee — The committee should meet atleast once in three months to monitor the recognition, verification and vesting of forest rights and furnish a quarterly report to the Central Government. — ‘Bonafide livelihood needs’ refers to the fulfillment of livelihood needs, these can be fulfilled through the sale of surplus produce. — A definition of ‘community rights’ was added and includes rights such as (a) ownership, access to collect, use and dispose of minor forest produce, (b) fishing and grazing, (c) conversion of all forest villages into revenue villages. — ‘Disposal of minor forest produce’ includes individual or collective processing and storage by the Scheduled Tribes. The produce can be transported through appropriate means of transport. Process of Recognition of Rights — A process to identify unrecorded or unsurveyed settlements or forest villages by every Panchayat was introduced. A process of recognition of individual rights and community rights has been incorporated. The delineation of community forest resources may include existing legal boundaries such as reserve forests, protected forests and national parks. Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005 — The people have human right to work or engage in productive employment, which will ensure social, economic and cultural development of individuals. MGNREGA was launched keeping this objective in mind. — This flagship programme was launched in 2005 by the UPA Government for providing employment opportunities to the rural poor alongside developing rural infrastructure. Salient Features of MGNREGA — Following are the salient features of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act Historic Act — For the first time in the history of India, every rural household will have right to livelihood through guaranteed 100 days of employment in a financial year at their own place. — On 2nd October, 2009, NREGA (National Rural Employment Gurantee Act) was changed to MGNREGA. Right to Demand Work — Every household will have right to demand 100 days employment from the government. Thus, it is demand driven scheme and not a supply. This means that the government is obliged to provide work for all the mandays on demand. Unemployment Allowance — If State Government failed to provide 100 days employment on demand to any household, then compensation will be paid by the State Government to the eligible applicants subject to household entitlement in terms of unemployment allowance as per rates prescribed. Selection of Works by Villagers — Villagers themselves, not officials, will decide through Gram Sabha, the priority of works to be taken up to develop their village from amongst the permissible works. Works like water supply, roads, schooling facilities are generally undertaken. Priority to Women — Women will have priority in the scheme for allocation of employment and 1/3rd of the employment will be provided to them. The wages shall be paid equally and directly to women.

Gram Sabha

The Gram Sabha monitors the committee constituted for the protection of ___, ___, and ___.
(Answer: wildlife, forest, biodiversity)
The collection of minor forest produce is to be free of all ___.
(Answer: fees)
The number of Scheduled Tribes represented on the Forest Rights Committee (FRC) has increased from ___ to ___.
(Answer: one-third, two-thirds)
The quorum of the Gram Sabha meeting has been decreased from ___ to ___ of the members, and at least ___ of the members present shall be women.
(Answer: two-thirds, one-half, one-third)
While passing a resolution regarding claims of forest rights, at least ___% of the claimants or their representatives should be present.
(Answer: 50)

District Level Committee

The committee ensures that a certified copy of the record of the right to ___ is provided to the Gram Sabha.
(Answer: community forest resource)

State Level Monitoring Committee

The committee should meet at least once in ___ months to monitor the recognition, verification, and vesting of forest rights and submit a ___ report to the Central Government.
(Answer: three, quarterly)
‘Bonafide livelihood needs’ refer to the fulfillment of livelihood needs, which can be met through the ___ of surplus produce.
(Answer: sale)
The definition of ‘community rights’ includes rights such as ___, ___, and ___.
(Answer: ownership, fishing and grazing, conversion of forest villages into revenue villages)
The disposal of minor forest produce includes individual or collective ___ and ___ by the Scheduled Tribes.
(Answer: processing, storage)

Process of Recognition of Rights

A process to identify ___ or ___ settlements or forest villages by every Panchayat was introduced.
(Answer: unrecorded, unsurveyed)
The delineation of community forest resources may include existing legal boundaries such as ___, ___, and ___.
(Answer: reserve forests, protected forests, national parks)

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), 2005

MGNREGA was launched to ensure social, economic, and ___ development of individuals.
(Answer: cultural)
The programme was launched in ___ by the UPA Government for providing employment opportunities to the rural poor.
(Answer: 2005)

Salient Features of MGNREGA

For the first time in Indian history, every rural household was guaranteed ___ days of employment in a financial year at their own place.
(Answer: 100)
On ___, NREGA was renamed to MGNREGA.
(Answer: 2nd October, 2009)
MGNREGA is a ___-driven scheme, meaning the government is obliged to provide work based on demand.
(Answer: demand)
If the State Government fails to provide 100 days of employment, ___ will be paid to eligible applicants as per prescribed rates.
(Answer: unemployment allowance)
Villagers, through Gram Sabha, decide the ___ of works to be undertaken for developing their village.
(Answer: priority)
At least ___ of the employment under the scheme will be provided to women, and wages shall be paid ___ and ___.
(Answer: one-third, equally, directly)

now for: Complete Transparency — There will be complete transparency in the scheme and wages will be paid in full public view. e.g., muster rolls will no longer be secret and budget and works will be in public knowledge. Muster rolls have to be placed before the Gram Sabha for auditing which is called social auditing. Ban on Contractors — Contractors will not be permitted under the scheme. Heavy machinery shall not be allowed under the scheme and most of the works are of unskilled manual labour kind. Pivotal Role of Panchayats — Panchayats at all levels will play pivotal role in planning and implementation of the scheme. They decide the beneficiaries of the scheme and nature of work to be undertaken and all financial resources to be routed through Panchayats. Work Site Facilities for Labourers — Under the scheme, a number of facilities will be provided at the worksite. Besides, there are provisions for free medical treatment in case of injury at worksite and compensation in case of death or permanent disability of labourers. Those Benefitting Under the MGNREGA Scheme — Every household in rural areas, whose adult members are willing to do unskilled manual work. — Villages will be able to create durable community assets which will enhance the livelihood resource base of the rural poor. — Panchayati Raj Institutions will be empowered financially and administratively. Right to Information (RTI) — In a democracy, RTI is important as it makes citizens active participants in the administration. It makes the system of governance transparent and thus accountable and citizen friendly. It helps to reduce corruption and makes government expenditure more efficient. History of RTI — In 1976 in the case of Raj Narain vs State of Uttar Pradesh Supreme Court held that freedom of speech and expression given under Article 19.1(a) cannot be expressed properly without the Right to Information. It also said that citizens should have the Right to Information since they are the masters and masters have the right to know. Citizens also pay taxes and thus they have the right to know how their money is being spent. — Thus, RTI is held to be a Fundamental Right in this case. The same Principle was upheld in SP Gupta vs Union of India (1982) case. — The Chief Ministers Conference in 1997 recognised the need to enact a Right to Information Act. — Working group under Shri HD Shourie submitted the draft law in 1997. It became the basis of Freedom of Information Bill, 2000. — The FOI Bill was passed in 2002 by both Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha and thus became an Act. However, due do many weaknesses in the Bill it was never notified and thus never came into force. — The Right to Information Bill, 2005 which was based on the Freedom of Information Act, 2002 (although with over 150 Amendments) was passed by the Parliament in 2005. It came into force on 12th October, 2005. It is a radical improvement over the Freedom of Information Act, 2002. Right to Information Act, 2005 — Right to Information is not mentioned in any list in the 7th Schedule and thus it comes under the jurisdiction of Union Government under Residuary Powers. The Meaning of Information — It covers any material in any form including records, documents, memos, e-mails etc held in any electronic form and information relating to any private body which can be accessed by a public authority under any other law for the time being in force but does not include file notings. Right to Information Means — Right to —inspect works, documents, records —take notes —take certified samples of material —obtain information in printouts, diskettes, floppies etc. Meaning of Public Authority — Any body or authority or institution that is constituted —By or under the Constitution. —By or under a law made by Parliament or State Legislatures. —By an executive order by way of notification. —It includes any body owned, controlled or substantially financed by the government including non-governmental bodies. Public Information Officers (PIOs) — PIOs are officers designated by public authorities in all administrative units to do the job of providing information to the citizens. — Applications asking for information in writing or in electronic from in Hindi, English or the local language should be given to the PIO alongwith the prescribed fees (for non-BPL only). Particulars of information sought are to be provided. — Reasons for seeking information are not needed personal information need not be provided. Only address for delivery has to be given

Complete Transparency

There will be complete transparency in the scheme, and wages will be paid in ___.
(Answer: full public view)
Muster rolls will no longer be ___ and must be placed before the Gram Sabha for ___.
(Answer: secret, social auditing)

Ban on Contractors

Contractors will ___ be permitted under the scheme.
(Answer: not)
Heavy ___ shall not be allowed, and most works will involve unskilled ___ labour.
(Answer: machinery, manual)

Pivotal Role of Panchayats

Panchayats will play a pivotal role in ___ and ___ of the scheme.
(Answer: planning, implementation)
Panchayats decide the ___ of the scheme and the ___ of work to be undertaken.
(Answer: beneficiaries, nature)
All financial resources will be routed through ___.
(Answer: Panchayats)

Work Site Facilities for Labourers

Facilities at the worksite include free ___ in case of injury and ___ in case of death or permanent disability.
(Answer: medical treatment, compensation)

Those Benefitting Under the MGNREGA Scheme

Every household in rural areas whose ___ members are willing to do unskilled manual work benefits.
(Answer: adult)
Villages can create durable ___ assets, enhancing the livelihood resource base of the ___.
(Answer: community, rural poor)
Panchayati Raj Institutions will be empowered ___ and ___.
(Answer: financially, administratively)

Right to Information (RTI)

RTI makes citizens active participants in the ___.
(Answer: administration)
RTI reduces ___ and makes government expenditure more ___.
(Answer: corruption, efficient)

History of RTI

The Supreme Court in Raj Narain vs State of Uttar Pradesh (1976) held that freedom of speech and expression under Article ___ cannot be properly exercised without RTI.
(Answer: 19.1(a))
Citizens are considered ___, and thus they have the right to know how their ___ is being spent.
(Answer: masters, money)
The Right to Information Bill, 2005, came into force on ___.
(Answer: 12th October, 2005)

Right to Information Act, 2005

Right to Information is not mentioned in any list in the ___ Schedule and comes under the Union Government's ___ Powers.
(Answer: 7th, Residuary)

The Meaning of Information

Information includes any material in any form, such as ___, ___, ___, or e-mails.
(Answer: records, documents, memos)
It excludes ___ notings.
(Answer: file)

Right to Information Means

Right to ___ works, documents, records.
(Answer: inspect)
Right to ___ notes and take certified ___ of material.
(Answer: take, samples)
Right to obtain information in ___, ___, or ___.
(Answer: printouts, diskettes, floppies)

Meaning of Public Authority

Public Authority includes bodies constituted by or under the ___, by or under laws made by ___ or State Legislatures, or by an ___.
(Answer: Constitution, Parliament, executive order)
It also includes bodies owned, controlled, or substantially ___ by the government.
(Answer: financed)

Public Information Officers (PIOs)

PIOs are officers designated by public authorities to provide ___ to citizens.
(Answer: information)
Applications for information can be submitted in ___, ___, or the local language along with prescribed ___ (for non-BPL).
(Answer: Hindi, English, fees)
Reasons for seeking information are ___, and only ___ for delivery must be given.
(Answer: not needed, address)

now for: Duties of PIO Some of the important duties of PIOs are as follows: — To accept applications seeking information. — To transfer applications within 5 days when they are connected to another public authority. — If request for information is rejected. Then the PIO should provide —the reasons for rejection. —time limit in which appeal can be made. —particulars of the appellate authority. — To provide information in the form in which it is sought. Time Limit for Providing Information — 30 days from the day of application. — 2 days for information concerning life or liberty of a person. — 5 days are to be added to above times if the application is to be transferred to another authority. — 10 days are to be added for information concern in a third party. — Failure to provide information within time limit will be deemed refusal. Possible Grounds for Rejection — Information which would affect the sovereignty, integrity, security of India. — Information, the disclosure of which will be contempt of court or breach of privilege of the Parliament or State Legislature; Information received in confidence from foreign governments. — Personal information with no relation to any public activity or interest. — Not with standing any of these provisions a public authority may allow the release of information if public interest in disclosure outweighs the harm to protected interest. — Any information which infringes the copyright of any person other than the state. — Partial disclosure is allowed to provide information on that part which is not exempt and which can be reasonably severed from the rest. Bodies Excluded from Purview of RTI — Central intelligence and security agencies specified in the 2nd Schedule like RAW, IB, Narcotics control Bureau etc. Agencies specified by the State Governments through a notification. This exclusion is only partial and these bodies have an obligation to provide information relating to allegations of corruption and human rights violations. Penalty — Every PIO will be liable to pay

 250/day upto a maximum of

 25000 for

—not accepting an application. —delaying information without reasonable cause. —knowingly giving in complete, incorrect or misleading information. —destroying the requested information. —the CIC and the State Information Commission will have the power to impose this penalty. Appellate Authorities — First appeal to officer senior in rank to the concerned PIO. — Second appeal to the IC or State IC — Third appeal to courts. — Though lower courts are banned from entertaining any suits or applications the writ jurisdictions of the Supreme Court and High Court under Article 32 and Article 226 respectively remain unaffected. Central Information Commission (CIC) and State Information Commission (SIC) — CIC and SIC to have one Chief Information Commissioner and IO Information Commissioners at the maximum. Eligibility Criteria and Appointment — Appointment Committee includes Prime/Chief Minister, Leader of opposition, Cabinet Minister nominated by Prime/Chief Minister in case of Union/State Government. — Persons eligible for appointment as Chief ICS and ICS at both state and union level should be persons of eminence in public life with wide knowledge and experience in law, science and technology, social service, management, journalism etc. Terms of Office and Service Conditions — RTI (Amendment) Act, 2019 states that the Central Government will notify the Term of Office of CIC and IC. — RTI (Amendment) Act, 2019 states that the salaries, allowances and other terms and conditions of service of Central and State CIC and IC will be determined by Central Government. — CIC not eligible for reappointment. — Salary not to be varied during service to disadvantage. Power and Functions of CIC/SIC — CIC/SIC have a duty to receive complaints from any person —who has not been able to fill an application as the concerned PIO is not appointed. —who has been refused for requested information. —who has not received any response within the specified time. —who thinks the fees charged are unreasonable. —who thinks the information is misleading or false. —any other matter relating to obtaining information under the law.

Duties of PIO

PIOs must accept ___ seeking information.
(Answer: applications)
If the application relates to another public authority, it must be transferred within ___ days.
(Answer: 5)
If a request for information is rejected, the PIO must provide:
- ___ for rejection.
- Time limit for ___.
- Particulars of the ___.
  (Answer: reasons, appeal, appellate authority)
Information must be provided in the ___ in which it is sought.
(Answer: form)

Time Limit for Providing Information

General information must be provided within ___ days of application.
(Answer: 30)
Information concerning the life or liberty of a person must be provided within ___ days.
(Answer: 2)
If the application is transferred to another authority, ___ additional days are allowed.
(Answer: 5)
For third-party information, ___ additional days are added.
(Answer: 10)
Failure to provide information within the time limit will be deemed ___.
(Answer: refusal)

Possible Grounds for Rejection

Information that affects the ___, ___, or ___ of India can be rejected.
(Answer: sovereignty, integrity, security)
Information whose disclosure would result in ___ of court or breach of ___ of Parliament or State Legislature can be rejected.
(Answer: contempt, privilege)
Personal information unrelated to ___ or ___ interest may be rejected.
(Answer: public activity, public)
Information infringing ___, except for the state, can be rejected.
(Answer: copyright)
___ disclosure is allowed for information not exempt and severable from the rest.
(Answer: Partial)
Public interest may ___ the harm to protected interest, allowing disclosure.
(Answer: outweigh)

Bodies Excluded from RTI Purview

Agencies like RAW, IB, and Narcotics Control Bureau, listed in the ___ Schedule, are excluded from RTI.
(Answer: 2nd)
These bodies must provide information related to allegations of ___ and ___ violations.
(Answer: corruption, human rights)

Penalty

PIOs are liable to pay ₹___ per day, up to ₹___, for various violations.
(Answer: 250, 25,000)
Violations include:
- Not ___ an application.
- ___ information without reasonable cause.
- Providing ___, ___, or misleading information.
- ___ the requested information.
  (Answer: accepting, Delaying, incomplete, incorrect, Destroying)
Penalties are imposed by the ___ and State Information Commissions.
(Answer: Central Information Commission)

Appellate Authorities

The first appeal is to an officer ___ in rank to the PIO.
(Answer: senior)
The second appeal is to the ___ or State IC.
(Answer: Information Commission)
The third appeal is to ___.
(Answer: courts)
Lower courts cannot entertain suits, but writ jurisdictions under Articles ___ and ___ remain unaffected.
(Answer: 32, 226)

Central and State Information Commissions

CIC and SIC must have one Chief Information Commissioner and up to ___ Information Commissioners.
(Answer: 10)

Eligibility and Appointment

The Appointment Committee includes:
- The ___ Minister.
- Leader of ___.
- A Cabinet Minister nominated by the ___.
  (Answer: Prime/Chief, Opposition, Prime/Chief Minister)
Eligible persons must be of ___ in public life with knowledge in fields like law, science, social service, etc.
(Answer: eminence)

Terms of Office and Service Conditions

The RTI Amendment Act, 2019 allows the ___ Government to notify the term of office and conditions of service.
(Answer: Central)
CIC is ___ for reappointment.
(Answer: not eligible)
Salary cannot be ___ during service to disadvantage.
(Answer: varied)

Powers and Functions of CIC/SIC

CIC/SIC can receive complaints from individuals who:
- Could not ___ an application due to an absent PIO.
- Were ___ requested information.
- Did not receive a response within the ___.
- Believe fees charged are ___.
- Think the information provided is ___ or ___.
  (Answer: file, refused, time limit, unreasonable, misleading, false)

2/2

now for: Powers to Order Inquiry — CIC/SIC will have powers of civil court such as —summoning, compelling to give evidence. —requiring the discovery and inspection of documents. —receiving evidence on affidavits. —requisitioning public records from any court or office. —issuing summons for examination of witnesses or documents. Power to Secure Compliance — Power to secure compliance of its decision from the public authority includes —providing access to information in a particular form. —directing the public authority to appoint a PIO/APIO where none exist. —making necessary changes to the practices relating to management, maintenance and destruction of records. —enhancing training provisions for officials of RTI. —imposing penalties under the law. —rejecting the application. —seeking annual report from the public authority. Reporting Procedure — CIC and SIC will send an annual report to the Union and State Governments respectively on the implementation of the provisions of the law. — Each ministry has a duty to compile reports from its public authorities and send them to the CIC or SIC as the case may be. — Each report will contain the details of number of requests received by each public authority, number of rejections and appeals, particulars of disciplinary action taken, amount of fees and charges collected etc. — These reports are to be tabled after the end of each year in front of Parliament or State Legislature as the case may be. Right to Education — The first step towards making the Right to Education a reality was the Constitution (86th) Amendment Act, 2002 which added Article. 21A to the Part III (Fundamental Rights) of the Constitution. The Article provides that the state shall provide free and compulsory education to all children of the age of 6-14 years. Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 (RTE Act) — This right could only be enforced after the passing of the RTE Act in 2009 and its subsequent notification in February 2010. The act came into force on 1st April, 2010. The salient features of the act are: — Free and compulsory education to all children of India in the 6-14 age group. — Through RTE (Amendment) Act 2019, no-detention policy has been abolished, it has been left to the States to decide whether to continue no-detention policy. — Will apply to all of India. — Provides for 25% reservation for economically disadvantaged communities in class one in neighbourhood private schools. The expense for the same shall be borne by the government. — Mandates improvement in quality of education. School teachers will need to get adequate professional qualification in 5 years time or else they will lose their jobs. School infrastructure (where deficient) should be improved in 3 years or else the recognition will be cancelled. Financial burden will be shared between Central and State Governments. Rights of Backward Classes Constitutional Provisions — Article 15 (4) The state make any special provision for the advancement of any socially and educationally backward classes of citizen. — Article 15 (5) The state make any special provison for any socially and educationally backward classes of citizen with respect to their admission to educational institutions including private educational institutions who they aided or unaided by the state other than the minority educational institution. — Article 16 (4) Reservation of appointments or posts. in favour of any backward classes of citizen. — Article 46 To promote with special care the educational and economic interests of the weaker section of the people and protect them from social injustices and all forms of exploitation. — Article 164 (1) The tribal welfare minister appointed by the Governor in the States of Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh and Odisha may in addition be incharged for the welfare of backward classes. — Article 340 Appointment of a commission by the President to investigate to conditions of backward classes. Legislations — National Commission for Backward Classes — Central Educational Institutional (Reservation in Admission) Act, 2006 Rights of Children Constitutional Provisions — Article 15 (3) Special provision for Women and Children. — Article 21 A Right to free and compulsory education to all children of the age of 6-14 years. Article 23 Prohibits trafficking of human being and forced labour. — Article 24 Prohibits employment of children below the age of 14 years in factories, mines and any other hazardous occupation. — Article 39 (e) and (f) Obligates the state to safeguard the health of children and afford opportunities to grow with dignity. — Article 45 The state shall endeavour to provide early childhood care and education for all children until they complete the age of 6 years. — Article 51 A (K) The duty of every parent or guardian to provide opportunities for eduction to his child or ward between the age of 6-14 years.

Here is a concise and organized breakdown of the provided content:

Powers to Order Inquiry

The CIC/SIC (Central Information Commission/State Information Commission) has civil court powers, including:

Summoning witnesses and compelling testimony.
Requiring the discovery and inspection of documents.
Receiving evidence via affidavits.
Requisitioning public records from any court or office.
Issuing summons for examination of witnesses or documents.

Power to Secure Compliance

The CIC/SIC can secure compliance through:

Directing access to information in a particular format.
Appointing a PIO/APIO if not already designated.
Making changes to record management practices.
Enhancing RTI training for officials.
Imposing penalties for non-compliance.
Rejecting applications when necessary.
Requiring annual reports from public authorities.

Reporting Procedure

The CIC/SIC sends an annual report to the Union and State Governments on RTI implementation.
Ministries must compile reports from public authorities detailing:
- Number of requests and appeals.
- Disciplinary actions taken.
- Fees collected.
These reports are tabled in Parliament or State Legislatures annually.

Right to Education

Constitutional Amendment:

86th Amendment Act (2002): Article 21A added, providing free and compulsory education for children aged 6-14 years.

Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 (RTE Act)

Implemented: 1st April 2010, mandating:
- Free education for children aged 6-14.
- 25% reservation in private schools for economically disadvantaged students.
- Improvement of school infrastructure and teacher qualifications.
No-detention policy was abolished in 2019 (States can decide whether to continue).

Rights of Backward Classes

Constitutional Provisions:

Article 15(4): Special provisions for socially and educationally backward classes.
Article 15(5): Special provisions for backward classes in educational institutions.
Article 16(4): Reservation in appointments for backward classes.
Article 46: Promotes the welfare of the weaker sections of society.
Article 164(1): Tribal welfare minister in certain states may handle welfare of backward classes.
Article 340: Establishes commissions to investigate backward class conditions.

Legislation:

National Commission for Backward Classes.
Central Educational Institutions (Reservation in Admission) Act, 2006.

Rights of Children

Constitutional Provisions:

Article 15(3): Special provisions for women and children.
Article 21A: Right to free and compulsory education for children aged 6-14.
Article 23: Prohibits trafficking and forced labour.
Article 24: Prohibits employment of children under 14 in hazardous work.
Article 39(e) and (f): Safeguards the health and dignity of children.
Article 45: Aims to provide early childhood care and education for all children under 6.
Article 51A(k): Parents' duty to provide education for children aged 6-14.

This summary provides an easy-to-understand layout of the key provisions related to RTI, Right to Education, and Rights of Backward Classes and Children, as well as the roles and powers of the CIC/SIC in implementing and enforcing these rights.

but i needded it in the fill in the blanks format

Here’s the information you provided in a fill-in-the-blanks format:

Powers to Order Inquiry

The CIC/SIC (Central Information Commission/State Information Commission) has the powers of a _________ court, such as:

Summoning, compelling to give _________.
Requiring the discovery and inspection of _________.
Receiving evidence on _________.
Requisitioning public records from any _________ or office.
Issuing _________ for examination of witnesses or documents.

Power to Secure Compliance

The CIC/SIC has the power to ensure compliance by:

Providing access to information in a _________ form.
Directing the public authority to appoint a _________ or _________ if none exist.
Making necessary changes to the practices relating to _________, maintenance, and destruction of records.
Enhancing _________ provisions for officials of RTI.
Imposing _________ under the law.
Rejecting the _________.
Seeking an _________ report from the public authority.

Reporting Procedure

The CIC/SIC will send an annual report to the _________ and _________ Governments respectively on the implementation of the provisions of the law.

Each ministry has a duty to compile reports from its _________ and send them to the CIC/SIC.
Each report will contain the details of:
- Number of _________ received.
- Number of _________ and _________.
- Particulars of _________ action taken.
- Amount of _________ and charges collected.
These reports are to be tabled after the end of each year in front of _________ or _________ as the case may be.

Right to Education

Constitutional Amendment:

The _________ Amendment Act (2002) added Article 21A to the Constitution, providing _________ and compulsory education for children aged 6-14 years.

Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 (RTE Act)

The RTE Act came into force on _________.
It mandates:
- _________ education for children aged 6-14.
- _________% reservation in private schools for economically disadvantaged students.
- _________ of school infrastructure and teacher qualifications.
The No-detention policy was abolished in _________, allowing states to decide whether to continue it.

Rights of Backward Classes

Constitutional Provisions:

Article 15(4): The state can make special provisions for the advancement of _________.
Article 15(5): The state can make special provisions for backward classes in _________ institutions.
Article 16(4): Provides _________ in appointments for backward classes.
Article 46: Promotes the welfare of the _________ sections of society.
Article 164(1): Tribal welfare minister in certain states may handle the welfare of _________ classes.
Article 340: Establishes commissions to investigate the conditions of _________ classes.

Legislation:

_________ Commission for Backward Classes.
_________ Educational Institutions (Reservation in Admission) Act, 2006.

Rights of Children

Constitutional Provisions:

Article 15(3): Special provisions for _________ and _________.
Article 21A: Right to _________ education for children aged 6-14.
Article 23: Prohibits _________ and forced labour.
Article 24: Prohibits employment of children under _________ in hazardous work.
Article 39(e) and (f): Safeguards the _________ and _________ of children.
Article 45: Aims to provide _________ childhood care and education for all children under 6.
Article 51A(k): Parents’ duty to provide _________ for children aged 6-14.

This fill-in-the-blanks format can be used for quizzes or assessments on the related topics.

where is answer? i also need answers below every question:

Here’s the same content with answers provided below each question:

Powers to Order Inquiry

The CIC/SIC (Central Information Commission/State Information Commission) has the powers of a _________ court, such as:

Summoning, compelling to give _________.
Requiring the discovery and inspection of _________.
Receiving evidence on _________.
Requisitioning public records from any _________ or office.
Issuing _________ for examination of witnesses or documents.

Answers:

Civil
Evidence
Documents
Affidavits
Court

Power to Secure Compliance

The CIC/SIC has the power to ensure compliance by:

Providing access to information in a _________ form.
Directing the public authority to appoint a _________ or _________ if none exist.
Making necessary changes to the practices relating to _________, maintenance, and destruction of records.
Enhancing _________ provisions for officials of RTI.
Imposing _________ under the law.
Rejecting the _________.
Seeking an _________ report from the public authority.

Answers:

Particular
PIO (Public Information Officer), APIO (Assistant Public Information Officer)
Management
Training
Penalties
Application
Annual

Reporting Procedure

The CIC/SIC will send an annual report to the _________ and _________ Governments respectively on the implementation of the provisions of the law.

Each ministry has a duty to compile reports from its _________ and send them to the CIC/SIC.
Each report will contain the details of:
- Number of _________ received.
- Number of _________ and _________.
- Particulars of _________ action taken.
- Amount of _________ and charges collected.
These reports are to be tabled after the end of each year in front of _________ or _________ as the case may be.

Answers:

Union, State
Public Authorities
Requests
Rejections, Appeals
Disciplinary
Fees
Parliament, State Legislature

Right to Education

Constitutional Amendment:

The _________ Amendment Act (2002) added Article 21A to the Constitution, providing _________ and compulsory education for children aged 6-14 years.

Answer:

86th, Free

Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 (RTE Act)

The RTE Act came into force on _________.
It mandates:
- _________ education for children aged 6-14.
- _________% reservation in private schools for economically disadvantaged students.
- _________ of school infrastructure and teacher qualifications.
The No-detention policy was abolished in _________, allowing states to decide whether to continue it.

Answers:

1st April 2010
Free
25%
Improvement
2019

Rights of Backward Classes

Constitutional Provisions:

Article 15(4): The state can make special provisions for the advancement of _________.
Article 15(5): The state can make special provisions for backward classes in _________ institutions.
Article 16(4): Provides _________ in appointments for backward classes.
Article 46: Promotes the welfare of the _________ sections of society.
Article 164(1): Tribal welfare minister in certain states may handle the welfare of _________ classes.
Article 340: Establishes commissions to investigate the conditions of _________ classes.

Answers:

Socially and educationally backward classes
Educational
Reservations
Weaker
Backward
Backward

Legislation:

_________ Commission for Backward Classes.
_________ Educational Institutions (Reservation in Admission) Act, 2006.

Answers:

National
Central

Rights of Children

Constitutional Provisions:

Article 15(3): Special provisions for _________ and _________.
Article 21A: Right to _________ education for children aged 6-14.
Article 23: Prohibits _________ and forced labour.
Article 24: Prohibits employment of children under _________ in hazardous work.
Article 39(e) and (f): Safeguards the _________ and _________ of children.
Article 45: Aims to provide _________ childhood care and education for all children under 6.
Article 51A(k): Parents’ duty to provide _________ for children aged 6-14.

Answers:

Women, Children
Free
Trafficking
14 years
Health, Opportunities
Early
Education

This version should meet your requirements for a fill-in-the-blank format with answers provided below each section.

great finally for: UN and Child Rights — The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, often referred as CRC or UNCRC sets out the civil, political , economic, social and cultural rights of children. — The UN General Assembly adopted the convention and opened it for signature in 1989. If came into force in 1990. — If requires the states to act in the best interests of the child. It acknowledges that every children has certain basic rights, including the right to life, his or her own name and identity, to be raised by his or her own parents, and have a relationship with both parents, even if they are separated. National Commission for Protection of Child Rights — It was set-up in March 2007, under the commission for protection of Child Rights Act, 2005. Its mandate is to ensure that all laws, policies and programmes are in consonance with the child rights perspective as enshrined in the UNCRC and the Indian Constitution. Child is defined as a person in the age group of 0-18 years. Rights of Consumers Consumer Protection Act, 2019 — This Act replaced the Consumer Protection Act, 1986 to provide better protection of consumer interests. — It covers transaction through all modes including offline and online through electronic means, teleshopping, multi-level marketing and direct selling. — Creation of Central Consumer Protection Authority (CCPA) to promote, protect and enforce the various right of consumers. — CCPA will inquire into violation of Consumer Rights, pass orders to recall goods and reimburse the price paid, impose penalities, direct authorities to discontinue false and misleading advertisement among other functions. — It enshrines 6 rights to consumers (i) Right to Safety (ii) Right to be Informed (iii) Right to be Heard (iv) Right to Choose (v) Right to Seek redressal (vi) Right to Consumer Education — It introduces product liability and penalities for misleading advertisement. — It provides for establishing a 3 tier Consumer Dispute Redressal Commission with jurisdiction viz District (upto 1 crore), State (between 1 crore -

 10 crore) and

Centre (above

 10 crore).

Consumer Protection — The rules were notified by Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distributions, to make online retailers more accountable and their businesses more transparent. — It will be applicable to all electronic retailers (e-tailers), registered in India or abroad but offering goods and services to Indian consumers. — It will cover all goods sold online through the marketplace or inventory-led models. — E-commerce entities are also required to mention ‘country of origin’ of goods and services that are necessary for enabling the consumer to make an informed decision at the pre-purchase stage. — Both e-tailers and their sellers have to appoint grievance officers to address any complaints. LGBT Rights in India — Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) people in India face danger of being imprisoned up to a life time because of their sexual orientation. Homosexual intercourse is a criminal offence under Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code since 1860. — In Naz Foundation v/s Government of NCT of Delhi in 2009, the Delhi High Court ruled Section 377 and other legal prohibitions against private, adult, consensual and non-commercial same-sex conduct to be in direct violation of Fundamental Rights provided by the Indian Constitution. — However, the Supreme Court of India overturned the decision of the lower court on 11th December, 2013 and upheld the primacy of Section 377. — The Section 377 was repealed by Supreme Court on 6th September 2018. Magbook ~ Rights Issues in India 165 Transgenders Legally Recognised as Third Gender The Supreme Court on 15 April, 2014, recognised the transgender community as a third gender alongwith male and female. Supreme Court Bench said eunuchs, apart from the binary gender, be treated for the purpose of safeguarding their rights under our Constitution and the laws made by the Parliament and the State Legislature.

Here’s the content in the fill-in-the-blank format with answers provided below:

UN and Child Rights

— The _________ Convention on the Rights of the Child, often referred to as CRC or _________, sets out the civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights of children. — The UN _________ Assembly adopted the convention and opened it for signature in _________. It came into force in _________. — It requires the states to act in the _________ interests of the child. It acknowledges that every child has certain basic rights, including the right to _________, his or her own name and identity, to be raised by his or her own parents, and have a relationship with both parents, even if they are separated.

Answers:

United Nations
UNCRC
General
1989
1990
Best
Life

National Commission for Protection of Child Rights

— It was set up in _________, under the _________ for Protection of Child Rights Act, _________. Its mandate is to ensure that all laws, policies, and programs are in consonance with the child rights perspective as enshrined in the UNCRC and the Indian Constitution. — A _________ is defined as a person in the age group of _________ years.

Answers:

March 2007
Commission
2005
Child
0-18

Rights of Consumers

Consumer Protection Act, 2019

— This Act replaced the _________ Protection Act, _________ to provide better protection of consumer interests. — It covers transactions through all modes including _________ and _________ through electronic means, teleshopping, multi-level marketing, and direct selling. — Creation of _________ Consumer Protection Authority (CCPA) to promote, protect, and enforce the various rights of consumers. — CCPA will inquire into violations of Consumer Rights, pass orders to recall goods and reimburse the price paid, impose _________, direct authorities to discontinue false and misleading advertisement among other functions. — It enshrines _________ rights to consumers: (i) Right to _________
(ii) Right to be _________
(iii) Right to be _________
(iv) Right to _________
(v) Right to Seek _________
(vi) Right to Consumer _________
— It introduces product liability and penalties for misleading advertisement. — It provides for establishing a 3-tier _________ Dispute Redressal Commission with jurisdiction viz District (up to _________), State (between _________ - _________), and Centre (above _________).

Answers:

Consumer
1986
Offline
Online
Central
Penalties
Six
Safety
Informed
Heard
Choose
Redressal
Education
Consumer
District
₹1 crore
₹1 crore
₹10 crore
₹10 crore

Consumer Protection

— The rules were notified by the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food, and Public Distribution, to make _________ retailers more accountable and their businesses more transparent. — It will be applicable to all electronic retailers (_________), registered in India or abroad but offering goods and services to Indian consumers. — It will cover all goods sold online through the _________ or _________ models. — E-commerce entities are also required to mention the _________ of origin of goods and services that are necessary for enabling the consumer to make an informed decision at the pre-purchase stage. — Both _________ and their sellers have to appoint grievance officers to address any complaints.

Answers:

Online
E-tailers
Marketplace
Inventory-led
Country
E-tailers

LGBT Rights in India

— Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (_________) people in India face the danger of being imprisoned for up to a lifetime because of their sexual orientation. Homosexual intercourse is a criminal offense under Section _________ of the Indian Penal Code since _________. — In _________ v/s _________ in 2009, the Delhi High Court ruled Section 377 and other legal prohibitions against private, adult, consensual, and non-commercial same-sex conduct to be in direct violation of Fundamental Rights provided by the Indian Constitution. — However, the _________ Court of India overturned the decision of the lower court on _________ and upheld the primacy of Section _________. — Section 377 was repealed by the Supreme Court on _________.

Answers:

LGBT
377
1860
Naz Foundation
Government of NCT of Delhi
Supreme
11th December 2013
6th September 2018

Transgenders Legally Recognized as Third Gender

— The _________ Court on _________, 2014, recognized the transgender community as a third gender along with male and female. The Supreme Court Bench said eunuchs, apart from the binary gender, should be treated for the purpose of safeguarding their rights under our Constitution and the laws made by the Parliament and the State Legislature.

Answers:

Supreme
15th April 2014